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UNDERSTANDING SELF

Prof. Aparna Kanchan


Self-Concept

 Self-concept is an individual’s perception


of self and is what helps make each
individual unique.
 Positive and negative self-assessments
in the physical, emotional, intellectual,
and functional dimensions change over
time.
 Self-concept affects the ability to function
and greatly influences health status.
Dimensions of Self-Concept

 Self-knowledge — “Who am I?”


 Self-expectation — “Who or what do I want
to be?”
 Social self – How person perceived by
others?
 Self-evaluation — “How well do I like
myself?”
Self knowledge

 Global self: is the term used to describe the


composite of all basic facts, qualities, traits,
images and feelings one holds about oneself.
 It includes:
1. Basic facts: sex, age, race, occupation, cultural
background, sexual orientation
2. Person’s position with social groups
3. Qualities or traits that describe typical
behaviours, feelings, moods and other
characteristics (generous, hot-headed ,
ambitious, intelligent, sexy
Self expectations

 Expectations for self flow from various


sources.
 The ideal self constitutes the self one
want to be.
 Self expectations develop unconsciously
early in childhood and are based on
image of role models such as parents
Self evaluation

 Self esteem is the evaluative and


affective component of self concept
 Maslow’s Subsets of Esteem Needs:
1. Self-esteem (strength, achievement,
mastery, competence, ..)
2. Respect needs or the need for esteem
from others
Components of Self-Concept

 Identity
 Body image
 Self-esteem
 Role performance
Interrelationship of Components
of Self-Concept
Components of Self-Concept

 A sense of personal identity is what sets


one person apart as a unique individual.
 Identity includes a person’s name,
gender, ethnic identity, family status,
occupation, and roles.
 One’s personal identity begins to develop
during childhood and is constantly
reinforced and modified throughout life.
Components of Self-Concept

 Body image is an attitude about one’s


physical attributes and characteristics,
appearance, and performance.
 Body image is dynamic because any
change in body structure or function,
including the normal changes of growth
and development, can affect it.
Components of Self-Concept

 Self-Ideal is the perception of behavior


based on personal standards and self-
expectations.
 Self-ideal serves as an internal regulator
to support self-respect and self-esteem.
Components of Self-Concept

 Self-esteem is the judgment of personal


performance compared with the self-
ideal.
 Self-esteem is derived from a sense of
giving and receiving love, and being
respected by others.
Components of Self-Concept

 Role refers to a set of expected


behaviors determined by familial, cultural,
and social norms.
 The level of self-esteem is dependent
upon the self-perception of adequate role
performance in these various social
roles.
Development of Self-Concept

 Self-concept evolves throughout life and


depends to an extent on an individual’s
developmental level.
Formation of Self-Concept

1. Infant learns physical self different from


environment.
2. If basic needs are met, child has positive
feelings of self.
3. Child internalizes others people’s attitudes
toward self.
4. Child or adult internalizes standards of
society.
Factors Affecting Self-Concept

 Altered Health Status


 Experience
 Developmental considerations
 Culture
 Internal and external resources
 History of success and failure
 Crisis or life stressors
 Aging, illness, or trauma
THANK YOU

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