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ENGR 221
February 17, 2003
Lecture Goals
6 in.
tan
1
26.565o
12 in.
TCD
Equilibrium –Problem
Look at equilibrium
x Ax CD
F R T cos 26.565o
125 lb 0
RAx TCD cos 26.565o 125 lb
y Ay CD
F R T sin 26.565o
40 lb 60 lb 80 lb 0
RAy TCD sin 26.565o 20 lb
Equilibrium – RAy
RAx
Problem
Take the moment about A
TCD
A
M 0 TCD cos 26.565o
6 in. 40 lb 4 in.
60 lb 8 in. 80 lb 12 in.
TCD cos 26.565o 6 in. 320 lb-in
TCD 59.628 lb
Equilibrium – RAy
RAx
Problem
Take the moment about A
TCD
RAx
59.628 lb cos 26.565o 125 lb
71.667 lb
RAy 59.628 lb sin 26.565o 20 lb
6.667 lb
Equilibrium in 3-Dimensions
In two dimensions, the equations are solved
using the summation of forces in the x, y and z
directions and the moment equilibrium includes
moment components in the x, y and z directions.
F x 0 F y 0 F z 0
M x 0 M y 0 M z 0
Trusses -Definition
Trusses are structures
composed entirely of two
force members . They
consists generally of
triangular sub-element and
are constructed and
supported so as to prevent
any motion.
Frames -Definition
Frames are structures that
always contain at least one
member acted on by forces
at three or more points.
Frames are constructed and
supported so as to prevent
any motion. Frame like
structures that are not fully
constrained are called
machines or mechanisms.
Truss
Planar Trusses - lie in a
single plane and all
applied loads must lie in
the same plane.
Truss
Space Trusses - are structures that are not
contained in a single plane and/or are loaded out
of the plane of the structure.
Truss
There are four main assumptions made in the
analysis of truss
1 Truss members are connected together at their
ends only.
2 Truss are connected together by frictionless
pins.
3 The truss structure is loaded only at the joints.
4 The weights of the members may be neglected.
Simple Truss
The basic building block of a
truss is a triangle. Large truss
are constructed by attaching
several triangles together A
new triangle can be added
truss by adding two members
and a joint. A truss
constructed in this fashion is
known as a simple truss.
Simple Truss
It has been observed that the analysis of truss
can be done by counting the number member
and joints on the truss to determine the truss is
determinate, unstable or indeterminate.
Simple Truss
A truss is analysis by using m=2*j-3, where m is
number of members, j represents the number of
joints and 3 represents the external support
reactions.
Simple Truss
If m< 2j-3, then the truss is unstable and will
collapse under load.
In three dimensions,
Fz 0
Method of Joints –Example
Using the method of
joints, determine the
force in each member of
the truss.
Method of Joints –Example
Draw the free body
diagram of the truss and
solve for the equations
F x 0 Cx
Cx 0 lb
F y 0 2000 lb 1000 lb E Cy
E Cy 3000 lb
Method of
Joints –
Example
Solve the moment about C
4
Fy 0 5 FAD 2000 lb
FAD 2500 lb FAD 2500 lb C
3 3
Fx 0 5 FAD FAB 5 2500 lb FAB
FAB 1500 lb FAB 1500 lb T
Method of
Joints –
Example
Look at joint D
4 4 4 4
Fy 0 5 FAD 5 FDB 5 2500 lb 5 FDB
FDB 2500 lb FDB 2500 lb T
3 3
Fx 0 5 FAD 5 FDB FDE
3 3
2500 lb 2500 lb FDE
5 5
FDE 3000 lb FDE 3000 lb C
Method of
Joints –
Example
Look at joint B 4 4
y
F 0
5
FBD
5
FBE 1000 lb
4 4
2500 lb FDE 1000 lb
5 5
FDE 3750 lb FDE 3750 lb C
3 3
x
F 0
5
FBD FBA
5
FBE FBC
3 3
2500 lb 1500 lb 3750 lb FBC
5 5
FBC 5250 lb FDE 5250 lb T
Method of
Joints –
Example
Look at joint E 4 4
y
F 0
5
FEB
5
FEC 10000 lb
4 4
3750 lb FDE 10000 lb
5 5
FEC 8750 lb FEC 8750 lb C
3 3
x
F 0
5
FEB FED
5
FEC
3 3
3750 lb 3000 lb FEC
5 5
FEC 8750 lb FEC 8750 lb C
Method of
Joints –
Example
Look at joint C to check
the solution 4
y
F 0
5
FCE 7000 lb
4
8750 lb 7000 lb 0 OK!
5
3
x
F 0
5
FCE FCB Cx
3
8750 lb 5250 lb 0 0
5
Method of Joints –Class Problem
Fx 0 RAx
RAx 0 kN
RAx
L
Fy 0 RAy
L RAy 20 kN
Method of
Sections –
Example
RAx
Solve for the L
moment at A. RAy
M A 6 kN 5 m 6 kN 10 m 6 kN 15 m
1 kN 20 m 1 kN 25 m L 30 m
L 7.5 kN
RAy 12.5 kN
Method of Sections – Example
lHI 5.333 m
8m
tan 1 28.1o
15 m
Method of
Sections –
Example
The free-body diagram of
the cut on the right side.
5 m
tan 1 133.2 o
5.333 m
Method of
Sections –
Example
Take the moment at L
L
M 1 kN
5 m 1 kN 10 m GH
F cos 43.2 o
15 m