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Chapter 2 Objectives
Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, 11/e Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-1 Binary to Decimal Conversion
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-1 Binary to Decimal Conversion
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-1 Binary to Decimal Conversion
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-1 Binary to Decimal Conversion
• Another example:
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-1 Binary to Decimal Conversion
Repeated
Division
Divide the decimal
number by 2.
Write the remainder
after each division
until a quotient of
zero is obtained.
The first remainder
is the LSB.
The last is the MSB.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-2 Decimal to Binary Conversion
Repeated
Division
This flowchart
describes the
process and can
be used to convert
from decimal to
any other number
system.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System
Relationships between
hexadecimal, decimal,
and binary numbers.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System – Hex to Decimal
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System – Decimal to Hex
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System – Decimal to Hex
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
• 1A7= 0001-1010-0111=110100111
• 110100111=110-100-111=647 (octa)
• 11 0111 0011=373 (hexa)
Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, 11/e Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System – Decimal to Hex
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System – Hex to Binary
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System – Binary to Hex
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System – Decimal to Hex to Binary
Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, 11/e Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System
To perform conversions
between hex & binary, it
is necessary to know the
four-bit binary numbers
(0000 - 1111), and their
equivalent hex digits.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-3 Hexadecimal Number System – Counting in Hex
Example:
38,39,3A,3B,3C,3D,3E,3F,40,41,42
When there is a 9 in a digit position, it
becomes an A when it is incremented.
Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, 11/e Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-4 BCD Code
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-4 BCD Code
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-4 BCD Code
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-4 BCD Code
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-4 BCD Code
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-5 The Gray Code
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-5 The Gray Code
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-5 The Gray Code
An eight-position,
three-bit shaft
encoder
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-6 Putting It All Together
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-7 The Byte, Nibble, and Word
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-8 Alphanumeric Codes
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-8 Alphanumeric Codes
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-9 Parity Method for Error Detection
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-9 Parity Method for Error Detection
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-9 Parity Method for Error Detection
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-9 Parity Method for Error Detection
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-9 Parity Method for Error Detection
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-10 Applications
Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, 11/e Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
2-10 Applications
Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, 11/e Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All rights reserved
END