TIII:

Unclassified
4 Hour Conference, W/ 7Hr PE1
Safety & Environmental Impact is “LOW”

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TIII: SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER

Action: Given a schematic diagram, answer

questions pertaining to Ckt operation,
Transmitter & Receiver group concepts
and signal tracing procedures.
Condition: W/O References.
Standard: Answer 7 of 10 written questions
correctly as well as troubleshoot &
locate a malfunction W/in 20 minutes.
20 seconds

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TIII: SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER

All electronic communications both in

defense as well as the private sector are
centered around the very basic transmitter &
receiver groups.
This lesson will concentrate on the
Receiver group w/ an overview in a block
diagram of the transmitter group.

Overview

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Overview;

WLW KLT
AM ; Amplitude Modulated Cincinnati Pittsburg
OH. Pa.

The FCC, Federal

Communications Commission
grants all License, & call letter
designations. 3 call letter
stations were grandfathered in
due to there existence before FM; Frequency Modulated
the establishment of the FCC in
1932. Transmitter Group

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TRANSMITTER GROUP; OSCILLATOR

OSCILLATOR
1000 KHZ CW

TRANSMITTER – Generates a continuous wave (CW) carrier frequency with

an additional signal intelligence impressed upon it, thus becoming an
Amplitude Modulated (AM) signal. Once powered up the AM signal is put on
the air as transmission RF waves via an antenna.

Modulator

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TRANSMITTER GROUP; MODULATOR

Modulator
OSCILLATOR
or
1000 KHZ CW
Mixer

TRANSDUCER
{Microphone}

A. Input acquired from OSCILLATOR (1000 KHZ)

B. A 2nd signal from transducer is mixed with 1000 CW to produce and
Amplitude Modulated (AM) signal or Carrier Transmission.
PWR Amp

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TRANSMITTER GROUP; POWER AMPLIFIER

A. Power Amplifier Boosts the AM signal up and applies it to the Antenna.

B. The AM – RF energy is transferred to the atmosphere in the form of Radio
Frequency (RF) radiation.
Dear Ma

Modulator
OSCILLATOR
or
1000 KHZ CW
Mixer Hometown
USA

TRANSDUCER

Dear Ma

POWER AMPLIFIER
Receiver

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RECEIVER GROUP; ANTENNA

Hometown Antenna (aerial)

USA

Is the device that intercepts the AM

RF RADIATION electromagnetic radiation waves. As the
waves pass and are cut by the aerial,
small amounts of current
will be induced upon it.

USPS

Tuner

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RECEIVER GROUP; TUNER

A: Selects one signal from the many on the aerial by tuning

a Parallel LC Tank circuit to resonate @ 1000 KHZ.

B: The tuner is capable of tuning-in all the AM frequencies

with in the AM spectrum of 540 KHZ – 1610 KHZ.

ANTENNA C: The selected frequency of 1000 KHZ is applied to the

converter or mixer.

TUNER
1000 KHZ

Hometown
USA

Tuner PC 38

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RECEIVER GROUP; PC Antenna & Tuner.

PC 38
5 O
R4 1 K
Antenna
6

R1
Tuner
47 K 3 7

T1 T2 T3
2 Q1

C1 A
C3
4
.01 f
R2 R3
6.2 K 22 K

C1 B
1

Local Osc

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RECEIVER GROUP; Local Oscillator [LO]

Hometown
USA

TUNER
1000 KHZ CONVERTER
or
LOCAL OSCILLATOR MIXER
1455 KHZ

1. The LO Signal output is always the Tuner Frequency,

Plus 455 KHz Regardless of what AM signal is tuned.
2. It is tuned simultaneously with the RF Tuner.
3. The output would be 1000 + 455 = 1455 KHZ CW.
4. The output of 1455 KHZ is sent to the Converter or Mixer.

PC 38, LO

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RECEIVER GROUP; Local Oscillator [LO]

PC 38
5 O
R4 1 K
Antenna
6

R1
Tuner
47 K 3 7

T1 T2 T3
2 Q1

C1 A
C3
4
.01 f
R2 R3
LO 6.2 K 22 K

C1 B
1

Converter / Mixer

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RECEIVER GROUP; Converter / Mixer

F1
1000 KHZ
RF TUNER RF
1000 KHZ Hometown
USA
F2
1455 KHZ
CONVERTER LO
or
MIXER F2+f1
2455 KHZ
SUM
LO
1455 KHZ f2-f1
455 KHZ
DIFFERENCE

The 1000 KHZ from the Tuner is heterodyned with INTERMEDIATE

a 2nd signal from the Local Oscillator [1455 KHz] to FREQUENCY
produce 4 different output frequencies. (IF)

PC 38, Mixer

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RECEIVER GROUP; Converter / Mixer

PC 38
5 O

Converter R4 1 K
Antenna
455
6
KHz
R1
Tuner
47 K 3 7

T1 T2 T3
2 Q1

C1 A
C3
4
.01 f
R2 R3
LO
6.2 K 22 K

C1 B
1

IF Amp

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RECEIVER GROUP; IF Amplifier

CONVERTER
RF TUNER
1000 KHZ
or IF Amplifier
MIXER 455 KHZ

Ma
USA
LO
1455 KHZ
PC 38 PC 39

IF amplifier has the most receiver gain and is made up of 2 cascaded

high gain amplifiers tuned to 455 KHZ.

Sensitivity and bandwidth [T4 & 5] are determined by this stage.

The [IF] output is sent to the detector (demodulator).

PC 39, IF Amps

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RECEIVER GROUP; IF Amplifiers

PC 39 1st IF Amp 2nd IF Amp Detector

O

R5 R7 R8
C4 56 K 10 K 47 K R 11 2.7 K
10 f
10 13 17
38 D1
card
T3 s
R 13
T4 T5
100 K
C8

Test C 11
.05 f
9 Q2 12 Q3
R 12 15
5 K
11 14
Operate C6
10
f R6 C7 R9 C9 R10 C10

Detector

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RECEIVER GROUP; DETECTOR OR DEMODULATOR

CONVERTER
RF TUNER
or IF amplifier
1000 KHZ
MIXER 455 KHZ AM

LO Detector
1455 KHZ
PC 38 PC 39 Ma
USA
Your
Favorite
Son
455 AM Rectified Filtered

Rectifies the modulated signal, then filters out the 455 KHz
Leaving only the audio frequency or intelligence of 50 Hz – 20 KHz
Which is sent to the AF amplifiers.
PC 39 Detector

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RECEIVER GROUP; DETECTOR or DEMODULATOR

PC 39 1st IF Amp 2nd IF Amp Detector

O

R5 R7 R8
Detector
C4 56 K 10 K 47 K R11 2.7 K
10 f
10 13 17
38 D1
card
T4 T5
T3 s
R 13
100 K
C8 Filter

Test C 11
.05 f
9 Q2 12 Q3
R 12 15
5 K
C6
11 14
Operate 10
f
R6 C1 R9 C9 R10 C10
8

AGC

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RECEIVER GROUP; AVC or AGC

CONVERTER
RF TUNER
or IF Amplifier
1000 KHZ
MIXER 455 KHZ AM

Detector
LO
1455 KHZ
AVC or AGC
PC 38 PC 39

Automatic Volume Control or gain control is taken at the detector

(demodulated and fed back to the first IF amplifier base. Required to
overcome atmospheric and terrain conditions that adversely affect signal
strength between the transmitter & receiver.

PC 39, AGC

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RECEIVER GROUP; AVC or AGC

PC 39 1st IF Amp 2nd IF Amp Detector

O

R5 R7 R8
C4 56 K 10 K 47 K AVC
R 11 2.7 K
10 f
10 13 17
D1
PC 38
T4 T5
T3 s
R 13
100 K
C8

Test C 11
.05 f
9 Q2 12 Q3
R 12 15
5 K
C6
11 14
Operate 10
f
R6 C1 R9 C9 R10 C10
8
AVC
All Ckt PC 39

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TIII: SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER

RECEIVER GROUP; 1st & 2nd IF Amp, Detector, AVC or AGC.

PC 39 1st IF Amp 2nd IF Amp Detector

O

R5 R7 R8 Detector
C4 56 K 10 K 47 K AVC
R 11 2.7 K
10 f
10 13 17
38 D1
card
T4 T5
T3 s
R 13
100 K
C8 Filter

Test C 11
.05 f
9 Q2 12 Q3
R 12 15
5 K
C6
11 14
Operate 10
f
R6 C1 R9 C9 R10 C10
8
AVC
Audio Amps

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RECEIVER GROUP; AUDIO AMPLIFIER

CONVERTER
RF TUNER
or
IF Amplifier
1000 KHZ 455 KHZ AM AUDIO Amplifiers
MIXER

Detector
LO
1455 KHZ AVC OR AGC
PC 38 PC 39 PC 40

AUDIO AMPLIFIER 3 stages: Audio preamp

Audio driver
Audio push- pull

PC 40

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RECEIVER GROUP; AUDIO AMPLIFIER

PC 40 Audio Pre Amp Audio Driver Audio Push Pull

28 O

R23 29

T6
24 Q6

R15 R17 R20 25

T7
22 D2 30
R25

C13 R18
19 21 Q5
R24
27 26
E 18 Q4 C16
C12 23
20 Q7

R14 R16 R19 R21

C14 C15 31

Trouble Shoot

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RECEIVER GROUP; Trouble shooting procedure.

Tone, PC 38, 39, 40 OK

Tone, PC 39, 38 OK
Tone, PC 40 OK
3rd 2nd 1st
  

29
24
25
3 10 13 19 22
2 9 12 15 18 21
4 11 14 20 23
26
27
31
PC38 PC39 PC40

No Tone No Tone No Tone

PC 38 PC 39 PC 40
Malfunctioning Malfunctioning Malfunctioning

Lesson Test

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Review Questions;

1. Where does heterodyning take place in the receiver taught? ________________

2. The IF amplifier is tuned to the __________ frequency of _______ KHz.
3. What are the block diagram stages of a Super heterodyne receiver?
___________ ___________ ____________
___________ ___________ ____________
___________ ___________
4. What components make up the Local Oscillator & Feedback? ___, ____, ____.
5. What is the propose of the AVC [AGC] Ckt in the receiver? ______________
6. What are the two actions needed to Demodulate an AM carrier?
_______________, _____________.
7. What type of coupling is used in the RF & IF section of the Super-Het-Receiver
discussed in this lesson? _____________________
8. T6 Secondary in the audio amplifier is center tapped to provide 2 signals that are
the ________ in amplitude and the ____________ in polarity.
9. What is the purpose of Q5 Driver Amp in PC 40? _____________________
Answers 1-9

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Review Questions;
10. What is the frequency range of a standard AM broadcast receiver? _____________
11. Frequency conversion can handled by two stages, or only one. What are they
called? ____________ , ________________ .
12. After a receiver is properly aligned, it should have maximum _______ & ________
13. What is the frequency of the Local Osc, [LO] ? __________
14. What is the main use of the Audio output Transformer [T7] ? _________ _______
15. What section of a super heterodyne receiver provides the most gain? _____
16. Where & what is the first test in troubleshooting an inoperative receiver ? _____ ,
____________ _______________
17. When troubleshooting the superhet receiver, which section [card] do you check
first? _____________ ______
18. What is the purpose of Cr1 [D1] ? _________________ ______________
19. When aligning the super heterodyne receiver , Which section is aligned first ?
______________ ___ _______
20. What method of troubleshooting is used on the super heterodyne receiver ?
_________ __________; _______ ________ ___________ .
21. There are four frequencies produced by heterodyning. What frequency Answers 10- 21
is used by the super heterodyne receiver ? ___________________
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TIII: SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER

Lesson Test;

CONVERTER OR IF AF
RF TUNER DETECTOR
MIXER AMPLIFIER AMPLIFIER

LOCAL
OSCILLATOR SPEAKER
Lesson Test:
Standard:
10 Questions W/in 20 Minutes.
70% Minimum Accuracy.
PE Write UP
Reference: NONE
PE Set UP

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PE Write Up; Example 1.

Card TP Indication Test Equip

39 TP 15 F-Gen

39 TP 9 F-Gen

38 TP 2 F-Gen

38 TP 3 11.89 VDC DMM

38 TP 2 280mVDC DMM

38 TP 4 280mVDC DMM

38 TP 2/4 0/0  DMM

Card: 38
Circuit: LO
Component: Q1
Malfunction: Short
PE Write UP

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PE Write Up; Example 2.

Card TP Indication Test Equip

39 TP 15 F-Gen

39 TP 9 F-Gen

39 TP 12 F-Gen

39 TP 10 12 VDC DMM

39 TP 9 780mVDC DMM

39 TP 11 220mVDC DMM

39 TP 10/9 Hi/Hi  DMM

Card: 39
Circuit: 1 IF AMP
st

Component: Q2
Malfunction: Open
PE Set UP

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