Introduction to Management

UNIT 3
 Overview

What is management?
What is management coordination?
What are objectives?
Management characteristics
Management skills
In the home
In the community
In school
In government
In business/enterprise

Management v Enterprise
 Management (2006 SQ 3)

Management is the process of setting and achieving

objectives by making the best use of people, time,
money and equipment.

A manager (CEO) or (MD) is responsible for the

overall day to day running of the business.
 Co-ordination (2001 SQ 4)

Managers must ensure that all parts of an

organisation is working towards a common goal.
Everyone needs to be aware of the overall objectives.
Good managers ensures that the plans and activities
of each section fits in with each other.
 What is an Objective?

An objective is a target to be achieved some time in

the future.

Business Example: Increase sales by 10% in the next

year

Personal Example: Get an A1 in Business in the

Leaving Certificate!!
 A general objective

Is a mission statement.

It gives an outline of the overall aims of the

organisation.

Example: Pfizers mission is to apply science and

our global resources to improve health and well-
being at every stage of life
 A specific objective

A statement of a more narrow and defined target.

Example: The company will increase the workforce

by 10% this year.
 Tactical Objective

A short to medium term goal.

It will take 1 to 5 years to achieve.

Example: increase sales by 20% within three years

 Strategic Objective

A long term goal.

It will take 5 to 20 years to achieve.

Example: expand internationally by opening 20

shops around the world.
 Management Terms

Effectiveness

Efficiency

Productivity
 Management Terms

Effectiveness measure the success of the business

in achieving its objective

Efficiency a business is efficient when it uses the

least amount of resources to achieve the best results

Productivity is the relationship between inputs

(raw materials) and outputs (finished products
Productivity is high when few inputs generate many outputs
High productivity reduces costs and increases profits
 Management Characteristics

SSACHDD
Self-motivated
Self-belief
Adaptable
Charismatic
Hard-working
Decisive
Desire for achievement
 Self-motivated

Managers are self-starters.

They have the initiative to do things themselves.

 Self-belief

Managers have confidence in themselves to make

decisions and promote their business.

Managers are positive in their approach.

 Adaptable

Managers must have the innate ability to be flexible

and be able to cope with different situations.
They dont mind moving outside their comfort
zone.
They dont mind change or trying something new.
Adaptable
 Charismatic

Managers must have an air about them that

commands respect.
They must be liked by their subordinates if they are
to be successful in influencing them to achieve
goals.
 Hard working

Managers must be willing to spend long hours at

work.
They should be the first to arrive and the last to
leave.
They must lead by example.
Hard working
 Decisive

Managers must have the intelligence & judgement

to make quick and effective decisions.
They must be confident in their own ability to make
decisions.
 Desire for achievement

Managers must have a strong desire to see their

business succeed.
They must be willing to put in the effort needed
for this.
 Management Skills

Leadership

Communication

Motivation
 Leadership

A leader is a person who gives direction by guiding

people towards achievieng goals.

They delegate tasks and responsibilities to others in

order to involve them, share the work load and reduce
stress.
 Leadership

They coordinate the efforts of staff in each

department in order to ensure that harmony and
common goals are known achieved. (2001 SQ 4)

They motivate staff by being aware of the factors

that entice workers to be more productive.
 Communication

Communication is a management skill that involves the

transfer of information from one person to another in a
way that it is received and understood.
 Communication involves being able to:

Read and write in the appropriate language

Speak to individuals and groups
Be aware of the recipient(s)
Stimulate, motivate and negotiate
Listen, filter and absorb
Act on feedback
 Motivation

Is a management skill that involves persuading

people to act in a certain way.
It involves being aware of the factors that lead
people to act in a certain way.
Theories of motivation include McGregors Theory X
and Throry Y and Maslows Hierarchy of needs.
 Management skills in the home

Leaders: Parents/Guardians
Communicate with: Children, school, doctors, banks,
friends.
Motivate: children to do house & school work & have
healthy lifestyle.
Management skills in the community

Leaders = Volunteers
Communicate with: Businesses, voluntary groups,
government agencies.
Motivate: Government to give grants, businesses to
give sponsorship, locals to give free time.
 Management skills in school

Leaders: Principal & Deputy Principal

Communicate with: Teachers, students, parents,
HSE, doctors.
Motivate: Teachers & students to work hard, parents
to support children, fundraise
Management skills in government

Leaders = Ministers
Communicate with: Civil servants, social partners
(IBEC, ICTU, IFA).
Motivate: All social partners to agree on national
wage agreements and policies
Management skills in business/enterprise

Leaders: Entrepreneurs
Communicate with: Investors, suppliers, customers
Motivate: Investors to give them money, suppliers to
give credit & discount.
Similarities between Enterprise & Management

Choose three characteristics that are the same and

explain each one using a heading and bullet points.
Distinguish between Enterprise & Management
(2009 SQ 7)

Enterprise is the ability to generate new ideas,

identify opportunities and have the confidence,
motivation & determination to take an uninsurable
risk to turn an idea into reality.
Example: Mark Zuckerberg took the risk to setup
Facebook.
 whereas

Management is the process of getting objectives &

activities completed efficiently & effectively through
the use of human & financial resources on a day to day
basis.
Management skills
Leadership, Communication & Motivation.
Management activities
Planing Organising & Controlling.

Example: Manager of a branch of Dunnes Stores

 Sample Exam Questions

Short Long
2009 Q 7. Enterprise v 2009 Q4
management 2002 Q 4 (Management
2006 Q 3. Management skills in home,
2001 Q 4. Co-ordination community, government,
business start up)
1999 Q 4 (Letter:
management
characteristics)
 Applied Business Questions

2010 (C): Management Skills

2004 (C): Management Skills
1999 (C): Management Skills
 Recap and Review

What is management?
What is management coordination?
What are objectives?
Management characteristics
Management skills
In the home
In the community
In school
In government
In business/enterprise

Management v Enterprise