M Figure Parameters Volume Total Surface Area Curved Surface Area

E
N Sphere Radius =“r”
S Hemi-
U Radius =“r”
Sphere
R Radius =“r” 2
A Cylinder
Height = “h”
𝝅 r h 2𝝅 r(h+r) 2𝝅rh
T Radius =“r”
I Vertical 1 2
O Cone Height = “h” 3 𝝅 r h 𝝅r(l+r) 𝝅rl
N Slant Height
=“l”
3 2 Face Diagonal =a√2
Cube Edge =“a” a 6a
Body Diagonal =a√3
Prism Area of base* height
The radius (R) of the Radius of the Sphere = ½[Edge of the cube]
largest Sphere that can R= ½ [a]
be chiseled out of a
cube of edge (a)

The radius (R) of the Case 1: R=a

largest Sphere that can Height of Cylinder
be chiseled out of a Greater than
cylinder of radius (a) Diameter of the
and height (h) Cylinder
The radius (R) of the Case 2: R=½[h]
largest Sphere that can Height of Cylinder
be chiseled out of a less than
cylinder of radius (a) Diameter of the
and height (h) Cylinder
 AQ=s
The radius of the AR=s - a
largest possible sphere s-a OR=r

h-r
that can be chiselled AO =(h-r)
out from a cone of r (h-r)2 =r2+ s2 +a2 – 2sa
a
radius ‘a’ cm, vertical h2-2hr =s2 +a2 – 2sa
r
height ′h′ cm and slant 2hr=h2- s2 -a2+2sa
a 2hr=- a2 -a2+2sa
height ‘s’.
If any two of (s,h,a) is given,
The third one can be determined
from h2+a2=s2
 The largest possible cube that can be chiseled out from a sphere of radius
"a" cm.
Diameter of the sphere=2a
Body Diagonal of the cube=Diameter of the sphere
3*Side of the Cube =Diameter of the Sphere

x
The largest possible cube of side “x” that can be chiselled out from a
hemisphere of radius “a” cm.
Let O be the centre of the hemisphere
One face of the Cube will rest on top base of the hemisphere
Point "O" will also be a the midpoint of the face diagonal of the cube
Point "A" will lie on the sphere
O
Point "B" lies on the bottom face of the cube
From OBA, OB2+AB2=OA2
B
A
 Let AOP be a perpendicular to
Diameter GC.
O lies on FE .P lies on GC AP=h
AO=h-x,
where x is the edge of the cube
FE=√2x,→OE=x⁄√2
∆ AOE is similar to∆ APC
O
AO/AP=OE/PC

P
Maximum volume of a right Volume of Cylinder=πr2h
circular cylinder that can be r2+¼[h2]=R2
inscribed in a sphere of h=√[4R2 -4r2]
radius R.

Maximum Volume of Cylinder results if

only if (4R2−4r2) = 2r2 or 6r2=4R2

The largest cube that can be
inscribed in the cylinder of radius
"r" cm and height is h (2r>h)
Edge of the cube=height of the cylinder
The largest cube that can be
inscribed in the cylinder of radius
r cm and height is h (h>2r)
𝑸
PQ=Diameter of Cylinder
PQ=√2 *side of the cube
The largest SQUARE that can be ∆ AKD is similar to∆ DLB
inscribed in a right angles triangle
ABC where one of its vertices
coincides with the vertex of the AC=b
triangle holding 900 CK=KD=DL=LC=s
AK=AC-CK=(b-s)
LB=CB-CL=(a-s)

s
𝑲
s ab-(a+b)s+s2=s2
s
𝑳
s
𝟐
ab
Area =
a+b
The largest SQUARE that can be
inscribed in a right angles triangle
ABC where none of its vertices
coincides with any vertex of the
a
triangle.

a
The largest square that can be inscribed The largest square that can be inscribed
in a semi circle of radius ′r′ units in a quadrant of radius ′r′ cm.

From ∆ RQC, r2=s2+s2

s = rൗ
2
Area of PRQC=½[ r2]
The largest circle that can be inscribed The largest cylinder that can be
in the semi circle of radius ′r′ cm is inscribed in the Cone of radius "rC"
cm and height is hC (h>r)

𝑶 𝑹
rL
hc
OC= ½ [r] hL

𝑷
rC 𝑸
Maximum area of the semi-circle if the diameter is more than the side of the
square and nearly equals diagonal. DE=DF.

B G C
∠FED = ∠EFD =45°
∠FOP =45°
F OP =r Cos45°
45°

45°
H P
0

45° r=a[2− 2 ]
A E D
Area of a Semi -circle=πa2(3-2√2)
Choice (2)
Find the ratio of empty
space in the cube to the
volume of the sphere if a
sphere of maximum
volume is chiseled out of a
cube with edge 30 cms
(1)11:10 (2) 10:11
(3)1:2 (4) 3:4
A sphere circumscribes a cube. If radius of the sphere
is 3√3m, what is the volume of the cube in m3?
(1)216 (2) 27 (3) 72√3 (4) 182√6

A cube inscribed in a sphere means two

diametrically opposite vertices touch the sphere
Diameter of the sphere will be equal to the body
diagonal of the sphere
√3a = 6√3, where “a” is the edge of the cube
a=6
Volume of the cube =216 cm3
Choice (1)
M
E
N
S
U
R 1/
3[π x2y]=100 π ….(1)
A 1/
3[π y2x]=240 π ….(2)
T 2
x y = 300= 3*100
I y2x = 720 = 8*9*10
O [xy]3 =8*27*1000
N [xy] =60
x=5 and y =12
AC = 13
Choice (1)
15
GEOMETRY - CIRCLES
A circle and a sphere are given such that the area of the circle is
numerically equal to the volume of the sphere, and the circumference
of the circle is numerically equal to the surface area of the sphere.
What is the ratio of the circle's radius to the sphere's radius?
(1) 2:3 (2) 2:1 (3) √2:1 (4) 2:√2
[π c2]= 4/3[πr3 ]….(1)
[2πc]=4πr2 ….(2)
c = 2r2
c2= 4/3[r3]
4r4 = 4/3[r3] ⇨ r =1/3
c =2/9
c/ =2/
r 3
Choice (1)
16
 A cone has circular base radius 1,
and vertex a height 3 directly
above the center of the circle. A
cube has four vertices in the base
and four on the sloping sides.
What length is a side of the cube?
O

P
 A h = 3k and radius= 3r
A Height & radius of the upper cone
are 2k &2r

F
E E
F

B CB C
D D

∆ AEF and ∆ ADC are similar

AE/AD=EF/DC=2/3
A square of side "a" foot is rotated about When a square is rotated around a
one of its diagonal. what is the volume in diagonal, there will be 2 cones
cubic feet of the solid formed π? touching each other. See the diagram
πa3 πa3 πa3 3πa3 a
(1) (2) (3) (4) Base radius of the cone =
3 2 3 2 2 2
a
Vertical height of the cone=
2
1 a 𝟐 a
Volume of a cone= ∗π∗ ∗
3 2 2
πa𝟑
Volume of a cone=
6 2
πa𝟑
Volume of cones=
3 2
Choice (1)
A rectangular swimming pool is 48 m long and 20 m wide. The shallow
edge of the pool is 1m deep. For every 2.6m that one walks up the inclined base
of the swimming pool, one gains an elevation of 1 m. What is the volume
of water (in cm3.) in the swimming pool ? Assume that the pool is filled up to
the brim. (a)528 (b)960 (c)6790 (d)10560 (e)12960 A

2.6 cm inclined and 2.4 horizontal ⇨1vertical

48 horizontal ⇨ 20 vertical
Volume of ABCDEFGH =48*20*1=960
Volume of right prism EFGHKJ =½[48*20]*20
Total Volume =960+9600=10560
20
Choice (d)
y 1
x 2.4 1
w 1
 𝑴𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
Solution
Arun eats ice cream in
Choice (A)
a right circular cone
AB=√{52+ 102}=5√5
with an opening of
Consider ∆ AOB and ∆ ADO
radius 5 and a height
∠AOB=∠ADO=90°
of 10.If Arun’s ice
∠BAO=∠DAO=a
cream scoops are
∆ AOB and ∆ ADO are similar
always perfectly
OD/OB=AO/AB
spherical, compute the
r/5=10/5√5
radius of the largest
r= 2√5
scoop he can get such
Choice (1)
that at least half of the
scoop is contained
within the cone.
(1)2√5 (2)5√2
(3)2 (4)5 𝟕
Find the ratio of surface area of the
Let the side of the cube be 2x
largest Hexagon that can be inscribed
in the Cube to the surface area of KL=√2x=LM=MN=NP=PJ=JK
cube. (1)3:8 (2) 5:8 (3) √3:8 (4) 2:7

Area of Hexagon=[3√3]x2
Area of Cube=24x2

3 3 3
Ratio = =
24 8
Choice (3)
A sphere of maximum volume
is in a cone where slant height
is 20 cm and radius of 12cm.
What is the ratio of volume of
such a sphere to volume of
empty space in the cone?
(1)1:1 (2)3:4 (3)3:5 (4)4:5
O is the centre
R is the pt. of contact of AQ with the Sphere
OR=OP =r
QP=QR =12 (tangents to the circle)
AR =20-12 =8
From ∆ APQ, AP =16 and OA = (16 –r)
From ∆ AOR, [16-r]2=82+r2
256-32r+r2=64+r2 (or) 32r=192
r=6
Volume of cone = 1/3 [π *122*16] =768 π
Volume of Sphere = 4/3 [π *63] =288π
Volume of Empty Space = 480π
Ratio is 3:5
Choice (3)
 1. O be the centre of the hemisphere (hs)
What is the maximum 2. One face of the Cube will rest on top base of the hs
surface value of a 3. Point "O" will also be the midpoint of the face
cube that can be
diagonal of the cube
inscribed in a
4. Point "A" will lie on the sphere
hemisphere of radius
5. Point "B" lies on the bottom face of the cube
6√3?
6. From OBA, OB2+AB2=OA2
(1)216√2 (2) 432
(3) 216 (4) 72

𝟎 x=6√2
Surface of a cube=6∗[6√2] 2=432
𝑩
Choice (2)
𝑨
Four identical squares are cut from the corners of the rectangular
sheet of cardboard shown. This sheet is then folded along the
dotted lines and taped to make a box with an open top. The base
of the box measures 5 cm by 4 cm. The volume of the box is 60
cm3. What was the area of the original sheet of cardboard? (A) 56
cm2 (B) 110 cm2 (C) 156 cm2 (D) 180 cm2 (E) 210 cm2

5 4 5*4*h = 60
h=3
h
Length = 11
Breadth = 10
Area = 110 cm2
Choice (B)
Atul has two containers. One container is a cuboid with width 2 cm,
length 4 cm, and height 10 cm. The other is a right cylinder with radius 1
cm and height 10 cm. Both containers sit on a at surface. Water has been
poured into the two containers so that the height of the water in both
containers is the same. If the combined volume of the water in the two
containers is 80 cm3, then the height of the water in each container is
closest to (A) 6:8 cm (B) 7:2 cm (C) 7:8 cm (D) 8:2 cm (E) 8:6 cm
Let the height be ”h” cm.
Volume of cuboid =2∗4∗h
Volume of cuboid =π∗1∗h
Total Volume =(8+π)h=80

Choice (B)
16 solid metallic spheres each with a diameter of 5cm are melted
to form a right circular cone of radius 5cm. Find the height of the
cone. (1)13.3cm (2)40cm (3)50cm (4)120cm.

h= 40 cm
Choice (2)