STABILIZATION OF SOIL USING RICE

HUSK ASH AND CEMENT

Presented by :

CH. Raghavender 1608-14-732-001

CH. Sandeep Rao 1608-14-732-004
S. Sai Raja 1608-14-732-022
M. Priyanka 1608-14-732-047
M. Pranitha 1608-14-732-309
Dept. Of Civil Engineering
Under the guidance of
Mrs M.SRIVIDYA (Asst.Prof.)

Dept. Of Civil Engineering

MATRUSRI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

SAIDABAD,HYERABAD-500059
 overview

• Soil stabilization
• Need for soil stabilization
• Different techniques of soil stabilization
• Soil cement stabilization
• Factors affecting soil cement stabilization
• Rice husk ash
• Sample preparation
• Experimental study
• Engineering properties
 SOIL STABILIZATION

•The soil stabilization means the improvement of stability or

bearing power of the soil by the use of controlled compaction,
proportioning and/or the addition of suitable admixture or
stabilizers.

Basic Principles of Soil Stabilization

• Evaluating the properties of given soil
• Deciding the lacking property of soil and choose
effective and economical method of soil stabilization
• Designing the Stabilized soil mix for intended stability
and durability values
 NEED FOR SOIL STABILIZATION

• Limited Financial Resources to Provide a complete network

Road System to build in conventional method
• Effective utilization of locally available soils and other
suitable stabilizing agents.
• Encouraging the use of Industrial Wastages in building low
cost construction of roads.
 Different techniques of soil stabilization

1. Mechanical stabilization
2. Chemical stabilization
3. Physical stabilization
 1.Mechanical stabilization

• In this technique mechanical energy is used (rollers, plate

compactors, tampers etc.) To improve the soil properties by
compaction.
• Preferably for construction of embankments for roads ,
railways etc.
• Mechanical stability depends upon the degree of
compaction is done at optimum water content.
 2.Chemical stabilization

 In this technique some additives are added

to improve the soil properties.

i. Rice husk ash stabilization.

ii. Cement stabilization.
iii. lime stabilization.
iv. Bitumen stabilization.
v. Resin stabilization .
 3.Physical stabilization

 In this technique more than two or three soils are blended

to improve the physical properties of weak soils.

i. Soil aggregate mixture.

ii. Soil clay mixture.
iii. Sand gravel mixture.
iv. Stabilization of soil with soft aggregates.
 SOIL CEMENT STABILIZATION

• Soil Cement is an intimate mix of soil, cement and

water, compacted to form a strong base course
• cement is used in small proportions to impart some
strength
• Soil Cement can be used as a sub-base or base
course for all types of Pavements
 Factors affecting soil cement stabilization

• Soil
• Cement
• Pulverization and Mixing
• Compaction
• Curing
• Additives
SOIL

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• Particle Size Distribution.

• Clay content.
• Soil should be free from inorganic substances.
• Liquid limit and Plasticity Index.
cement
A increase in cement content generally causes increase
in strength and durability
Pulverization and Mixing

Better the Pulverization and degree of mixing, higher

is the strength
Presence of un pulverized dry lumps reduces the
strength

Compaction

By increasing the amount of compaction dry density

of the mix, strength and durability also increases
Curing

Adequate Moisture content is to be retained in order

to accelerate the strength.

Additives

There are some additives to improve properties

1.Lime
2.Sodium hydroxide
3.Sodium Carbonate
4.Calcium Chloride
 Design of Soil –Cement Mix

• Soil – Cement specimens are prepared with

various cement contents in constant volumes
moulds
• The compressive strength of these specimens
tested after 7 days of curing
• A graph is plotted Cement content Vs compressive
strength
• The Cement Content Corresponding to a strength
of 17.5 kg/cm2 is taken as design cement content
 Rice husk ash (RHA)

• Rice husk ash is a agriculture waste which is produced in

millions of tons. Rice husk ash (RHA) is obtained by the
combustion of rice husk.
• It consists of non crystalline silicon dioxide (sio2) with high
surface area and high pozzolanic reactivity.
• The RHA can be found as natural materials, by products or
industrial wastes.
• Chemical properties so closer to micro silica, silica fime.
 How RHA produced

• Chemical composition of RHA are affected due to

burning process and temperature.

• RHA is produced by burning rice husk between 600

to 700 degree celcius temperature for 2 hours.
 Physical properties of RHA

S.NO. PARTICULARS PROPERTIES

1 Color Gray

2 Shape texture Irregular

3 Mineralogy Non crystalline

4 Particle size < 45 micron

5 Odour odourless

6 Specific gravity 2.3

7 Appearance Very fine

 Chemical properties of RHA

S.NO. PARTICULARS PROPORTION IN %

1 Silicon dioxide 86.94

2 Aluminum oxide 0.2

3 Iron oxide 0.1

4 Calcium oxide 0.3 - 2.2

5 Magnesium oxide 0.2 - 0.6

6 Sodium oxide 0.1 -0.8

7 Potassium oxide 2.15 -2.30

 Sample Preparation:

•The pulverized soil sample was first sieved through the required
sieve for a particular test.
• The required quantum soil was weighed out for the test.
• The material to be added to the soil was also sieved through
the required sieve, for the particular test and then the required
quantum was weighed out on the weight basis as per the
percentage to be added to the soil for test.
• The soil and the material were then mixed together in dry
conditions thoroughly before testing.
•The mixed sample was then used for performing the various
tests.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY:
To study the effect of Rice Husk Ash on soil, the various
proportions like 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 80% were
mixed with natural soil. And laboratory tests were conducted
to study the index and engineering properties.
Index properties tests:
The various index properties test like
1. Specific gravity test
2. Liquid limit test
3. Plastic limit test
4. Standard proctor compaction test
 Specific Gravity (G) Test
G= weight of soil sample (W2-W1)
Weight of equal volume of water
((W4-W1)-(W3-W2))
It Is measured by density bottle method
W1=empty bottle weight
W2=bottle with sample
W3=bottle with sample and water
W4=bottle with water
 liquid limit:

•It is the minimum water content at which soil is still in

liquid state but possessing a small shear strength and
exhibiting some resistance to flow.
•It is determined by Casagrande apparatus.
•The graph is plotted for number of blows on x axis and
water content on y axis.
•The water content obtained at
25 blows is stated as liduid limit
Plastic limit

• It is a minimum water content at which soil just begin to

crumble when rolled into a thread of approximately 3mm
diameter
Standard proctor compaction test
• The standard proctor compaction test is a laboratory
method of experimentally determining the optimum
moisture content (OMC) at which a given soil type will
become most dense and achieve maximum dry density
(MDD).
• A graph is plotted between
Dry density & water content and
the MDD is obtained.
• The water content corresponding
to MDD is called OMC.
Engineering properties tests:

The various Engineering properties test like

1. Direct Shear test
2.California Bearing Ratio test
were conducted on natural soil and soil with various proportions
like 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 80% of Rice Husk Ash.
 Graphs

•Variation of RHA with liquid limit and shrinkage limit.

•Variation of RHA with MDD & OMC.
•Variation of RHA with soaked and unsoaked CBR
values.
Thank you