Li-Fi Technology

Introduction

 Li-Fi(Light fidility) is a wireless optical networking technology that uses light-

emitting diodes (LEDs) for data transmission.
 Li-Fi is designed to use LED light bulbs similar to those currently in use in many
energy-conscious homes and offices.
 Li-Fi data is transmitted by the LED bulbs and received by photoreceptors.
 Introduced by Professor Harald Haas, from the University of Edinburgh in the
UK, is widely recognised as the original founder of Li-Fi.
 He coined the term Li-Fi and is Chair of Mobile Communications at the
University of Edinburgh and co-founder of pure Li-Fi
 The first Li-Fi smart phone prototype was presented at the Consumer Electronics
Show in Las Vegas from January 7–10 in 2014.
 Li-Fi based system to transfer data from one computer to another.
 The main components of this communication system are high brightness LED which acts
as a communication source and silicon photodiode serving as the receiving element.
 The data from the sender is converted into intermediate data representation, i.e. byte
format and is then converted into light signals which are then emitted by the transmitter.
 The light signal is received by the photodiode at the receiver side. The reverse process
takes place at the destination computer to retrieve the data back from the received light.
 Working of LI-FI

 Operational procedure is very simple.

 If LED IS ON ,digital data ‘1’ is transmitted & if LED is OFF, digital data ‘0’ is
transmitted.
 LEDS varies in intensity so fast that a human eye cannot detect it.
 A controller connected at the back side of these LEDS is used to code data.
 Li-Fi is also called as 5G optical communication.
 Li-Fi system, is based on visible light communication, data is modulated
on the light source using modulation techniques like pulse position
modulation or frequency shift keying.
 In the receiver end demodulation is performed using pulse position
modulation technique to fetch the data back from the light source.
 CHARACTEISTICS

 It has standard IEEE 802.15

 The range is based on LED light
 The data transfer rate is greater than (> 1GBPS)
 Power consumption is low
 The cost of Li-Fi is high .
 It has high security .
 Applications

 RF Spectrum Relief  Underwater Communications

 Smart Lighting  Vehicles & Transportation

 Mobile Connectivity  RF Avoidance

 Hazardous Environments  Location Based Services (LBS)

 Hospital & Healthcare  Toys

 Aviation
 Advantages
 Higher speeds than Wi-Fi.
 10000 times the frequency spectrum of radio.
 More secure because data cannot be intercepted without a clear line of sight.
 Prevents piggybacking.
 Eliminates neighboring network interference.
 Unimpeded by radio interference.
 Does not create interference in sensitive electronics, making it better for use in
environments like hospitals and aircraft.
 Disadvantages

 Light can't pass through objects.

 A major challenge facing Li-Fi is how the receiving device will
transmit back to transmitter.
 High installation cost of the VLC systems
 Interferences from external light sources like sun, light, normal bulbs,
opaque materials .
 Conclusion

 By using Li-Fi in all the lights in and around a building, the technology
could enable greater area of coverage than a single Wi-Fi router.
Drawbacks to the technology include the need for a clear line of sight,
difficulties with mobility and the requirement that lights stay on for
operation.