Department of Technical Education

Andhra Pradesh
Name :V.Siva Rama Prasad
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Civil Engineering
Institute : S.S Government Polytechnic,
Zaheerabad
Year/semester : IV semester
Subject : Construction Practice
Subject Code : C406
Topic : Roofs and Floorings.
Duration : 50 min
Sub -Topic : Floorings
Teaching Aids : PPT, Animations
Revised by : GVVL Satyanarayana
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 Objectives
Upon completion of this period you will be able to

know the construction of

• Tiled flooring

• Mosaic flooring

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 Recap

In previous class, we discussed

• The structure of flooring

• construction of Cuddapah stone and cement plastered

floorings .

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 Tiled Flooring

• Tiles are made of clay (pottery) ,concrete, mosaic or

terrazzo etc.,)

• Tiles are precast units manufactured in various

thickness and shapes

• Common shapes are square rectangle and hexagon

• Precast terrazzo tiles are also called as mosaic tiles

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 Tiled Flooring

• White or coloured glazed tiles with different designs and

patterns are baked with pottery or china clay

• Tiles are versatile and have wide usage

• Can be also used for bathrooms,water closets,

swimming pools both as flooring and as dado

• Generally they do not need any polishing

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 Method of construction of Tiled flooring

• Method of laying tiled floor is similar to that of flag stone

flooring

• Above the compacted hard soil base, 100-150mm

concrete base is laid

• Over this concrete base, a bedding layer of 12-25 mm

thick cement mortar (1:3) is spread uniformly and at
required slope

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 Method of construction of Tiled flooring

• When mortar bed is still green, neat cement slurry

shall be applied over it.
• The jointing faces of tiles shall also be applied with
the slurry.
• The tiles shall then be neatly pressed in the bedding
layer one after the other, gently tapped with wooden
mallet till the tiles are properly embedded.

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 Method of construction of tiled flooring

• Cement that oozes(forced) out through joints due to

tapping is wiped clean

• Next day joints are raked to a depth of 5 mm and

washed and clean

• If necessary, the cleaned joints shall be grouted with

cement slurry of same color as that of tiles

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 Method of construction of tiled flooring

• Tiles near the wall surfaces shall go about 10mm under

the wall plaster.

• For this sake, the wall plaster key be left out 50mm
above finished floor topping.

• After a week ,the finished floor shall be washed clean

with oxalic acid solution to remove stains and mortar
patches.

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 Tiled floor(vitrified)

Fig. (2) 9C406.36 10

 Advantages of Tiled flooring

• Non absorbent
• Good looking
• Wide range of colours
• Different patterns

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Advantages of Tiled flooring
• Smooth
• Easy to clean
• Glazed tiles are acid proof
• Speed in laying
• Easy to replace

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Disadvantages of Tiled Flooring

• Slippery when wet

• Costly to lay

• Skilled labour required

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 Mosaic flooring

• Mosaic floor is made of small pieces of broken

tiles or marble pieces
• These pieces are cut to desired shapes and
sizes

• They are arranged in different patterns

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 Method of Construction of Mosaic flooring

• A hard compacted soil base is prepared as usually

• A firm sub grade of concrete of 100 to 150mm thick is

prepared with CC 1:4:8

• Sub grade layer is cleaned, dusted and wetted

• A 40 to 60 mm layer of cement mortar (1:3) is laid over

sub grade.

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Method of construction of Mosaic flooring
• Small areas are selected for spreading cement to avoid
quick setting and drying of bedding mortar
• On this layer, 3 mm thick cementing material in the form
of paste is laid
• This paste is made from slaked lime, powdered marble
and pozzolana (2:1:1)
• Paste layer is allowed to dry for 4 hours

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 Method of construction

• Small pieces of tiles or marble of desired color and

shape are arranged in desired pattern
• During fixing of tile pieces, dry cement is sprinkled and
the pieces are tamped with a wooden flat
• They are firmly set into into cementing layer

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 Method of construction

• The surface is allowed to dry for one day

• Floor is manually or mechanically polished with pumice

stone

• The smooth floor is allowed to dry for two weeks before

put in to use.

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 Summary

In this class , we discussed

Construction procedure of

Tiled flooring

Mosaic flooring

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 Quiz

1. Tiles are
a. Precast Units
b. Stone slabs
c. Cast in situ item
d. Baked earth

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2. Mosaic tiles are

• Plain
• Same design
• Random design
• No specified pattern

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 Frequently asked questions

1. Explain the method of constructing tiled flooring

2. Explain the method of constructing mosaic flooring

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