ROBOTICS AND

AUTOMATION

Group 3:
Akshaya Bhardwaj
Aritra Sanyal
Mahesh Kumar
Namit Gaur
Sushan Upadhyaya
Unnati Khandelwal
Robotics

 Interdisciplinary Branch
 Rapidly Growing Field
 Used in STEM
 Robotics involves
• Conception
• Design
• Manufacture
• Operations
 Consider as a future of the world
 Automation

Also called as Automatic Control

Ford given in 1947
Widely used in every sector.
There are huge impact of automations

 IT Automations
 Health Care Automations
 Banking Automations
Automation is going to cause unemployment,
and we need to prepare for it. -Mark Cuban
AI shooting for the sky
Computational Power
Impacts on Society
Positive:
 Automating a job can result in more of those jobs.
 Automation doesn’t necessarily make humans obsolete.
Impacts on Society
Negative:
 Automation leads to loss of existing jobs
 Impacts on Economy
Positive:
 Benefit to rural economy in India
 Automation and Robotics boost productivity(GDP)
Impacts on Economy
Negative:
 Robots replace too many jobs before a jobless economy can be
stabilized.
 Identity Theft and Data Abuse
Opportunities and Prospects
Advances in Robotics and
Automation
 Lovotics
Social Robotics and Human Robot Interaction towards affection and
friendship between the robot and the human partner.
 Social Robots and Chatbots
Robot that interacts and communicates with humans or other
autonomous physical agents by following social behaviours.
 Neurorobotics
 Neural Networks
Defined as Artificial intelligence technique that mimics the operation of
the human brain (nerves and neurons), and comprises of densely
interconnected computer processors working simultaneously.
 Medical Robotics
 Industrial Robotics
 Tele robotics
Tele robotics is the area of robotics concerned with the control of semi-
autonomous robots from a distance, chiefly using Wireless network
(like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, the Deep Space Network, and similar) or
tethered connections.
 Swarm Intelligence and Robotics
Swarm intelligence and robotics is another way to deal with the
coordination of multi-robot frameworks.
 Nanobots
Fight with in-body cancerous cells and kill them.
Prospects of loosing jobs to
Machines?
 Factories will always seek the cheapest workforce, be that human or
machine.

 Compared with humans, robots may be quicker to train, cheaper to

maintain, easier to refuel and repair, and less prone to be bored by
repetitive tasks.

 However, it’s worth keeping in mind that one of the primary uses of
these technologies is doing things we don’t want to. Dangerous
jobs, boring jobs, physically demanding jobs and jobs where high
levels of repetitive accuracy are needed.
 While traditional machines, including fixed location industrial
robots, replaced our muscles (and those of other animals like horses
and oxen), these new smart machines have the potential to replace
our minds.

 Will this just have the same effects as past technological leaps –
short term disruption more than offset by long term economic gains
– or is this something more fundamental in terms of taking humans
out of the loop.

Let’s take a look:-

 Does risk vary by sectors?
 One of the main drivers of a job being at potentially high risk
of automation is the composition of tasks that are conducted.

 In contrast, in lower automation risk industries such as

education, there is an increased focus on social and literacy skills,
which are relatively less automatable.

Is the situation this grim? No! We have hope.

 There are economic, legal and regulatory constraints that might
restrict automation in practice?

 Economic – just because it is technically feasible to replace a

human worker with a robot does not mean that
it would be economically attractive to do so.

 Even if economic barriers to adopting automation can eventually be

overcome, however, there could also be significant legal and
regulatory hurdles to negotiate. E.g. The case of driverless cars.
Other side to it!
 Can Automation generate offsetting jobs
and income gain?
 We have focused so far on estimating the potential job losses
from automation. In practice, however, there should also be
significant gains from these technologies in terms of completely
new types of jobs being created related to these new digital
technologies.

 Wealth from these innovations being recycled into

additional spending, so generating demand for extra jobs in less
automatable sectors where humans retain a comparative advantage
over smart machines..

 This can lead to …

 Broadly similar overall rates of employment for human workers,
although with different distributions across industry sectors
and types of jobs than now.

 Higher average real income levels across the country as a whole

due to higher overall productivity

 More skewed income distribution with a greater proportion going to

those with the skills to thrive in an ever more digital economy – this
would put a premium not just on education levels when entering the
workforce, but also the ability to adapt over time and reskill
throughout a working life.
Can man and machine co-exist?
Is there a middle way in terms of
future of Jobs.
 The future of employment seems likely to rely on us finding
new things to do with these new technologies, using them in
new ways to create other avenues of pursuit and other mechanisms
of revenue generation. Increased automation is likely to lead to
the capacity for more production while employing fewer people.

 Artificial Intelligence, Robots and Automation will offer new

opportunities for human endeavour and new markets will follow.
We have good historical precedent for creating work we’d never
even imagined, built on the technology of the previous age.
 Collaboration – The middle way

Through collaboration, we will get more of what we do now done –

better, quicker and cheaper. In addition, these tools will be great
enablers of new opportunities and new markets. We will find new
things to explore that were previously not possible without these
technologies or collaborations. New types of businesses and new
economies will come to life.
 Why collaboration is more likely than takeover?
AIRA technologies have the potential to free us from many of the
tasks we don’t want to do, and to do new things that would be
impossible without them. Both of these let us develop and explore
new ways of living and working.

 A more cultured caring and individual world?

 Ironically the ‘rise of the robots’ might be the most humanising
thing we’ve ever done.
 Our efforts, personally and in business will be to connect more,
seeking out higher quality experiences together, through creating,
sharing, collaborating and exploring.
But what if these machines displace
more jobs than they really create?
We choose the Future!

 Will all truck drivers, accountants, lawyers, teachers, bakers,

IT installers, painters, archaeologists, surgeons, pharmacists
and basketball players be out of a job tomorrow? No.

 How we choose to use and deploy these technologies and what

we choose to do by working with them is the biggest influence
on how our future will turn out.
Governments can also play a Role.
 Governments, business and academia all have a responsibility to
prepare the current and future workforce for the imminent and
dramatic changes to come, and society as a whole has to buy
into this new industrial revolution.
 Look for ways to deliver benefits outside of
employment. “Flexicurity,” or flexible security, is one idea for
providing healthcare, education, and housing assistance whether
or not someone is formally employed.
 Providing a guaranteed basic income, and encouraging corporate
profit-sharing are some ideas that need to be considered in the
case of persistent unemployment.
Conclusion
 Technological developments are changing the world and the way we
work. Self-driving vehicles, 3D printers, and artificial intelligence
are providing new business opportunities, raising concerns that jobs
will be replaced with automated processes. However, mass-
unemployment has not been realised in the medium to long-term.
On the contrary, economic output and employment have risen
substantially in developed countries.
 My view remains that any time technology replaces people,
ultimately those people find something new to do, often in
collaboration with and thanks to the existence of those new
technologies.
 AIRA technologies have the potential to free us from many of the
tasks we don’t want to do, and to do new things that would be
impossible without them. Both of these let us develop and explore
new ways of living and working.