SURVEY CAMP

BFC21502
SESSION 4

GROUP 5

ALIF BUKHARI BIN IMRAN NAIM

WAN AHMAD YUSRI BIN WAN HAZMAN
HAFIZHAN ZAILANI
JULIE BINTI MAHADI
FAARIHIN BINTI TALIP
NURUL SYAFIQAH BINTI ABDUL MUTALIB
 LEVELLING
(TWO PEG TEST)
Two Peg Test need to carried out before levelling
work to ensure the instrument in good condition.
As Permanent adjustment of level.
 OBJECTIVE
To determine the levelling bubble
and telescope line-of sight are
parallel.

To determine the accuracy and

ability of the leveling set for
measuring the horizontal.
 LOCATION
We chose open surface area to do our two peg
test and the distance is 30m and 60m.
 PROCEDURE
1. Two staffs were set up with distance, L = 30m and 60m apart
labeled as S2 and S1.
2. An auto level was set up at the distance L/2 in between both
staffs.

3. S2 sighted as back sight and S1 sighted as foresight .

4. Reading for back sight and foresight has been recorded.

5. Auto level has been moved behind S1 with the distance of

L/10.

6. Reading S2 and S1 has been recorded.

7. The following step has been repeated by changing the

distance about 60m.
 RESULT
For Distance 30m

Reading Staff B Reading Staff A Height

(S1) (S2) Difference
=m
First Set 1.378 1.442 -0.064
Up

Reading Staff B Reading Staff A Height

(S1) (S2) Difference
= m
Second 1.389 1.450 -0.061
Set Up
 For Distance 60m

Reading Staff B Reading Staff A Height

(S1) (S2) Difference
=m
First Set 1.322 1.535 -0.213
Up

Reading Staff B Reading Staff A Height

(S1) (S2) Difference
= m
Second 1.387 1.600 -0.213
Set Up
 Difference 30m 60m

OK! -0.0001 0

If m = m then the instrument is OK!

If NOT then the error is;

e = (S1 - S2 ) (S1 - S2)/L mm/m

The error is called collimation error

Acceptable error : 1mm per 20m

 ANALYSIS RESULT
For distance 30m

The error, e = (S1-S2) - (S1 - S2) /L mm/m

= ( 1.378 1.442 ) ( 1.389 1.450 ) / 30
= -0.0001 mm/m < 0.0333mm/m (acceptable error)

For distance 60m

The difference is 0 because m = m.
The instrument is OK.
 CONCLUSION
Two Peg Test is the first procedure in leveling operation.

Important thing to test and check whether the line of

sight through the level is horizontal or not.

We conclude the instrument in a good condition and our

objective of this test is achieved and can continue to the
leveling operation.
LEVELLING
 LOCATION
We start our leveling from TBM 3 and closed it back
to TBM3.
 OBJECTIVE
To transfer the reduce level from point given to the
unknown point of reduce level.

To determined the elevations of a series of points at

measured intervals along a line such as the
centerline of a proposed ditch or road or the
centerline of a natural feature.
 PROCEDURE
1. Staff at TBM 3 and TBM3A was set up respectively and an
auto level has been placed in between both staff. Distance
between auto level and staff was 15m.

2. TBM 3 was sighted as back sight whereas the foresight was

TBM3A and reading has been recorded for both staffs.

3. Staff at TBM 3 was transferred to TBM 4 as foresight and

TBM3A was back sight for the second set up with distance
30m in between staff and auto level.

4. Back sight and foresight reading has been recorded for the
second setup.

5. Steps 1-4 were repeated and continue until TBM2 and from
TBM 2 were back to TBM 3 and closed the levelling loop.
RESULT
 REDUCED CORRECT DISTANCE NOTE
BS IS FS ED
RISE FALL LEVEL ION (S) S
RL
1.400 1.690 0 1.690 0 TBM3
TBM3
1.255 1.398 0.002 1.692 - 0.001 1.692 15
A
1.226 1.235 0.020 1.712 - 0.002 1.714 30 TBM4
1.585 1.300 0.074 1.638 - 0.003 1.641 68 TBM7
1.658 0.073 1.565 - 0.003 1.568 89 TBM5
1.126 1.542 0.116 1.681 - 0.004 1.685 112 TBM6
1.550 0.425 1.256 - 0.004 1.260 146 BM1
1.555 1.395 0.155 1.411 - 0.005 1.416 181 TBM8
1.635 1.395 0.160 1.571 - 0.006 1.577 202 TBM9
- 0.007 TBM1
1.294 1.410 0.225 1.796 1.803 225
0
1.585 1.531 0.237 1.559 - 0.007 1.566 259 TBM2
1.462 0.123 1.682 - 0.008 1.690 293 TBM3

=
= 12.66 = 12.668 = 0.800
0.809
ALa=1.682
BS FS ALc=1.690
Rise fall
=12.66 ALa Alc
=0.801-0.809
12.668 =1.682
=-0.008
=-0.008 1.69
=-0.008
 ANALYSIS RESULT
CALCULATION CHECKING:

BS FS = 12.66 12.668 = -0.008

RISE FALL = 0.801 0.809 = -0.008

LAST RL (TBM) FIRST RL (TBM) = 1.682 1.690 = -0.008

CORRECTION = MISCLOSURE/NO.BS
- 0.008/9 = - 0.0008

HSK = 20 D
= 20 0.293
= 10.826mm
 DISCUSSION
There are some errors during the levelling.

Misunderstanding about intermediate sight (IS) at

the TBM7, TBM5 and TBM6 area. We taught the
intermediate sight is the reading for blocking area.
Thats why we taking a lot of reading for the IS.

This error need us to survey again to get the right

reading and make sure to survey without taking to
many IS in this levelling work.
 DISCUSSION
Another factors affecting accuracy in levelling:

Reading of staff
Bubble not being central
Instrument not being in adjustment
Differential settlement of the tripod
Tilting and settlement of the staff
Sensitivity of bubble or compensator
 CONCLUSION
From the levelling work, we figure out that
difference result that we get still in the range of the
allowable difference limit.

We need to make sure know all the terms in

levelling work to avoid doing the wrong procedure
in levelling work.

Even there are some problem during this surveying,

we manage to close the loop of levelling survey
from TBM3 and back to TBM3 again.