Philippine National AIDS Council

1
Philippine National AIDS Council

1 of 9
Increasing >25%
Bangladesh
Indonesia
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Georgia
Republic of Moldova
Guinea-Bissau
Source: UNAIDS Estimates
From 1 new HIV case every day in 2007…
...to 1 new HIV cases every hour in 2015
2015: 1 Filipino reported
to be infected
with HIV every hour
2014: 17 Filipinos reported to

be infected with HIV daily
2012: 9 Filipinos reported to be infected

with HIV each day
2009: 2 Filipinos reported to be infected with HIV each
day
2007: 1 Filipino reported to be infected with HIV each

day
The PHILIPPINES Current HIV Situation
31,911 reported HIV/AIDS cases (1984

– 2016 )
February 2016 – 751 cases

Total Cases Jan—June 2015 – 3,929
Total Cases Jan-December 2014 – 6,011
Total Cases Jan-December 2013 – 4,814
Total Cases 2012 – 3,338
Total Cases 2011– 2,349
•ALL 17 Regions are reporting HIV

cases
National Epidemiology Center - DOH

HIV/AIDS cases by municipality/city (n=45)
Municipality Jan-feb.-2016 1984-present
AIDS HIV AIDS HIV
Asymptomatic Asymptomatic
Bayugan 0 1 0 12
San Francisco 0 1 1 10
Prosperidad 0 1 1 5
Sta. Josefa 0 0 0 3
Trento 0 0 0 2
Bunawan 0 0 0 2
Rosario 0 0 0 1
Esperanza 0 0 0 1
San Luis 0 0 0 1
Veruela 0 0 0 1
Lapaz 0 0 0 1
Loreto 0 0 0 1
Unknown 0 0 1 2
Total 0 3 3 42
5
Distribution of Cases from
2010-feb. 2016
Year No. of Cases
2010 0
2011 3
2012 10
2013 4
2014 9
2015 16
2016 3
TOTAL 45
6
HIV /AIDS cases by sex (n=45)
Sex Jan- 1984-present
feb.2016
Female 0 1
Male 3 44
Total 3 45
7
HIV/AIDS cases by age group (n=45)
Age Group 1984-Feb.2016
<15 0
15-24 13
25-34 25
35-49 6
50 & older 1
Total 45
8
HIV/AIDS cases by mode of transmission (n=45)
Mode of Jan-feb 2016 1984-present
Transmission
Bisexual 0 14
Heterosexual 0 11
Homosexual 3 20
Total 3 45
9
HIV/AIDS cases among OFWs (n=2)
OFW Jan-Nov 1984-

2015 present
OFW 1 2
10
Profile of our PLHIV in CARAGA
• 93% are Males

• Age range 15-67 yrs old
• 73% identified themselves as
Homosexuals and Bisexuals
• 100% sexual mode of transmission
•12% are OFW’s
Who Have the Most at Risk Behaviors?
Most-at-Risk Definitions and the

Population (MARP) Risky Behaviors that they do
Sex workers Males or females who accept cash or things

in exchange for sex. They may be based in
establishments, streets, or contacted via
internet or cellphones. Having multi sex
partners; Not using condoms
Males who have sex with Males who have anal sex with other males
other males
Injecting drug Users Males or females who inject drugs or
substances through IV sharing used needles
with others
Clients of sex workers Males or females who pay to have sex with
sex workers – Multi sexual partners and not
using condoms during penetrative sex
This virus can only infect
human beings
The effect of the virus is to

create a deficiency (a failure
to work properly) within the
body’s immune system
This organism is a retro virus,

which means it can reproduce
itself by taking over the
machinery of the human cell
Source: UNAIDS. Training manual on HIV & AIDS for Catholic Church pastoral workers. Makati: UNAIDS. 2007.
14
Immune System- is a collection of cells
and substances that defend the body
against foreign substances.
impeksiyon
Bakterya
(Immune System)
The Immune System
Sakit
Sakit
impeksiyon
Sakit karamdam
an
Proteksyon
(Immune System)
HIV is a virus that infects the immune system and
our body loses the ability to fight infection.
HIV
HIV
CD4 T
HIV cell
Infectious agent:
HIV
Susceptible Reservoir:
host: Humans
Humans
Portal of ENTRY: Modes of transmission:

Lining of the vagina, Sex Portal of EXIT:
rectum, and opening of the Injection Drug Use Blood
urethra in males; Mother to Child Semen
Wounds or breaks in the Other transfer of body Vaginal Fluid
skin fluid Breast milk
18
Source of illustration: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF
19
► Blood transfusion from
an HIV-infected donor
Source: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF & sharing of infected
syringes and needles
20
From an
HIV-
infected
mother to
her child
►natural ► breast-
► During delivery feeding
pregnancy Source of illustrations: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF
21
4 Four Body Fluids Known To Transmit HIV
BLOOD
SEMEN
VAGINAL/CERVI
CAL FLUIDS
Breast
milk
ACQUIRED The infection may be transmitted from
one person to another
IMMUNE The immune system is compromised
The body can no longer fight off

DEFICIENCY infections; individual may suffer from
two or more opportunistic infections
SYNDROME A person experiences a collection of

symptoms which could be fatal
Source:
UNAIDS. Training manual on HIV & AIDS for Catholic Church pastoral workers.
23
Status of
Immune
System INTRODUCTION OF
TREATMENT (OI/ARV)
HIV
AIDS DEATH
Condition
HIV
0
Infection
Asymptomatic Stage Symptomatic Stage

Window period No signs and symptoms With signs and symptoms
(3 wks – 3 mos)
Can infect others 24
What is HIV Infection
 Successful entry of HIV in the

bloodstream
 Lifelong Infection
 Asymptomatic Stage
It is an infection or malignancy that
attacks the body by taking advantage of
an immune system that has been
severely weakened by an advanced HIV
infection
Source: Avert.org
26
Lung
infection
(ex. TB)
Swollen lymph
Fungal infections nodes
Kaposi’s
sarcoma,
Photos from World Vision,
shingles
COH
27
 Casual contacts (sharing food and
utensils, shaking hands, hugging or kissing,
coughing, sneezing, using public phone,
visiting a hospital)
 Feces, urine, saliva, sweat, tears
 Sharing toilets
 Insect bites
 Swimming
pools
Sources of illustrations: DOH, Remedios AIDS
Foundation, UNICEF; UNODC
28
How can I
protect myself
from HIV?
29
BSTINENCE: Do not have sex. In the case
of adolescents, delaying sexual debut (age
of first sexual encounter) will help.
E monogamous: Have ONE sexual
partner
orrect and consistent use of ONDOM
and safer sex practices
O NOT inject drugs
ducation & arly detection
30
WV-COH
Slide (S2.2) 26 31
HIV-positive women can still give
birth to HIV-negative babies if they
follow certain precautions:
► Take ARVs during pregnancy

► Deliver the baby thru caesarian
operation
► Use infant formula instead of
breast milk
32
♠ Drug use and excessive alcohol intake can impair
an individual’s decision-making process, putting
him/her in a situation where infection may occur.
♠ The risk of HIV transmission can be reduced if

individuals would change their risky behaviors
and practices.
♠ Education is important. People should be provided

with correct, accurate, and reliable information on
how they can protect themselves from HIV.
33
HIV Test Results…
WHO
How can GETS
Is there
WHO
HIV a cure? HIV?
Positive,can
WHO GETS HIV?
Negative,
beGETS orHIV?
Indeterminate
transmitted?
IT’S NOT
oral)IT’S WHO
with anNOT
x
Sex: Having unprotecd sex (anal, vaginal, or
There is noYOU
cureARE…
for HIV or
WHOperson.
HIV-infected YOU ARE…
Indeterminate…
If it’s NEGATIVE… AIDS If it’s POSITIVE…
Needles: Antiretroviral
Sharing needlesmedication
or injection are available to
equipment with an injection
prolong drug userthe quality of life
and improve
who isThere are no HIV
infected with HIV. forNeed to The HIV antibodies are
antibodies detected
many individuals. present
Re-Test for HIV
Mother-to-Child: A pregnant women •It does not mean the
can transmit HIV to child before person has AIDS
But IT’S
WAIT! WHAT YOU DO!
or during birth.
The person is infected, but •A positive person can
IT’S WHAT YOU DO!
the body has not produced
Blood
enough & Blood to
antibodies Products:
show up
infect others
If it’s POSITIVE… work with your doct
on the test
and discuss further testing, treatmen
How will i
know if i
am HIV
positive?
35
A person’s HIV
status can only be
determined
through HIV
antibody testing
(FREE)
Source: Microsoft, Clipart
36
♠ Social hygiene clinics
♠ DOH-licensed OFW clinics
♠ DOPMH, Rosario RHU, TRENTO,
BAYUGAN CITY
♠ Treatment hubs (ex. PGH, San Lazaro
Hospital, RITM, BMC, SPMC, DOPMH)
37
What if I
test
positive?
38
♠ Seek early medical treatment
♠ Adopt a healthy lifestyle and
positive attitude.
39
 Regular blood test to determine CD4 count
and viral load
 Provision of anti-retroviral drugs

 Treatment of opportunistic infections
40
41
“Sarah Jane Salazar”
Marissa Reynon - 25
(1975 – June 11, 2000)
second Filipino to go public
with HIV at age 19 in 1994.
With 2 kids from .Both kids are
NEGATIVE.
Rodel Naval - 45
February 16, 1953 - June 11, 1995
Died of pneumonia (AIDS – Related)
Popularized the song and
“Lumayo kaman sa Akin” & “MULI”
Anika and Mia – Symbols of Hope
DAGHANG
SALAMAT

Philippine National AIDS Council

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1

Philippine National AIDS Council

2014: 17 Filipinos reported to

2012: 9 Filipinos reported to be infected

2007: 1 Filipino reported to be infected with HIV each

31,911 reported HIV/AIDS cases (1984

February 2016 – 751 cases

•ALL 17 Regions are reporting HIV

National Epidemiology Center - DOH

OFW Jan-Nov 1984-

• 93% are Males

Most-at-Risk Definitions and the

Sex workers Males or females who accept cash or things

The effect of the virus is to

This organism is a retro virus,

Portal of ENTRY: Modes of transmission:

IMMUNE The immune system is compromised

The body can no longer fight off

SYNDROME A person experiences a collection of

Asymptomatic Stage Symptomatic Stage

 Successful entry of HIV in the

► Take ARVs during pregnancy

♠ The risk of HIV transmission can be reduced if

♠ Education is important. People should be provided

 Provision of anti-retroviral drugs

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