Facts we all need to know by:

Risnaldo Jaya, MD.

MEDICAL HEALTH PHYSICIAN
IOM Kupang
 WHAT IS DENGUE FEVER?

Dengue fever, also know

as breakbone fever, is an
acute communicable
disease caused by VIRUS.
Etiological Agent:
Dengue viruses (DEN-1, DEN-2,
DEN-3 and DEN-4) - flaviviruses

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 DENGUE VIRUS
Electron Micrograms

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 THE AIRCRAFT FOR DENGUE VIRUS
o Aedes albopictus
o Aedes aegypti
Infected FEMALE Mosquito

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 WATCH OUT! This Mosquito...
• Day biting – normally catches us unaware
• Loves / lives in fresh water in homes
• Lays eggs preferentially in jars, discarded
containers, coconut shells, old tires etc.
• Year round breeding
• Tropical regions like INDONESIA are its favorite
zones.
• It is an urban mosquito

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 THEIR HABITS
• Usually breed in stagnant water
• Usually active in dark or shaded places
outdoors, but indoor activity is also possible
• Distance of flight：less than 100 meter
• Most active: 2 hours before sunset (5-6pm)
and morning (8-9am)

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 WHERE ARE THEY?

Prevalent from centuries Highly prevalent now

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 MODE OF TRANSMISSION

Infected
mosquito

Infected person
Healthy person
Incubation Period: 3 to 14 days
Most commonly 4 to 7 days

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 TYPES
Dengue
Classical Haemorrhagic
Dengue Fever

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 SYMPTOMS OF CLASICAL DENGUE
• Fever: continuous for 3 to 5 days
• Severe headache
• Painful limbs, joint pain, muscle pain, back
pain, pain behind eyeballs
• Rash appears on the 3rd to 4th day after onset.
• Nausea, vomiting.
• Slight gum bleeding and nasal bleeding.
• Extreme fatigue and depression may follow
recovery.
• In very rare cases, the condition may worsen
into dengue haemorrhagic fever, leading to
haemorrhage, shock or even death.
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 SYMPTOMPS OF DENGUE
HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER

Bleeding from where?

• Bleeding into skin
• From Gums
• From Nose
• Into our food passages
• Blood in urine

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 SKIN BLEEDS

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 BLEEDING INTO THE EYE

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 LARGE BLEED INTO SKIN

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 BLEEDING SPOTS

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 TREATMENT
• At present, there is NO DRUGS that can
treat dengue fever effectively. Patients
infected with classical dengue usually
recovers in 1 to 2 weeks.
• For serious cases, supportive
treatments are provided.
• If you suspect that you have dengue
fever, you should seek medical
treatment promptly.
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 TREATMENT (2)
• Supportive measures – Mosquito screen
• AVOID Aspirin and pain killers
• Steroids should NOT be used
• Plenty of water and salt are required
• Children below 12 require careful watch
for dangerous form
• NO ANTIBIOTICS are of proven value
 For high fever, wipe the body with warm water
and proper use of anti-fever drugs can relieve
the fever
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 CHILDREN WITH SEVERE FORM OF
DENGUE
Oxygen
IV Fluids
Special Care
See the tubes
every where
Frightening, isn’t it?

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 PROTECT YOURSELVES!!!
• There is NO VACCINE available as yet
• But we can prevent the disease by preventing
ourselves from mosquito bite
• Avoid staying in dark, outdoor places
such as brushwood, pavilions or the
shade of a tree during the hours when
Aedes sp. is active.

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 PREVENTION

Avoid going out

in the hours when
Aedes aegypti
feed or wear light-
coloured, long-
sleeved clothing
and trousers.

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 PREVENTION (2)
• Apply DEET-containing
mosquito-repellents
• over exposed parts of
the body and clothes
every 4 to 6 hours.

• For DEET products

used by children, its
concentration should
be less than 10%.

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 MOSQUITO CONTROL

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 MOSQUITO CONTROL (2)

Change water in vases every week

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 MOSQUITO CONTROL (3)

Cover water
containers
tightly so that
mosquitoes can’t
get in to lay eggs.

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 MOSQUITO CONTROL (4)

Do not litter. Rubbish such as cups

and bottles can collect rain water
and breed mosquitoes.
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 MOSQUITO CONTROL (5)

Ditches should be FREE from blockage.

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ELIMINATION OF MOSQUITO IS
THE MOST EFFECTIVE
PREVENTION STRATEGY

LET’S REMOVE STAGNANT WATER AND

ELIMINATE MOSQUITOES

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 - - - - - –
- nhờ - - - - -
- – - nhờ - -
- - - - – -
nhờ - - - - - -

Matur Nuwun, hatur

nuhun, Terimo kasih,
Suksema, Amanai,
muliate, tampiaseh,
Tarimo kasi,
kurrusumanga’,
sauweghele,
sakalangkong,
makaseh, makase,
Teurimong Gaseh beh,
Obrigado Barak,
Epanggawang,
mejuah-juah
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