QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY

CONTROL (IN BUILDING)

Quality:- In the Building Construction Industry,
Quality can be defined as meeting the
requirements of the owner, Architect, Designer,
Contractor, Building Officials & Regulatory
Agencies.
Quality Assurance (QA) :- QA means bridging the
gap between “what is conceived & designed”
and “what is finally achieved”. It covers the
planned & systematic actions necessary to
ensure that the building conforms the project
requirements & will perform satisfactorily in
future.

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 QUALITY ASSURANCE & QUALITY
CONTROL
Quality Control (QC):- QC in construction
typically involves ensuring compliance with
minimum standards of material &
workmanship by proper testing &
acceptance criteria. The minimum
standards are provided in the
specifications. QC activities should
encompass all phases of the project
including design, construction & testing.
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 QUALITY AUDIT & TQM
• Quality Audit is defined as a systematic & independent
checking to determine whether the quality activities &
related results comply with the requirements. It also
examines whether the planned arrangement is suitable
to achieve the objectives.
• Total Quality Management TQM) advocates commitment
to customer satisfaction through continuous
improvement & innovation. It is an organized approach
of management for total quality for effectiveness &
competitiveness, involving each & every activity &
personnel at all levels of organization.

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 ELEMENTS OF QUALITY IN
CONSTRUCTION
i) Quality in Design :- To establish QA
programme, following procedure can be
followed:
a) Develop/Review Project Procedure Manual
b) Develop/Review the written Project
Programme
c) Standard Procedure to be established to
define the checks to be carried out
d) Review Cooridination of the work performed
by various disciplines
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 ELEMENTS OF QUALITY IN
CONSTRUCTION(Contd)
Finally following may be performed,
before releasing construction
documents:-
a) Review by Project Manager
b) Review by Design Professional
c) Third party proof check/peer review
d) Final acceptance by the owner
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 ELEMENTS OF QUALITY IN
CONSTRUCTION(Contd)
ii) Quality of Construction – Quality Control in
construction involves ensuring compliance with
minimum standards of material & workmanship.
The minimum standards are contained in the
specifications. Quality requirements should be
clear & verifiable, so that all parties in the project
can understand the requirements. In
construction, random samples & statistical
methods are commonly used as the basis for
accepting or rejecting batches of materials
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 ORGANIZING FOR QUALITY
a) Quality Assurance Plan :- address
following elements:-
i) Scope of the Quality Plan
ii) Management Responsibility
iii) Quality System
iv) Contract Review
v) Design Control
vi) Document & Data Control
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 ORGANIZING FOR QUALITY
(Contd)
Quality Assurance Plan Elements (Contd):-
vii) Purchasing
viii) Inspection & testing
ix) Corrective & preventive action
x) Control of Quality Records
xi) Quality Audits
xii) Training
Field administration includes drafting Quality policies,
studying needs, conducting surveys of perspective
suppliers, preparing inspection manuals & conducting
training courses
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 ORGANIZING FOR QUALITY (Contd)
b) Field & Laboratory Testing :- In concrete construction following
are the field tests:-
i) Measurement of Slump
ii) Measurement of air content & unit weight
iii) Measurement of temperature
The Laboratory tests include followings:-
i) Measurement of Specific gravity, unit weight & moisture
absorption of aggregates
ii) Sieve analysis of aggregates
iii) Measurement of compressive strength of concrete
iv) Measurement of flexural tensile & splitting tensile strength of
concrete
v) Measurement of yield stress, ultimate strength, total
elongation & toughness of reinforcing bar
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QUALITY CONTROL (QC) PLAN FOR
A TYPICAL RETROFITING JOB
• QC activities includes followings:-
a) Selection of materials & methods
b) Design of temporary Supports (
Scaffolding; Formwork; Shoring )
c) Safety ( safety training; personal
protective & life saving equipment)

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