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`November 2009
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   3
J a e main repository of an organization
istorical data, it corporate memory
J It contains t e raw material for management¶s
decision support system
 |

 3
nowledge Discovery)
J a e process of analyzing data from different
perspectives and summarizing it into useful
information
Œ


 In t e late 1980s to early 1990s distinct computer
databases were created
 a ese databases were designed to meet t e data
analysis needs t at Operational Systems were
failing to support
 Operational Systems failed for many reasons:
J Long report generation time
J Inability to andle loads and not optimized
J Many organizations ad multiple Operation Systems
w ic was a reporting nig tmare
J Custom applications were required for reporting
w ic slowed reporting and increased costs
D  |
 

 Make information easily accessible
 Provide endless views and combinations
of data
è  | )
 ‰uery results returned wit minimal wait
time
 Be adaptive and resilient to c ange
 Designed wit t e correct users in mind

business users and management)
 eep information secure but allow access
to insiders
 
 Problems wit Data Acquisition may arise
 80% of t e time building a data
ware ouse will be spent on extracting,
cleaning, and loading data
 Errors wit data can be rampant:
J Incomplete Data
missing fields)
J Incorrect Data
wrong calculations)
J Readability Issues
strange formatting)
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|

 

 

 
 
 A Bill Inmon
J a e data ware ouse is but one part of
t e    
   system
J An enterprise as one data ware ouse
and data marts source t eir
information from it.
J Uses 3rd Normal Form to store
information in t e database
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 |

 

 |   A Ralp imball

J Data ware ouse is t e conglomerate of
all data marts wit in t e enterprise
J Uses Star or Snowflake sc ema to
emulate a multiAdimensional database
J Overall information is NOa normalized
in t e database
a


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3
J A data mart is a subset of data from t e data
ware ouse, typically used w en t e broad scope of
t e data ware ouse isn¶t needed
J Business departments commonly create, use, and
alter t eir own data marts.

 ÿ   
 3
J a e amount and level of data broug t in to t e data
ware ouse during acquisition
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 |    3
J A table wit a singleApart primary key
and descriptive attribute columns.
J Describes t e business entities of an
enterprise, represented as ierarc ical,
categorical information suc as time,
departments, locations, and products
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  
   3
J A table wit numeric performance
measures
metrics) c aracterized by a
composite key
J a e elements for t e composite key
come from t e foreign keys from a
dimensional table


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J Detting ³Useful Information´ out of a
large amount of ³Data´
     
J Detting ³Business Intelligence´ out of a
large amount of ³Information´
 W at is t e difference between
³Business Intelligence´ and
³Information´?
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 Predict t e future trends and

be aviors using t e past information
J Prospective analysis
o
 |




 Œeuristic in nature
J Capable of finding 

 
users would never t ink of

  is t e key tec nology to find
patterns
 SelfAguiding
· 

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 nown nown nown



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Build a model based on known combinations

of static and dynamic information to see if it
indicates t e result of a dynamic information
in t e future.
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 ³Diaper and Beer´

 VISA
J Fraud Detection
 Blockbuster Entertainment
J Personalized Recommendation
 Suppliers to WalAmart
J Sales prediction
 NBA aeams
J Strategy analysis
Data Ware ouse

Data Mart

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