Language Teaching

Approaches: An
Overview
Prepared by:
Paderes, Marielle H.
Objective:

At the end of the topic, the

participants will be able to:
differentiate
the types of
language teaching approaches.
What is Language?

it is a primary tool for communication.

Through language, people can transmit their

culture from one generation to the next. This
makes language the most important symbol in any
culture.
What is Approach?
is a set of assumptions that define beliefs and
theories about the nurture of the learner and
the process of learning.
1. GRAMMAR TRANSLATION APPROACH

It focused only on written skills of the learners

thus teaching through translation method under
specified techniques of deductive style.
2. DIRECT APPROACH

It focused more on spoken skills and

teaching inductively with no use of L1. However, it
had its own flaws.

example: trained teacher and other necessary

equipment like realia, pictures were hard to
acquire in every situation.
3. READING APPROACH

It is like Grammar Translation Approach

since it also stressed on written skills. But, it was
flexible approach as far as the teaching is
concerned.
4. AUDIO LINGUAL APPROACH

It enhances the Direct Approach and again

depreciates the Reading Approach. Still, it
demanded, as well, a trained teacher. Else, it was
more mimicry than fresh learning.
5. ORAL OR SITUATIONAL APPROACH

It is a reaction to the reading approach and

its lack of emphasis on oral-aural skills. Adds
features from Firthian linguistics and the
emerging professional field of language.
6. COGNITIVE APPROACH

It may be said to be a modern approach for

it views language learning to be a natural
process. It centers on teaching all four skills: in a
natural process, it overlooks errors as inevitable
happening.
7. AFFECTIVE- HUMANISTIC APPROACH

It is actually a modification of Cognitive

Approach.

It is a reaction to the general lack of

affective consideration in both Audiolingualism
and cognitive code.
8. COMPREHENSION BASED APPROACH

It tried to teach through a more natural

process also it offers a great deal of listening
and does not force to activate speaking from
learner. In fact, it is a step forward on the
Cognitive Approach.
9. COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH

One fairly modern approach, it views

language learning more as a system thus
revolving to teach as a system.

example: authentic material and practical

situation.
10. THE SILENT WAY

Students begin with sounds, introduced

through association of sounds in native
language to a sound-color chart. Teachers see
students errors and clues also to develop the
criteria for corrections.
11. SUGGESTOPEDIA

is a language learning method which

concerns more about the physical environment in
which learners take place.
12. TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR)

is a method of teaching language or vocabulary

concepts by using physical movement to react to verbal input.
The process mimics the way that infants learn their first
language, and it reduces student inhibitions and lowers
stress. The purpose of TPR is to create a brain link between
speech and action to boost language and vocabulary
learning.
13. COMMUNITY LANGUAGE LEARNING (CLL)

is an approach in which students work together

to develop what aspects of a language they would
like to learn .
The teacher acts as a counselor and a
paraphraser, sometimes this role can be changed.