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 



1. PGI2 (prostacyclin)
2. TXA2 inhibitors Eg: Aspirin
3. ADP Receptor antagonist
Eg: Ticlopidine, Clopidogrel
4. Phosphodiesterase inbihibitors
Eg: Dipyradamole
5.Glycloprotien IIb/IIIa antagonists
eg: Abciximab, Tirifiban, Eptifibatide
@ 
 

Also presents in brain, gut and kidney.

u Pharmacological actions: on Iv infusion
1. Inhibits platelets
2. Causes vasodilatation- hypotension, tachycardia
3. Headache, facial flushing
4. Causes Renin release
It has very short half life, 3 minutes
Therapeutic use
Used to treat pulmonary hypertension
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èechanism of action
By inhibiting cox enzyme, inhibits the formation of TXA2
thus inhibits the platelet activation. but it also inhibits
PGI2
Therapeutic uses
In low dose(70-150mg) used to treat
1. Ļincidence of CHD, èI
2. To treat unstable angina
3. Preventing stroke with cerebrovascular diseases
4. Preventing the development of pre-eclampsia in
pregnant women
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u ‰ide effects
1. GI bleeding
2. Intracranial hemorrhage

Low dose aspirin is relatively safe, efficacious and cost

effective Antiplatelet regimen for routine use
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Ticlopidine, Clopidogrel are prodrugs.

|: By acting as ADP receptor antagonist, inhibits
platelet aggregation
Ticlopidine is slightly more effective but more toxic than
aspirin
  : has slow on set of action .
it is equivalent to aspirin but more expensive.
On combination with aspirin it has synergistic effect, which
is useful in treating acute coronary syndromes,
vascularization procedures
 

  


By inhibiting the enzyme Phosphodiesterase, Ļ degradation
of cyclic AèP, excess CAèP inhibits the platelet
aggregation.

It is not used alone as it has very low therapuetic effecacy.

it is used as adjuvant to warfarin in patients with artificial
heart valves
h
  
 
 

Two types
1. èonoclonal antibodies against the platelet
receptors eg: Abciximab
2. A ‰ynthetic inhibitors of Glycloprotien IIb/IIIb
antagonists
eg; Tirifiban, Eptifibatide
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by blocking the platelet receptors, Ļ platelet aggregation.
 
 
1. It is an effective anti thrombotic agent in AC‰
2. Effective in unstable angina and ischemic stroke
3. Acts synergistically with aspirin and heparin and the
beneficial effect is lost for at least 6 months



:
Thrombocytopenia ,can be reversed by platelet transfusion
 
 




* Competitive, irreversible inhibitors of Glycloprotien IIb/IIIb

* Having the half life about 2-2.5hrs
* Their effect disappears within 4-6 hrs after stopping the
infusion
 


 


1. ‰teptokinase
2. Urokinse
3. Recombinent tissue type plasminogen activators
Eg: Alteplase, Reteplase, tenecteplase
4. Acylated plasminogen-steptokinase activator
complex Eg:Anistreplase