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W+ W-
Hypotheses
• An expert will have less change in net
mechanical work compared to a novice while
walking with and without high heels
• An expert will have less change in double
support net mechanical work compared to a
novice while walking with and without high
heels
Methods
• Expert: HH experience of 7 years
• Novice: No experience
Barefoot walking Break HH walking
(n= 5) (n=5)
Heel
height
θ
Foot length
Θ = Ankle angle = 20˚ PF
Expert Heel
3.15 inches 4.0 inches
Methods
• 10 meter instrumented walkway
• 8 IR
– 120 Hz
– 6th order low pass (10 Hz) Butterworth
– Helen Hayes marker set (22 landmarks)
• Two force plates
– 1020 Hz
– 4th order low pass (30 Hz) Butterworth
– Down sampled to match kinematics
Data Analysis
• Mechanical work
W F vcom
Wnet W W
• Double support:
– HS to contralateral toe off
– Right leg is always the trailing limb
Subjects
Expert (n=1) Novice (n=1)
Sex Female Male
Age (yrs.) 22.08 22.83
Height (cm) 160.20 167.64
Weight (kg) 58.97 71.21
Control Heels Control Heels
-2 -2
-4
Mechanical Work (J)
-4
-6
-10 -14
-16
-12
-18
Results
• Hypothesis II is supported
Expert Positve Mechanical Work Novice Positve Mechanical Work
18 18
16 16
14 14
Mechanical Work (J)