EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION

ANGGOTA KELOMPOK
Ahmad Ramadhan Ambong
Windy Rosita Sari
Naci Sevim Karinda
 What is erosion ?
Erosion is a natural process in which rocks
or soil are moved from on location to
another by wind or water. Material may
move through erosion for distances ranging
a few feet to thousands of miles. Erosion
often is most niticeable along shorelines,
but it occurs in a variety of areas
throughout the world.
 Types of erosion
1. Geologic Erosion
It is a normal process, representing erosion of
land in natural environment. It is caused by the
effect of
Rainfall
Run off
Wind
Topography
Atmospheric temperatures
Gravitation process
 Types of erosion
2. Accelerated erosion
Accelerated erosion is due to man-made activities,
which have brought about changes in natural cover
and soil condition. The activities includes
Land preparation for raising crops
Land us patterns for building houses,
infrastructures, industries, hill cutting,
deforestation, lack of soil conservation, and
watershed management
 Factors affecting erosion
Climatic factors
-Rainfall
-Rainfall intensity
-Run off
-Temperature
-Wind
Characteristics of soil
-Texture
-Structure and cohesion
-Particle size
-Organic content
Vegetation cover
Slope of watershed
 Effect of erosion
Loss in agricultural production
Loss of nutrients
Reduction of infiltration rates
Reduction in water holding capacity
Increased cost in tillage operation
Floods my occur in rivers
Decrease in usefull life of reservoir
Survival of wild life
Land degradation
Cost of removal of sedimentation
desertification
 What is sedimentation ?
Sedimentation is an event or a
precipitation process that occurs in some
abiotic components that exist in such
environments.
 Types of sedimentation
In general, this sedimentation is classified based on
two types, namely based on the transporter, and
based on where the sedimentation occurs
Aquatic Sedimentation
Aquatic Sedimentation is a sedimentation process
done by water flow. The abrasive or weathering
material is carried by the water stream and placed to
a specific location
 Types of sedimentation
Types of sedimentation
Fluvial sedimentation is a sedimentation
process performed by alira river water.
Because using the river water, then the
existence of this sedimentation is in the
river.
 Types of sedimentation
This fluvial sedimentation will usually cause siltation in the river mouth
area. Then the fluvial sedimentation was subdivided into 5 groups,
namely :
- Alluvial : is sedimentation that occurs in rivers that experience rapid
current strength changes.
- Meander : the sedimentation of a winding river. Even the bend of the
river is formed from the sedimentation that occurs in the bends of
the river.
- Flood plains : the plains on the right and also the left side of the river
- The horseshoe lake : also called denngan oxbow, is a severed river
as a result of continuous deposition.
- Delta : which is a large land and is located around the mouth of the
river.
 Water Resources Conservation
Conservation of water resources is an effort to maintain the
existence, nature and function, and the sustainability of
water resources in order to always be available in quality
and quantity sufficient to meet the needs of living things,
both in the present and in the future.
Some of the goals of conserving water resources are:
-Prevention of floods and droughts
-Prevention of damage to riverbanks
-Prevention of erosion and sedimentation