Session S101

Introduction to BIM GIS

Integration

John Przybyla, PE, GISP,

Woolpert, Inc.
 National Institute of Building
Sciences
National Institute of

1974 - Public Law 93-383, Sect. 809 Building Sciences

Bridge between Private and Public Construction
Non-governmental Unique 501c3 Organization
Unique in that it represents all disciplines in industry
Architects, Engineers, Contractors, Insurers, Unions, Manufacturers, Legal,
Housing, Vendors, Owners, Consumers, State & Federal Government, Codes &
Standards, and Testing
buildingSMARTalliance is a council of the Institute
Formerly International Alliance for interoperability

NIBS Related Products

Construction Criteria Base
Whole Building Design Guide
National CAD Standard
National BIM Standard

An Authoritative Source of Innovative Solutions for the Built

Environment
 buildingSMARTalliance Relationships
NIBS
Board of
Directors
buildingSMART
International

NIBS President

buildingSMART alliance Staff Board of Direction

Alliance Programs

Projects
External and Internal Projects From all members External and Internal Projects
of the Alliance

Sponsors and Members

The Alliance

Vision
A global environment where all participants can readily
and transparently share, apply and maintain
information about facilities and infrastructure to
enhance quality and economy of design, construction,
operation and maintenance
Mission
Improve all aspects of the facility and infrastructure
lifecycle by promoting collaboration, technology,
integrated practices, and open standards
buildingSMARTalliance BIM-GIS Project
http://www.buildingsmartalliance.org/projects/activeprojects/27
Elements of the Project Charter
Spatial awareness across AEC lifecycle is defined to be
critical requirement
Inside and outside of a building

Identify and define requirements where convergence

between geospatial and building information across the
building lifecycle is needed

Review and where possible adapt geospatial standards-

based workflows that meet requirements, save time and
effort where convergence exists

Identify existing standards that are ready for immediate

testing for candidate status
BIM-GIS Project Focus
How can BIM applications and information seamlessly
interact with geospatial information during across the
lifecycle process to address requirements related to site
conditions and surroundings?

How can BIM and geospatial applications be used to

communicate campus-wide information requirements for
lifecycle facility management and operations?

How can 3-D CAD and geospatial portrayal services

facilitate modeling in campus-wide and facility
perspectives for as-is BIM model and further extension
for planning or design activities?
Committee Members
Deke Smith Jaymes Cloninger Peter Sforza
Earle Kennett Mark Butler Keith Beck
Bill East Hector Camps Mike Parkin
John Messner Phillip Cousins Joseph Mudry
Dennis Shelden Diane Davis Horatio McDowney
Calvin Kam Alan Edgar Steve Sims
Mitch Schefcik Kristine Fallon Francois Grobler
Chris Andrews Dave Jordani Jason Mayes
Paul Cote Dave Morris Brent Kastor
Don Kuehne Bill Napier Giovanni Migliaccio
John Young Mark Reichardt Mike McSween
Niels LaCour Angela Lewis
Alexander Stepanov Kimon Onuma
Eric Wittner Clark Morgan
Louis Hecht Tim Murtha
Russ Manning Paul Seletsky
Renee Tietjen Kathy Kalscheur
Jason Combs Louise Sabol
Scott McFarlane Jeremy Hazel
Babak Jalalzadeh Michael Rendler
Ken Casazza Theresa Thompson
Stu Rich Mohammed Biswas
BIM-GIS Interaction Issues
What are the business practices where converged
geospatial and AEC information can be maximized?

What open standard tool sets (IFC-BIM, AECxml, GIS,

CMMS, IWMS, etc.) should be used to perform what
functions?

Are there requirements for convergence that can only be

supplied by file exchange? What message format(s)
should be used for data exchange?

What data standards and service interfaces exist or need

to be developed?

What role do web services play?

 BIM Provides Benefits for
Design and Construction
Improved design process
3-D visualization for owner (static only)
Coordination between disciplines
Interference checking
Facilitates energy efficiency and LEED
Automated quantity take offs
4-D scheduling
Improved documentation of design intent
Potentially used for fabrication
Elements in BIM are Created at a
High Level of Detail

This data is required to

convey the information
needed to construct the
facility.

All BIM products export

BIM data to and Industry
Foundation Classes
(IFCs)
 Can We Use BIM As a Spatial
Data Repository?
File-based
Proprietary data formats
Exports to IFC not uniform
Not easily query-able across multiple facilities
Not scalable to large number of users
BIM Server technology limited to design focus
Limited security
No clustering, failover, etc.

Not a Viable Solution

Look at standards-based
geospatial tools
Traditional Scalability Using GIS
World

Country

Region

State / Province
Natural Asset
County
Air / Space
City
Underground
Traditional
Site
Water / Sea GIS Space
Real
Property Asset
Land / Parcel

Facility / Built
Building
System
Traditional Sub-Systems
Space Components
CAD/BIM Space Level
Overlay
Room
Structure
System
Sub-Systems
Space Components
Level
Overlay Room
Linear Structure
Node
Segment
GIS has Advanced to Total Scalability

World

Country

Region

State / Province
Natural Asset
County
Air / Space
City
Underground
Site
Water / Sea
Real
Property Asset
Land / Parcel

Facility / Built
Building
System
Sub-Systems
Space Components
Level
Overlay
Room
Structure
System
Sub-Systems
Space Components
Level
Overlay Room
Linear Structure
Node
Segment
The Analytic Power of GIS
Spatial analysis and modeling
Overlay analysis (union, intersect)
Proximity analysis (buffer, near)
Surface analysis (hill shade, slope)
Linear analysis (connectivity, tracing)
Raster analysis
Geoprocessing tools
Relational Database structure
Enterprise-ready
Web services
Integrates with
EDMS
CMMS
CAFM
IWMS
BIM to GIS
Integration Issues
BIM is MUCH richer in detail than a
GIS database

GIS has only recently become fully

3-D

Design BIM contains all the

information needed to construct a
building, but not to manage it
Space polygons
Occupant information
Asset details (make, model, etc.)
Equipment maintenance data

Some of the missing data can be

supplied by COBie

GIS database and BIM will require

network capabilities to share
information
Fundamental Differences Between BIM
and GIS

BIM (IFC) GIS

Highly standardized User defined structures
structure Parametric loosely
Parametric highly structured
structured Server based - relational
File based database
File based exchange File and web services for
Inferior data exchange exchange
between COTS products Maximum integration
Small number of users flexibility
Thick client Large numbers of users
Thick and thin clients
Developments in BIM-GIS Integration

Geographic Elements within IFC

COBie2 Standard
CityGML
Full 3-D GIS/3-D Analysis
Building and Interior Spaces Data Model
buildingSMART IFC for
GIS Project/IFC 2.4 RC2
IFC 2.4
Spatial & Geographic Elements
New entity for spatial zones
the zone can now have own location, shape and functional type as
required e.g. in thermal or lighting zones.
Both zones, with an without own shapes, can now be assigned to
different levels of the project structure.

Space boundaries for curved building

elements, such as arc walls, can now be
defined by bounded cylindrical and bounded
swept surfaces.

A clear differentiation between 1st and 2nd

level space boundaries is made
Spatial & Geographic Elements
IFC 2.4
External spaces
separate the external air, earth, water, with the definition of
external space boundaries to identify the gross volume of stories or
buildings.

New entity for geographic elements placed in the context of a

site.
Using the enhanced external reference mechanism those
geographic elements, as any other element, can be assigned to
feature catalogs or any other external classification system.

Parts of the specification for these elements were introduced

into IFC 2.4 as a result of output from AECOO-1.

These capabilities have not been exercised with OGC GML

(Geographic Markup Language) nor CityGML.
Construction Operations
Building Information
Exchange (COBIE)
Construction Operations Building Information
Exchange (COBie) adds Tabular Information to
BIM
Capture tabular data needed by the owner as it is created by
Designers
Constructors
Commissioning Agents
Industry participation
BIM vendors now export to COBIE
CMMS/CAFM vendors import COBIE

Some of the COBie data

belongs in GIS
GIS Asset tables need to
store a sufficient level of
detail
COBie is Structured to Import Non-
spatial Data into CMMS/CAFM/GIS
COBie2 Limitations

COBie is focused on FM Handover

COBie does not include spatial data
CityGML
CityGML Concepts

Application independent Geospatial

Information Model for virtual 3D city
and landscape models
Comprises different thematic areas
(buildings, vegetation, water, terrain, traffic
etc.)
Data model (UML) according to ISO 19100
standards family
Exchange format results from rule-based
mapping of the UML diagrams to a GML3
application schema
Adopted OGC standard since 08/2008
 CityGML
CityGML represents
3D geometry, 3D topology, semantics, and
appearance
In 5 discrete scales (Levels of Detail, LOD)
LOD 0 Regional, landscape model
2.5D Digital terrain model, 3D landmarks

LOD 1 City / Site model

Prismatic buildings without roof structures

LOD 2 City / Site model

Simple buildings with detailed roof structures

LOD 3 City / Site model

Detailed architectural models, landmarks

LOD 4 Interior Model

Walkable architectural models

The same object may be represented in different LODs

simultaneously
CityGML Strengths
Application Domain Extensions (ADE)
Generics
Appearance

CityObjectGroup

Transportation
CityFurniture

WaterBody
Vegetation
LandUse
Building

Relief

CityGML Core
GML 3.1.1
CityGML Limitations

Some limited experimentation has taken

place to understand how IFC and
CityGML can work together.
More work on this point is needed.
CityGML is focused on visualization
3-D GIS
3-D GIS Analysis Tools
3-D GIS Example Data
3-D GIS Analysis Capabilities
3-D GIS Transportation Networks

Demo

ArcGIS 10
3-D GIS Limitations

Limited experience converting IFC data

to GIS formats
New technology with limited use for
facilities
Complex data structures needed to
support facilities
ESRI Building and
Interior Spaces Data
Model
ESRI Geodatabase Data Models
Standardized Templates for Many Fields
Address Historic Preservation
Agricultural & Archaeology
Atmospheric Homeland Security
Base Map Hydro
Biodiversity IHO
Carbon Footprint Land Parcels
Census-Admin Local Government
Boundaries Marine
Defense-Intel National Cadastre
Energy Utilities Petroleum
Environmental Pipeline
Forestry Telecommunications
Geology Transportation
Groundwater Water Utilities
Health Building Interior Space
Simplefeatureclass Geom etry Point
ContainsMvalues No
Haul ContainsZvalues No
Allow Prec-
Fieldname Datatype nulls Default value Domain isionScaleLength
O BJECTID O bject ID
SHAPE Geom etry Yes
HAULJO IN Longinteger No 0
VESSELCO DE Longinteger No 0
CRUISE Longinteger No 0
HAUL Longinteger No 0
STATIO N_ID String No 7
SSTEM P Float No 0 0
BO TTO MTEM P Float No 0 0
EFFO RT Float No 0 0
DataSourceID String Yes 50

Relationshipclass Table
HaulHasFishCatch FishCatch
TypeSim ple Forwardlabel FishCatch Allow Prec-
CardinalityO netom any Backwardlabel Haul Fieldname Datatype nulls Default value Domain isionScaleLength
NotificationNone OBJECTID O bject ID
Originfeatureclass Destinationtable HAULJOIN Longinteger No 0
Nam eHaul NameFishCatch SPECIESCODE Longinteger No 0
PrimarykeyHAULJOIN LATINNAME String No 28
ForeignkeyHAULJOIN COM MONNAM E String No 21
Norelationshiprulesdefined. WEIGHTCPUE Double No 0 0
NUM BERCPUE Double No 0 0

Relationshipclass
DataSourceHasHaul Table
DataSource
TypeSim ple Forwardlabel Haul
CardinalityO netom any Backwardlabel DataSource Allow Prec-
NotificationNone Fieldname Datatype nulls Default value Domain isionScaleLength
Origintable Destinationfeatureclass O BJECTID O bject ID
NameDataSource NameHaul DESC_ String Yes 35
PrimarykeyDataSourceID SO URCE String Yes 35
ForeignkeyDataSourceID CO NTACT String Yes 20
Norelationshiprulesdefined. PREC String Yes 20
CREATE_DATE Longinteger Yes 0
LAST_UPDATED Longinteger Yes 0
DataSourceID String Yes 50
 ESRIs Building Interior Space Data
Model (BISDM) for GIS
A user community effort
Started in summer 2007
Build template to serve many
uses cases and compatible
technologies
Real-world project tested
Support property, building, and
asset objects
Models, supporting
documentation, data loading
tools, and sample viewers at
www.esri.com/datamodels
BISDM Supports Industry Standards

Defining and measuring building space

BOMA and FICM

Classifying building space -- form, function, assets

Open Standards Consortium for Real Estate (OSCRE)
OmniClasstm

Building information models (BIM)

National BIM Standard
Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)

Building object information exchange

Construction Operations Building Information Exchange
(COBIE)
BISDM Asset Data Feature
Classes

BISDM 2.0
Mimics the
structure
of IFCs
 Split Data Model to Interface with External
Database (or Future BIM Server)
vElevator

INNER JOIN ON 0..1

Elevator
Is A Type Of Relationship ConveyanceArea.AssetID =
(PK)ELEVATORID (guid)
Elevator.ELEVATORID
1 REFERENCE
FIREEXIT
ConveyanceArea CLEARWIDTH
CLEARDEPTH
(PK/FK)ASSETID (guid) CLEARHEIGHT
ALIAS
(FK)ENTITYID (guid) vEscalator
DESCRIPTION
0..1
Escalator
CAPACITY INNER JOIN ON
CONVEYANCEUSE ConveyanceArea.AssetID = (PK)ESCALATORID (guid)
CONVEYANCETYPE Escalator.ESCALATORID
DOORQTY
ADACOMPLIANT
FLOORSSERVED
KEYACCESFLOORS

vStairWell
0..1
Stairwell
BIM
INNER JOIN ON
ConveyanceArea.AssetID = (PK)STAIRWELLID Data
Stairwell.STAIRWELLID REFERENCE
NUMBEROFRISER
NUMBEROFTREADS
RISERHEIGHT
TREADLENGTH
NOSINGLENGTH
WALKINGLINEOFFSET
TREADLENGTHATOFFSET
TREADLENGTHATINNERSIDE
HEADROOM
WAISTTHICKNESS

vMovingWalkway
0..1
MovingWalkway
INNER JOIN ON
ConveyanceArea.AssetID = (PK)MOVINGWALKWAYID
MovingWalkway.MOVINGWALKWAYID

 Potential Integrated
CADD/BIM/GIS Data Workflow
CMMS
COBIE CAFM/IWMS

BIM Data
Asset
E 13,089,250 E 13,089,500 E 13,089,750 E 13,090,000 E 13,090,250 E 13,090,500 E 13,090,750 E 13,091,000

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830.6
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825.6 830.6 830.7

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Management
827.6 832.7
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831.5 833.7 835.4

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825 JENISON
830 835
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PARKING LOT 833.4 INTRAMURAL PARKING
831.3 67 833.5
833.5 LOT 62
TNUT

RED N 448,250
835.3
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835
PARKING 833.5 834.7
TOLL BOOTH 834.8
508

837.6 835
835

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842.2 836.7
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850

TITLE DWN. BY
REVISIONS
N DIGITAL DATABASE APPVD. BY

MAPPING DATE
8-89
GEOGRAPHIC 50' 0' 50' 100' 150'
SCALE
INFORMATIO N SCALE IN FEET MICHIG AN STATE UNIVERSITY 1"= 50'
DWG. NO.
WOOLPERT
SERVICES CONTOUR INTERVAL : 1 FOOT PHYSICAL PLANTDIVISION MSU2C
FILE NO.
ENGINEERING SERVICES DEPARTMENT

CADD Data GIS BIM

Tabular Data
Repository Repository
Spatial Data
GIS Data
ESRI BISDM Limitations

Limited experience, especially with 3-D

BIMServer for FM does not exist
BIM-GIS Committee
Direction
BIM-GIS Use Cases -
Planning/Design/Construction
Site Selection/Location Security planning
planning Evacuation routing
Site Temporal Analysis
Suitability/Alternatives Historical
analysis Existing
Site Future
circulation/parking/vehicle Economic Analysis
routing
Demographics
Permitting/zoning review
Soil Conditions
Visualization
Building Skins Transportation
Textures Source locations of
View Shed analysis building products (LEED
analysis)
Drainage analysis
Emergency
Erosion control analysis Management/Security
Height analysis Total Cost of
Airspace encroachments Ownership/Lifecycle
Shadow analysis (solar Analysis
potential)
BIM-GIS Use Cases - Operation
GIS-based Facilities management (maintain 3-D models)
MEP/data network routing/analysis
Space Management/optimization
Move management
Asset management
Public Safety
Security
Fire protection
Evacuation routing
Hazardous materials storage
Way-Finding
Proximity/routing
ADA compliant routes
Interior Space analyses
Areas (organizational, operations, leasing, etc.)
Elevation
Volumes
Energy Management
Real-time sensor display
Environmental contaminant analysis
GIS-BIM Use Cases
Renovation/Repurpose
Existing As-built architectural/structural
models
Existing As-built MEP/data networks
Security planning
Evacuation routing
Next Steps

Define detailed use cases? IDMs?

Define exchange standards?
Define web services requirements for
BIM Server technology?
Discussion