Welding Inspector

Section 2

Terms & Definitions

 Terms and definitions
What is Brazing?

A process of joining generally applied to

metals in which, during or after heating,
molten filler metal is drawn, into or
retained in the space between closely
adjacent
Surfaces of the parts to be joined by
capillary attraction.
 Terms and definitions
What is Welding?
A welding is the science by which we can join 2 or more
materials by the help of pressure or heat or both of them in
such a way that their is continuity in the nature of the metal
between these parts.
Welding Positions
BRITISH AMERICAN

PA 1G / 1F Flat / Downhand

PB 2F Horizontal-Vertical

PC 2G Horizontal
PD 4F Horizontal-Vertical (Overhead)

PE 4G Overhead

PF 3G / 5G Vertical-Up

PG 3G / 5G Vertical-Down

H-L045 6G Inclined Pipe (Upwards)

J-L045 6G Inclined Pipe (Downwards)

Welding Positions
Welding position designation
Butt welds in plate (see ISO 6947)

Flat - PA Overhead - PE

Vertical
up - PF

Vertical Horizontal - PC
down - PG
 Welding position designation
Butt welds in pipe (see ISO 6947)

Vertical up - PF Vertical down - PG

Flat - PA axis: horizontal axis: horizontal
axis: horizontal pipe: fixed pipe: fixed
pipe: rotated

H-L045 J-L045 Horizontal - PC

axis: inclined at 45° axis: inclined at 45° axis: vertical
pipe: fixed pipe: fixed pipe: fixed
Welding position designation
Fillet welds on plate (see ISO 6947)

Flat - PA Horizontal - PB Overhead - PD

Vertical up - PF Vertical down - PG

 Welding position designation
Fillet welds on pipe (see ISO 6947)

Flat - PA Horizontal - PB Overhead - PD

axis: inclined at 45° axis: vertical axis: vertical
pipe: rotated pipe: fixed pipe: fixed

Horizontal - PB Vertical up - PF Vertical down - PG

axis: horizontal axis: horizontal axis: horizontal
pipe: rotated pipe: fixed pipe: fixed
Plate/Fillet Weld Positions

PA / 1G
PA / 1F
PF / 3G

PB / 2F
PC / 2G

PE / 4G PG / 3G
PD / 4F
 Pipe Welding Positions

PF / 5G PG / 5G
PA / 1G
Weld: Flat Weld: Vertical upwards Weld: Vertical Downwards
Pipe: rotated Pipe: Fixed Pipe: Fixed
Axis: Horizontal Axis: Horizontal Axis: Horizontal

45o 45o

PC / 2G
H-LO 45 / 6G J-LO 45 / 6G
Weld: Horizontal Weld: Upwards Weld: Downwards
Pipe: Fixed Pipe: Fixed Pipe: Fixed
Axis: Vertical Axis: Inclined Axis: Inclined
Travel Speed Measurement
Definition: the rate of weld progression
measured in case of mechanised and automatic welding
processes
in case of MMA can be determined using ROL and arc
time