AUTOMATIC GEAR SHIFTING

IN TWO WHEELERS
 INTRODUCTION

 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Vehicle can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves,
freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually and to achieve
efficient driving.
ADVANTAGE:
 Easier to drive in stop and go traffic
 easier to use
 fuel efficient.
 Automatic gear shifting with microcontroller:

 This system does not require any modification to the engine .

 The equipment is mounted externally on the body of the motorcycle.

 The system shifts the gear up and down electro magnetically ,

pneumatically , hydraulically like a human rider by sensing the speed of
the vehicle.
 System shifts gear at exactly the correct speed , which produce smooth
gear changing sequence.

 Engine runs smoothly without knocking , which increases the engine life.

 This system is different from the traditional automatic transmission used

in cars.

 Because , it uses electromechanical , pneumatic , hydraulic devices ,

which act similar to the human foot pressing gear pedal up and down and
pressing the clutch lever like a human hand.
 Automatic gear shifting can be divided into
three basis on the mechanism of actuators
used

1. Electro mechanical

2. Pneumatic

3. Hydraulic
Electro-mechanical automatic gear shifting:-

Main components :

 Wheel speed sensor

 Microcontroller

 Electro-mechanical actuator

 Relays
 Wheel speed sensor
Working principle:
 It is a proximity sensor.
 Installed above the ring wheel.
 Ring wheel connected to the wheel hub/drive shaft.
 Speed sensor consists of permanent magnet .
 Magnetic field extend to the pulse wheel.
 Rotational movement of the pulse wheel and associated alteration of
the teeth and gap changes the magnetic field.
 Induces an alternating voltage in the coil related to speed.
 Electronic in the sensor convert the resulting sinusoidal signal in to
a digital signal.
 Transmitted to the microcontroller unit .
Wheel speed sensor
Microcontroller
 2 microcontroller units(MCU) are used.
MCU1
 Function as to shift gear up and gear down
 Control the power of the ignition coil
 Sensing the neutral position of the gear
 Producing the clutch enable signal to 2nd microcontroller

MCU2
 Function as to control the clutch system by receiving signal from the
gear system microcontroller
 Sensing the brake enable and disable condition for clutch pressing
 Brief working of microcontroller
 When power is supplied to the system:-
 MCU1 first sends signal to the gear shifting system to bring the
gears into NEUTRAL position
 MCU1 then sends signal to the gear shifting system to gear up when active
signal is received.
 MCU1 sends signal to the MCU2 to release half clutch when motorcycle
running below 10 km/h
 MCU1 gear down when speed sensor gives low active signal to gear down.
 RELAY
 A relay is an electrically operated switch
 A switch is used to drive the microcontroller
 Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power
signal.
 Relay is used to sense the neutral gear position
 In neutral position the relay provide an active low signal to the
Microcontroller
 In any gear relay provide an active high signal to the microcontroller
Relay continued..

 Brake sensing relay is also used

 To sense the brake activation and deactivation

 Brake activation –produce Active high signal

 Brake deactivation –produce active low signal

Dc motor with lead screw actuators
 Generally use high power DC motor
 The output is given to lead screw
 will give linear motion
Two high power relays are used:
1. For forward movement of the lead screw.
2. For backward movement of the lead screw.

 This lead screw is connected to a mechanical linkage

 Which will facilitate the forward and backward movement of
the gear pedal
 This same system can be install on the clutch system
9/2/2015
Gear shifting system attached to the motorcycle
Clutch controlling system installed on the motorcycle
Future development

 The system is easily implement on other vehicle such as cars

buses and trucks
 A few modifications need to made in the software and electro-
mechanical system compatible with those vehicle to make .
 ADVANTAGES

 Allow for an infinite number of gear ratios.

 Eliminates "shift shock" -- makes it smoother ride

 Responds better to changing conditions.

 Better fuel economy & power loss than automatic transmission

 DISADVANTAGES

 Limited torque capacity as compared to the manual transmission system

 More costlier than manual transmission

 Slipping in the drive belt or pulleys.

 Additional gear train required for reverse condition.

 APPLICATIONS

 Commonly used in automobiles

 New continuous variable transmission for medium duty trucks

and buses.
 CONCLUSION

 The applications and benefits of automatic transmissions in 2

wheeler can only increase based on today’s research and
development.
REFERENCES

 Journal by Kevin R . Lang on (May 21, 2000) On Continuously Variable

Transmissions
 https://books.google.co.in/books?id=bF3L7g1u_mQC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq
=electronic+automatic+gear+shifting+system+for+a+motorcycle&source=bl&
ots=zf5aCczrJi&sig=3KVBEJB8T_095tY7k_i0nE3S1Ro&hl=en&sa=X&ved=
0CCUQ6AEwAWoVChMI2fmhoOuBxwIVx5uUCh2lqwS8#v=onepage&q=el
ectronic%20automatic%20gear%20shifting%20system%20for%20a%20motor
cycle&f=false
 Fritz Schmeißer, Klaus Dietmayer , “ Rotational Speed Sensors KMI15/16”
 M. Anand Partheeban , “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF CONTINUOUS
VARIABLE TRANSMISSION IN FOUR WHEELERS” , IJAET