Marine offshore structures

Following contents

1.Used construction materials

2.Design aspects
3.Allowable loads and stresses
4.Code specifications
Structural materials
Steel
Bolting materials .
Concrete
Aluminium
The AA 6005 and AA 6082 alloys shall be used for extrusions and thick plates and the AlMg-alloys for
thin plates.
Plastics and Synthetic Materials, Composites
Rock, Sand, and Asphaltic-Bituminous Materials
Rock is,of course, extensively used in coastal construction for seawalls,breakwaters, and revetments.
For offshore construction, it isused to protect the foundations of structures from scour, to protect
submarine pipelines from current-induced vibration, trawler boards, and impact, and to protect the
slopes of embankments from wave and current erosion.
Titanium
Titanium is the "ultimate" material for marine applications, due to its strength and freedom from
corrosion. However, it is very expensive. Titanium is used in critical marine installations which are
subject to rapid corrosion, e.g., saltwater ballast lines that are in frequent use. Titanium cladding was
 DESIGN ASPECTS OF MARINE OFFSHORE STRUCTURES
1. Distance and depth
2. Hydrostatic pressure and buoyancy
3. Stability
4. Strength
5. Type of material have good mechanical properties
6. Disturbance free from seismics earthquakes floods
7. Temperature
8. Currents
9. Waves and swells
10. Tides and storm surges
11. Sea ice and ice bergs
12. Tsunamis and storms
 Constructional sequences

Fabrication and Welding

Welding procedures should be prepared, detailing steel grades, joint/groove design, thickness range,
welding process, welding consumables, welding parameters, principal welding position,
preheating/working temperature, and postweld heat treatment. Stress-relieving is normally not required
for the range of wall thickness normally used in the jackets and piles of offshore jackets in moderate
environments such as the Gulf of Mexico, but is frequently required for the thicker members of large deck
structures and for the joints (nodes) of the thicker-walled jackets of North Sea platforms.
Erection of Structural Steel

For jacket and deck section columns, in any plane critical to field assembly, the horizontal distance from
the centerline of the adjacent columns should be within 6 mm (1.4 in.) of the design dimension.
Angles between corner columns should be within 1min of the design angle. Diagonals of rectangular
layouts should be within 18mm (3;4 in.) of each other. Alignment ofjacket columns should be maintained
within 6 mm (l,4 in.). For jacket and deck section bracing, all braces should be within 12mm (V2 in.) of the
design dimension. The deck beams and cap beams at their ends should also be within 12mm (1/2 in.) of
design position.
Construction Joints
Coatings
Tolerances
Forming and Support
 Used euipments in offshore construction field

1. Barges
2. Crane Barges
3. Offshore Derrick Barges (Fully Revolving)
4. Catamaran Barges
5. Semisubmersible Barges
6. Jack-up Construction Barges
7. Launch Barges
8. Offshore Dredges
9. Pipe-Laying Barges
10. Supply Boats
As a ocean engineer and architecture to design and develop a marine offshore structure by accordance of
design parameters
• Basic Motions in a Seaway
• Buoyancy, Draft, and Freeboard
• Archimedes principle
the displacement will be equal to the weight. Variations in the density of the water ,when weight is added to
structures to increase have density and chaning the displacement calculations
1. 2. Deflections and deformations of the structure:
2. 3. Tolerances in the underwater dimensions, and hence in the displaced volume
3. 4. Inaccuracies in calculation of ballast water and inadvertent drainage water
4. 5. Absorption of water, for example, into concrete
5. Stability
6. Damage control.