By: Ahmad Fatahillah

HISTORY OF ANESTHESIOLOGY
PRE - HISTORY OF ANESTHESIA
Bian Que (300 BC) was a
legendary
Chinese internist and
surgeon

"Lu" and "Chao" Sleep for 3 days

 The name mafeisan combines ma (麻,
meaning
"cannabis, hemp, numbed or tingling"),
fei (沸,anesthesia
Hua Tuo performed surgery under general meaning "boiling
using aorformula
bubbling"),
he had developed by mixing wine with and san (散,ofmeaning
a mixture "to breakheup or
herbal extracts
Hua Tuo reportedly used mafeisan scatter",
to perform even major operations
called mafeisan or "medicine in powder form").
such as resection of gangrenous intestines.
Records of Three Kingdoms or the Book the
Therefore, word
of the mafeisan
Later Han probably
means something like "cannabis boil
powder".
Because Confucian teachings regarded the body as sacred and
surgery was considered a form of body mutilation, surgery was
strongly discouraged in ancient China. Because of this, despite Hua
Tuo's reported success with general anesthesia, the practice of
surgery in ancient China ended with his death.
Victor H. Mair wrote
that mafei "appears to be a
transcription of some Indo-
European word related to
"morphine".
 MIDDLE AGES

936-1013 980–1037 1091–1161

Ibn Sīnā (980–1037) described the use of inhaled

Ibn Zuhr
anesthesia (1091–1161)
Canon was
in The(936-1013), another
of Medicine. Arab
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi an Arab [citation
physician
physician
needed]
who lived in The from
Al-Andalus, Al-Andalus.
Canon described
published In his
thethe 12th
"soporific century
30-volumesponge",
Kitab
medical
a sponge textbook
imbued Al-Taisir,
with aromaticsIbn Zuhr describes
and narcotics, the
which
al-Tasrif, the first illustrated work on surgery. In this book,
theuse ofofgeneral anesthesia.
he was
wrotetoabout
be placed under
use a patient's
general nose during
anesthesia surgical
for surgery.
operations.
These three physicians were among many who performed operations under
inhaled anesthesia with the use of narcotic-soaked sponges.
 Humphry Davy 18TH CENTURY James Watt

Davy, who coined the term "laughing gas" for nitrous oxide
Humphry Davy (1778–1829) as superintendent of the institute,
Joseph Priestley (1733–1804)
and engineer was an English polymath
James Watt(1736–1819) who discovered
to help manufacture the nitrous
oxide, nitric oxide, ammonia, hydrogen chloride and oxygen.
gases
Friedrich Sertürner (1783–1841) first
isolated morphine from opium in 1804;[59] he
named it morphine after Morpheus, the Greek
god of dreams.
Crawford W. Long (1815–1878) He postulated
that that diethyl ether produced pharmacologic
effects similar to those of nitrous oxide.
William T. G. Morton (1819–1868), another New
England dentist, demonstrate his technique for
dental extraction under nitrous oxide general
anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospital, For
many years, Morton was credited as being the
pioneer of general anesthesia in the Western
hemisphere, despite the fact that his
demonstration occurred four years after Long's
initial experience.
 Hermann Emil Fischer (1852–1919) and Joseph von Mering (1849–1908)
discovered that diethylbarbituric acid was an effective hypnotic agent.
Known as barbiturate
 Chevalier Jackson (1865–1958) was the first to report a high rate of
success for the use of direct laryngoscopy as a means to intubate the
trachea.
 Sodium thiopental, the first intravenous anesthetic, was synthesized in
1934 by Ernest H. Volwiler (1893–1992) and Donalee L. Tabern (1900–
1974)
 After World War I, further advances were made in the field of intratracheal
anesthesia. Among these were those made by Sir Ivan Whiteside
Magill (1888–1986)
Dr. Moch Kelan 3 years.

Central Bugerlijk Ziekenhuis

Dr. Sadono, RS Gatot Dr. Haditopo, RS Dr. Zuchradi, RS

Subroto Reese
Semarang Prof. M. Soekarjo
Bandung

Dr. Sadono, Dr.

Haditopo dan Dr.
Zuchradi
Dr. Moch Kelan
1973

 Dr. Mochamad Kelan Koesoemodipuro,

dikukuhkan menjadi bapak anesthesiology
indonesia.
1 JUNI 1976

IAAI

KONAS IAAI, Kedua dibandung.

1988
THANK
YOU