Presented By:

S. Naseema (168U1A0439)
S. Keerthana (168U1A043)
BRANCH:E.C.E
Contents:
 Introduction
 Hardware Description
 Sensors Employed
 Overview of the system
 Deployment platform
 Testing and evaluation
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
 Landmines and unexploded ordnance(UXO)are a legacy of
war , insurrection and guerilla activity.
 Current demining techniques are heavily reliant on metal
detectors and prodders.
 Technologies are used for landmine detection are:
a. Metal detectors
b. Nuclear magnetic resonance
c. Thermal imaging and electro optical sensors
d. Biological sensors
e. Chemical sensors.
 Here we will concentrate on Ground Penetrating
Radar(GPR).
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
The impulse GPR system developed in the IRCTR.
 Impulse GPR system comprises :
a. Impulse generator
b. Transmitter
c. Receiver
d. Pulse extender
e. A/D converter
f. Processor
g. Visual display
SENSORS EMPLOYED
 The widespread use of plastic landmine necessitates
development and deployment of additional detection
technologies.
 GROUND PENETRATING RADAR:
a. GPR has been used for nearly 70 years for a variety of
geophysical subsurface imaging applications.
b. GPR is quite effective in detecting both metal and plastic
landmines in a variety of soils.
c. GPR systems have been employed in Army-sponsored
research programs.
d. Because of ATR algorithm employed by impulse-based GPR
systems typically detect the landmine targets in GEO-
CENTERS.
OVERVIEW OF THE SYSTEM
 The GPR system uses bi static bow-tie antennas which transmits
wideband , ultra short duration pulses.
 B SCAN:
• A scan shows the presence of mine but we cannot expect the exact
target.
• B scan or Radar gram is used to visualize the target of surrogate
mine.
• B scan calculating the distance from the soil to the mine.
 A SCAN:
• A scan and B scan is used for laboratory analysis.
• A return at a certain position along the distance axis is called A
scan.
• A scan is a method for detecting the presence and absence of
surrogate mine in a clay soil.
DEPLOYMENT PLATFORM
Us army handheld standoff mine detection system
that is a self propelled cart with GPR system.
As technological development for landmine detection
tends to be a vehicular based system
This vehicle comprises a pulse generator, transmitter,
receiver, pulse extender , A/D converter , processor
and a visual display.
This system is very useful to the war places . This
vehicle is self propelled ,so it can make easy detection.
TESTING AND EVALUATION
In the testing of constructed mine lines, landmines are
live because certain detection technologies such as
Quadrople Resonance rely on the detection of the
actual explosive charge.
GPR system typically need a calibration or time
alignment and infrared cameras.
When acceptable performance is achieved on the
calibration lane , the contractor is ready to run the
blind scored section of the lane.
ADVANTAGES
GPR has accurate measurements.
GPR locates even small targets.
It has been well founded by the defense.
GPR has been tested in different environmental
conditions.
Biological sensors can only operated for limited
periods , but in GPR has no such limits.
GPR operates by detecting the dielectric soils which
allows it to locate even no metallic mines.
DISADVANTAGES
The sensor such has GPR is larger and heavier.
GPR is more power hungry.
GPR can suffer falls alarm rates as high as metal
detectors.
CONCLUSION
Impulse GPR system is using for detecting anti-tank
and anti-personal mines.
Anti-tank mines are using for destroying the vehicles
and Anti-personal mines which are designed to kill the
maim people.
Currently very little technology is used in real-world
demining activities.
Through iterative design, build test cycles , blind and
scored testing at Army mine lanes, steady progress is
being made.