ANALISA STRUKTUR

(STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS)
BANGUNAN LEPAS PANTAI TERPANCANG
PUSHOVER ANALYSIS
Oleh:
Ir. Murdjito, MSc.Eng
Dosen Jurusan Teknik Kelautan
Fakultas Teknologi Kelautan
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya

PEMBINAAN DASAR ENGINEER DAN INSPECTOR

BANGUNAN LEPAS PANTAI TERPANCANG
(FIXED OFFSHORE PLATFORM)
Serpong, 18-25 Agustus 2014
 Ultimate Strength Analysis Methods
Elastic methods
Linear Global Analysis
A linear analysis may be performed to determine if overstressing is
local or global. The intent is to determine which members or joints
have exceeded their buckling or yield strengths. The structure
passes assessment if no elements have exceeded their ultimate
strength
Local Overload Considerations
demonstrated that the overloaded members can be relieved through
a redistribution of load to alternate paths, or if a more accurate and
detailed calculation would indicate that the member or joint is not,
in fact, overloaded
Inelastic methods
Global inelastic analysis is intended to demonstrate that a platform
has adequate strength and stability to withstand the loading criteria
with local overstress and damage allowed, but without collapse.
 START

Collect data & validate Structural

Model Establish Critical Load
Condition

Carry Out Linear Elastic Analysis Push-over Procedure

Yes
No Further Work Required Are UCs Acceptable?

No

Analyze Platform using Plastic

Collapse Analysis Using
Incremental Load to get RSR

Yes
Is RSR Acceptable?

No

A
Continue Push Over

No

Check Ranking Platform

Postpone Remedial Action No

Is Ranking Critical?
Monitor Platform

Yes

Carry Out Risk Assesment

Yes No
Is Risk Acceptable? Do Remidial Action
 Full Plastic Collapse Analysis (FPCA)
Method
Initially the actual loading on the platform is applied.
These loads are then discretely increased in load steps.
At the end of each load step the member locations
stressed past yield and the buckled members are
remodeled with non-elastic properties.
This load increment and remodeling for non elastic
behavior is continued until the structural stiffness has
reduced to a level where the platform will collapse.
The FPCA keeps a track of behavior of the structure
as force level is increased until it reaches the extreme
load when it reaches the collapse stage.
 FPCA Procedures
After validating the platform structural model, select the collapse
loads to be applied. The applicable loads will be the vertical loading
representing all dead and super loads and 100-year environmental loads
(static push-over) or the 800-year ductility level earthquake
representing the lateral loading (seismic push-over).
For seismic FPC Analysis, we need to select a load pattern for the static
equivalent earthquake load. The load pattern governs the earthquake
load distribution from the top until base of the jacket structure.
In the first stage, gravity load is applied to structure in small increment
until full factored gravity load is applied and response due to gravity
load computes. For this stage the structure is remain elastic.
In the second stage of the static pushover analysis, a lateral load pattern
from 100-year environmental loads (static push-over) or a lateral loads
pattern representing the ductility-earthquake load, determined in step
above, is applied incrementally 10% to 30%.
Plastic Hinge Effects
Properties
QY

Hinge/slider

yf

UX

LH

QZ
 Plastic Hinge Effects
Properties

Residual Stress Model for

Wide Flange Sections

Steel Stress-Strain Model

(Balan, Filippou, Popov, 1998)
 Pushover Analysis
Mechanics

Load P

(3f1)P (2f1 + rf1)P

1 (2f1)P

f1P

Displacement
 Basic Pushover Analysis Procedure
1. Define nonlinearity
NL geometry, T/C only, NL springs, Cable elements, NL
member end connections, Plastic hinges, Hysteretic
friction damper element, NLS4PH spring element
2. Define independent loads to be used as the
incremental and optional constant loads for the
pushover analysis
3. Specify the pushover analysis control parameters
Incremental load, optional constant load, Iteration and
convergence control for equilibrium iterations and
collapse detection
4. Execute the pushover analysis
Pushover Analysis Results
LOAD RSR
DIRECTION
CASE MINIMUM MEMBER
2001 0 DEG 5.67 422
2002 45 DEG 5.75 422
2003 90 DEG 5.67 1312
2004 135 DEG 5.80 1312
2005 180 DEG 5.89 422
2006 225 DEG 5.61 422
2007 270 DEG 5.55 422
2008 315 DEG 5.46 422
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA
API RP 2A WSD 21st Ed, Recommended Practice for Planning,
Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms, 2010.
GT SRUDL User Group, Pushover Analysis: How Do You Do It?
What Do You Get?, 2003