Oracle Database 12c: New Features

Oracle Database 12c
New Features
Oracle Database 12c
Extreme Availability
Oracle Database 12c introduces significant new (HA) capabilities that

Drastically cut down planned and unplanned downtime
Eliminate compromises between HA and Performance
Tremendously boost operational productivity
These take Availability to unprecedented new levels

Next-generation Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
Optimized for Oracle
2 Copyright 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 12 of the corporate presentation template
Maximum Availability Architecture
Production Site Application Continuity Active Replica
Application HA
RAC Active Data Guard
Global Data Services Data Protection, DR
Scalability
Service Failover / Load Balancing Query Offload
Server HA
Flashback
Human error GoldenGate
correction Active-active
Heterogeneous
Edition-based Redefinition,
RMAN, Oracle Secure Backup
Online Redefinition, Data Guard, GoldenGate Backup to tape / cloud
Minimal downtime maintenance, upgrades, migrations
Oracle Database 12c
High Availability Key New Features
Application Continuity
Global Data Services
Data Guard Enhancements
RMAN Enhancements
Flex ASM
Other HA Enhancements
GoldenGate Update
In-Flight Work: Dealing With Outages
Current Situation
Database outages can cause

End User
in-flight work to be lost,
Application leaving users and
Servers
applications in-doubt
Often leads to
Database User pains
Servers
Duplicate submissions
Rebooting mid-tiers
Developer pains
Solving Application Development Pains
New in Oracle Database 12c
Transaction Guard Application Continuity
A reliable protocol and API Safely attempts to replay in-

that returns the outcome of flight work following outages
the last transaction and planned operations
Transaction Guard
Preserve and Retrieve COMMIT Outcome
API that supports known commit
outcome for every transaction
End User
Without Transaction Guard, upon
Application failures transaction retry can
Servers
cause logical corruption
With Transaction Guard,
Database
applications can deal gracefully
Servers with error situations, vastly
improving end-user experience
Used transparently by
Masks Unplanned/Planned Outages
Replays in-flight work on

End User
recoverable errors
Application
Servers Masks many hardware, software,
network, storage errors and outages
when successful
Transaction Replayed
Database
Servers
Improves end-user experience and
productivity without requiring
custom app development
Oracle Database 12c
RMAN Enhancements
Flex ASM
GoldenGate Update
Databases in Replicated Environments
Challenges
No seamless way to efficiently

use all the databases
Primary Active Standby
Active Standby
No automated load balancing
GoldenGate
and fault tolerance
Load Balancing and Service Failover for Replicated Databases
Extends RAC-style service failover, load

balancing (within and across data
centers), and management capabilities to
a set of replicated databases
Takes into account network latency,
replication lag, and service placement
policies
Achieve higher availability, improved
manageability and maximize
performance
Active Data Guard Example
Reporting client routed to best database
Reporting Service Based on location, response time, data, acceptable
data lag
Reports will automatically run on least loaded server
Call Center Service
Reporting client failover
If preferred database not available, will route to
Active Data Guard another database in same region or a remote
database
Global service migration

Automatically migrates services based on
failover/switchover - if primary database is down, start
Call Center service on the new primary
GoldenGate Example
Call Center Client connections and

requests transparently routed to the
Call Center Service closest / best database
Runtime load balancing metrics give client real-time
information on which database to issue next request
GoldenGate
If a database fails, its global services
restarted on another replica
Use Case: Active Data Guard without GDS
Critical E-Commerce App accessing What happens when
Active Data Guard Standby Active Standby is down?
Order Capture Order History View Order Capture Order History View
Orders History Orders History

Service Service Service Service
Data Guard Data Guard
Primary Active Standby Primary Active Standby
Use Case: Active Data Guard with GDS: All HA
Order Order History

Capture View
When Active Standby is down

GDS fails over History Service Global Data Services
to primary, redirects
connection through FAN/FCF
Orders History History
Service Service Service
Data Guard
Primary Active Standby
Global Data Services: Concepts
GDS Region: Group of databases and clients in close network proximity, e.g., East, West
GDS Pool: Databases that offer a common set of global services, e.g., HR, Sales
Global Service: Database Service provided by multiple databases with replicated data
Local service + {region affinity, replication lag, database cardinality}
Global Service Manager (GSM): Provides main GDS functionality: service management
and load balancing
Clients connect to GSM instead of database listener
At least one GSM per region or multiple GSMs for High Availability
All databases/services register to all GSM Listeners
GDS Catalog: stores all metadata, enables centralized global monitoring & management
Global service configuration stored in GDS Catalog
GDSCTL: Command-line Interface to administer GDS
Global Data Services: Summary
Globally Replicated, High Availability Architecture
Data Center #1 Data Center #2
APAC EMEA
SALES POOL (sales_reporting_srvc, sales_entry_srvc)
GDS Framework
Active Active
Active Data
Guard
Data dynamically balances user
Data Guard Guard
requests across multiple
Local
Primary
replicated sites
Standby Remote
Standby
Reader Farm
Based on location, load,
and availability
All GDS client databases connected to all GSMs
Global Service
Managers
Global Service
Managers Provides global availability
GDS Catalog Supports automatic
GDSCTL GDS Catalog
Standby
Primary service failover
HR POOL(hr_apac_srvc, hr_emea_srvc) GDS integrates disparate
Oracle
databases into a unified
Active Active
Data
Guard
GoldenGate Data Guard data cloud
Local Master Local
Standby Master Standby GSM - Global Service Manager
Oracle Database 12c
RMAN Enhancements
Flex ASM
GoldenGate Update
Zero Data Loss Challenge
Synchronous Communication Leads To Performance Trade-Offs
Commit Ack Network Ack
Commit Network Send
Primary Standby
The longer the distance, the larger the performance impact
Data Guard Async Today
Some Data Loss Exposure Upon Disaster
ASYNC Standby
Primary
Active Data Guard Far Sync New in 12.1
Zero Data Loss For Async Deployments
Far Sync: light-weight Oracle instance: standby control file, standby

redo logs, archived redo logs, no data files
Receives redo synchronously from primary, forwards redo
asynchronously in real-time to standby
Upon Failover: Async standby transparently obtains last committed
redo from Far Sync and applies: zero data loss failover
Second Far Sync Instance can be pre-configured to transmit in
reverse direction after failover/switchover
Terminal standbys required to be Active Data Guard Standbys
Active Data Guard Far Sync
Operational Flow
Standby
Primary
SYNC
ASYNC
Far Sync
Instance
Operational Flow (contd.)
Zero Data Loss Standby

Primary
SYNC
ASYNC
Far Sync
Instance
No Compromise Between Availability and Performance!

Benefits
Best data protection, least performance impact
Low cost and complexity
Best way to implement a near DR + Far DR model
Relevant to existing Data Guard ASYNC configurations
Data Guard Failover? No Problem! Just do it No Data Loss!
Active Data Guard Real-Time Cascading
Eliminates Propagation Delay
In 11.2, Standby 1 waits till log switch before forwarding redo from
archived logs to Standby 2
Primary SYNC or ASYNC Standby 1 ASYNC Standby 2
In 12.1, Standby 1 forwards redo to Standby 2 in real-time, as it is

received: no propagation delay for a log switch
Standby 2 (Active Data Guard Standby) is up-to-date for offloading
read-only queries and reports
Data Guard Fast Sync
Reduced Primary Database Impact for Maximum Availability
Primary Standby
LGWR NSS RFS For SYNC transport: remote site
Commit acknowledges received redo before
Commit writing it to standby redo logs
Acknowledge Redo Standby
Logs Redo
Logs
Reduces latency of commit on primary
Better DR increased SYNC distance
Acknowledge
If network round-trip latency less than

returned on receipt
Primary Standby
LGWR NSS RFS time for local online redo log write,
Commit
synchronous transport will not impact
Commit
Acknowledge Redo
primary database performance
Standby
Logs Redo
Logs
Data Guard
Other New Features in Oracle Database 12c
Rolling Upgrade With Active Data Guard DML on Global Temporary Tables
Automate complexity through simple PL/SQL Package: Temporary undo is not logged in redo logs
DBMS_ROLLING (12.1.0.1 onwards), with simple Init,
Enables DML on global temporary tables on Active
Build, Start, Switchover, Finish procedures
Data Guard: more reporting support
Additional Data Type Support: XML OR, Binary XML,
Spatial, Image, Oracle Text, DICOM, ADTs (simple Set by default on Active Data Guard standby
types, varrays),
Validate Role Change Readiness Unique Sequences

Ensure Data Guard configuration ready for switchover Primary allocates a unique range of sequence numbers
with automated health checks verify no log gaps, to each Standby
perform log switch, detects any inconsistencies,
Enables more flexible reporting choices for Active Data
ensures online log files cleared on standby,
Guard
Oracle Database 12c
RMAN Enhancements
Flex ASM
GoldenGate Update
Fine-grained Table Recovery From Backup
Simple RECOVER TABLE command to
recover one or more tables (most
recent or older version) from an RMAN
backup
101 Eliminates time and complexity
01 010 associated with manual restore, recover
1 1 101001
1 011011110 & export
0 0 1 0 1 00 0 0
Enables fine-grained point-in-time
1001101
1010 recovery of individual tables instead of
01 RMAN the contents of the entire tablespace
Backups
Cross-Platform Backup & Restore
Simplified Platform Migration
Source Database (AIX) Destination Database (Solaris)
1001
00 1010000 1
1 0110111101
1 1 101
1 0000101 00
1011110110 1
Backup
101 1 1
1001
to Disk/Tape Restore Backup

(data files, optional (optional endian
endian conversion, conversion,
metadata export) metadata import)
Simplifies procedure for platform migration

Minimize read-only impact with multiple incremental backups
Oracle Multitenant Backup & Restore
Fine-Grained Backup & Recovery to Support Consolidation
Backup and recover specific pluggable databases with new PLUGGABLE DATABASE keywords:
RMAN> BACKUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB1>, <PDB2>;
Familiar BACKUP DATABASE command backs up CDB, including all PDBs
PDB Complete Recovery
RESTORE PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB>;
RECOVER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB>;
PDB Point-in-Time Recovery
RMAN> RUN {
SET UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE-3';
RESTORE PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB>;
RECOVER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB>;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB> OPEN RESETLOGS; }
Familiar RECOVER DATABASE command recovers CDB, including all PDBs
Better Performance
Other New Features in Oracle Database 12c
Enhanced Multi-section Backup capability: now supports image copies

and incremental backups
More efficient synchronization of standby database using simple
RMAN command: RECOVER DATABASE FROM SERVICE
Enhanced Active Duplicate
Cloning workload moved to destination server via auxiliary channels,
relieving resource bottlenecks on source
Cloning can now use RMAN compression and multi-section capability to
further increase performance
Oracle Database 12c
RMAN Enhancements
Flex ASM
GoldenGate Update
Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Overview
Current State
RAC Cluster
Database Instance
One to One DB
ASM Instance
DB DB DB DB DB
Mapping of ASM
ASM Instance
Instances to
Servers
A A B B B C
Node1 ASM Node2 ASM Node3 ASM Node4
ASM Node5 ASM
ASM Cluster Pool of Storage

Shared Disk Disk Group A Disk Group B ASM Disk
Groups
Wide File Striping
Flex ASM: Eliminate 1:1 Server Mapping
New: ASM Storage Consolidation in Oracle Database 12c
RAC Cluster
Database Instance
Databases share DB
ASM Instance
DB DB DB DB DB
ASM instances
ASM Instance
A A B B B C
Node1 Node2 ASM Node3 ASM Node4
ASM Node5
Node1 Node2 Node5

runs as runs as runs as
ASM ASM ASM
Client to Client to Client to
Node2
Node4 Node3 Node4
Groups
Wide File Striping
Flex ASM: Supporting Oracle Database 11g
Previous Database Versions Will Host Local ASM Instance
RAC Cluster
11
Database Instance 11
Databases share DB DB DB DB DB DB
ASM instances .2
ASM Instance
.2
A A B B B C
Node1
DB
ASM ASM Node2 Node3 ASM Node4
ASM DB ASM
Node5

Groups
Wide File Striping
Oracle Database 12c
RMAN Enhancements
Flex ASM
GoldenGate Update
Online Datafile Move Online Redefinition Enhancements

Relocate a datafile while users are actively Improved sync_interim_table performance
accessing data: ALTER DATABASE MOVE
DATAFILE Ability to redefine table with VPD policies
Maintains data availability during storage Improved resilience of finish_redef_table

migration Better handling of multi-partition redefinition
Separation of Duties Additional Online Operations

SYSDG / SYSBACKUP: Data Guard & RMAN Drop index online / Alter index unusable online / Alter
specific administrative privileges index visible / invisible online
No access to user data: enforce security Drop constraint online / Set unused column online
standards throughout the enterprise
Online move partition: ALTER TABLE MOVE
PARTITION ONLINE
Oracle Database 12c
RMAN Enhancements
Flex ASM
GoldenGate Update
Oracle GoldenGate 12c*
Low-Impact, Real-Time Data Integration & Transactional Replication
New DB/ Zero Downtime Upgrade
HW/OS/APP & Migration
Fully Active
Distributed Active-Active High Availability
DB
Oracle Database12c * Exact Copy Disaster Recovery for

of Primary Non-Oracle Databases
Log-based Reporting
Query & Report Offloading
Database
Changed Data
Data Real-time BI, Operational
Oracle & Non-Oracle Reporting, MDM
Warehouse
Database(s)
Data Integrator
ODS Global
Data Synchronization within the
Data Enterprise
Centers
Message Bus Message
Event Driven Architecture, SOA
Bus
*: GoldenGate 12c for Oracle Database 12c will be available in FY14
GoldenGate Zero Downtime Migration/Upgrade
Seamless Migration and Upgrades to Oracle Database 12c*
Consolidate/migrate/ Oracle Database 12c

Switchover
maintain systems without
downtime
Minimize risk with Compare &
Verify using
failback option Oracle GoldenGate
Veridata
Validate data before
Real-Time Optional
switchover Replication Failback
Use Active-Active For Migrations Data Flow
Nn-
replication for phased Non-
Oracle Oracle Oracle
Oracle 10.2 11.2
user migration ERP
ERP CRM DW
Oracle GoldenGate for Active-Active Databases
Increase ROI on Existing Servers & Synchronize Data
Utilize secondary
Oracle Database 12c
systems for transactions
Enable continuous
availability during
unplanned & planned
outages
Synchronize data across Heterogeneous Bi-Directional
global data centers Real-Time Replication
Use intelligent conflict Non- Oracle Oracle

detection & resolution Oracle 10.2 11.2
App App2 App3
In-Memory & Analytic
Features
Oracle Database In-Memory Option
Leading edge In-Memory technology

Seamlessly integrated into Oracle Database
Delivers Extreme Performance for

Analytics and Ad-Hoc reporting on live data
Enterprise OLTP and Data Warehousing
Scale-up and Scale-out
Trivial to Deploy for All Applications and Customers
Adaptive Query Optimization
Adaptive Query
Adaptive Plans
Adjust query plans at runtime based upon current data Optimization
Adaptive Statistics
Adapt optimizer statistics at runtime
Learn for future queries Adaptive Statistics
Adaptive Plans
Parallel At
Join At run
distribution compile
Methods time
Methods time
Adaptive Execution Plans
Good SQL execution without intervention
HJ
Plan decision deferred until
Table scan
HJ
runtime
NL Threshold
T2 exceeded, plan
switches
Table scan Table scan
Final decision is based on
T1 T2 statistics collected during
Index
Table scan
T1
Scan execution
T2
Oracle E-Business Suite Reports

If statistics prove to be out of
600 range, sub-plans can be
500
Elapsed Time
400
swapped
300
200
Bad effects of skew
100 eliminated
0
Oracle In-Database Analytics
Statistical Functions
Data Mining &
Predictive Analytics
Text Search
Text Mining
Graph Analysis
Spatial Analysis
Semantic Analysis
In-Database
MapReduce
Why In-Database Analytics?
Differentiating Features
Performance and Scalability
Leverages power and scalability of Oracle Database.
Fastest Way to Develop Applications
Specialized APIs and flexible SQL access
Lowest Total Costs of Ownership
No need for separate analytical servers
Oracle Advanced Analytics
Fastest Way to Deliver Scalable Enterprise-wide Predictive Analytics
Key Features
In-database data mining algorithms
and open source R algorithms
SQL, PL/SQL, R languages
Scalable, parallel in-database
execution
Workflow GUI and IDEs
Integrated component of Database
Enables enterprise analytical
applications
In-Database Analytics:
The On-Going Evolution of SQL
Pattern matching
Statistical functions Top N clause
SQL model clause
Introduction of Identity Columns
Window functions Partition Outer Join Column Defaults
4 5
Enhanced Window SQL Pivot

functions (percentile,etc) Recursive WITH
Rollup, grouping sets, cube ListAgg, Nth value window
Oracle Database 12c
Extreme Availability: Summary
Oracle Database 12c offers a tremendously sophisticated

set of high availability (HA) capabilities
These capabilities
Further reduce downtime
Significantly improve productivity
Eliminate traditional compromises
Oracle Database 12c:
Engineered for Clouds and Big Data
Database as a Service
Big Data
Cloud
Private Database Cloud Architectures
Oracle Database 11g
Private Database Cloud Architectures
Oracle Database 12c
Oracle Database Architecture
Requires memory, processes and database files
New Multitenant Architecture
Memory and processes required at multitenant container level only
Multitenant Architecture
Components of a Multitenant Container Database (CDB)
Multitenant Architecture
Multitenant architecture can currently

support up to 252 PDBs
A PDB feels and operates identically to
a non-CDB
You cannot tell, from the viewpoint of a
connected client, if youre using a PDB
or a non-CDB
Unplug / Plug
Simply unplug from the old CDB and plug into the new CDB
Moving between CDBs is a simple

case of moving a PDBs metadata
An unplugged PDB carries with it
lineage, opatch, encryption key
info etc.
Unplug / Plug
Example
Common Data Dictionary
Before 12.1: Oracle and user meta data intermingle over time
Oracle Data and User Data
Horizontally Partitioned Data Dictionary
Multitenant Architecture - Dynamics
PDBs share common SGA and

background processes
Foreground sessions see only the
PDB they connect to
Manage Many as One with Multitenant
Backup databases as one; recover at pluggable database level
Manage Many as One with Multitenant
One standby database covers all pluggable databases
Multitenant for Simplified Upgrades
Apply changes once, all pluggable databases updated
Multitenant for Patching
Flexible choice when patching & upgrading databases
Improved Agility with Changing Workloads
Expand Cluster to support flexible consolidation model
Unprecedented Agility with Pluggable Portability
PDB migrates though SLAs as it becomes more mission critical
Multitenant for Provisioning
Fast cloning of PDBs
PDBs can be cloned from

within the same CDB
PDBs can be cloned from
remote CDBs
Advantages of Multitenant Architecture
Reduced CapEx & OpEx, Increased Agility, Easy Adoption
Managing Shared Resources
Resource management in multitenant environment
Managing Resources between PDBs
Using Resource Manager, you can control

CPU
Exadata I/O
Sessions
Parallel execution servers
Configure a policy that controls how resources are utilized
Default configuration that works, even as PDBs are added or removed
Hard limits, for get what you pay for
Managing Resources between PDBs
The model is industry standard based on two notions:

A number of shares is allocated to each PDB
A cap (a.k.a. maximum utilization limit) may be applied to
each PDB
Manage CPU
Upgrade to Multitenant
Step 1: Upgrade databases in-place
Upgrade to Multitenant
Step 2: Plug-in upgraded databases
Use Cases
1. Multitenant for Test and Development
Fast, flexible copy and snapshot of pluggable databases
2. Consolidation of Disparate Applications
Shared overhead of memory and processes
3. Self-service Database as a Service (DBaaS)
Pick from standard sizes and service levels
4. Multitenant. Perfect for SaaS
Multitenancy implemented by the Database, not the Application
5. Multitenant. Perfect for ISVs
Packaged apps and reference data are easily distributed
Use Cases
1. Development / Testing start here!

2. Consolidation of Disparate Applications
3. Database as a Service (DBaaS) on Private Cloud
4. Software as a Service (SaaS)
5. ISVs: Distribution of Packaged Apps and Data
6. many others!
Partners Support Oracle Multitenant
Key Benefits
Thank you! Questions?
Dont forget about our Hands On Labs!
Oracle Database 12c Features
with Oracle SQL Developer HOL10047
Thursday 3:30PM
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Oracle Database 12c

Oracle Database 12c introduces significant new (HA) capabilities that

These take Availability to unprecedented new levels

Database outages can cause

Transaction Guard Application Continuity

A reliable protocol and API Safely attempts to replay in-

Replays in-flight work on

No seamless way to efficiently

Extends RAC-style service failover, load

Global service migration

Call Center Client connections and

Orders History Orders History

Data Guard Data Guard

Primary Active Standby Primary Active Standby

Order Order History

When Active Standby is down

Primary Active Standby

GDSCTL: Command-line Interface to administer GDS

Commit Ack Network Ack

Commit Network Send

Far Sync: light-weight Oracle instance: standby control file, standby

Zero Data Loss Standby

No Compromise Between Availability and Performance!

Best data protection, least performance impact

Low cost and complexity

Best way to implement a near DR + Far DR model

Relevant to existing Data Guard ASYNC configurations

Data Guard Failover? No Problem! Just do it No Data Loss!

Primary SYNC or ASYNC Standby 1 ASYNC Standby 2

In 12.1, Standby 1 forwards redo to Standby 2 in real-time, as it is

If network round-trip latency less than

Validate Role Change Readiness Unique Sequences

to Disk/Tape Restore Backup

Simplifies procedure for platform migration

Enhanced Multi-section Backup capability: now supports image copies

ASM Cluster Pool of Storage

Wide File Striping

Node1 Node2 Node5

Wide File Striping

ASM Cluster Pool of Storage

Wide File Striping

Online Datafile Move Online Redefinition Enhancements

Maintains data availability during storage Improved resilience of finish_redef_table

Separation of Duties Additional Online Operations

Oracle Database12c * Exact Copy Disaster Recovery for

Consolidate/migrate/ Oracle Database 12c

*: GoldenGate 12c for Oracle Database 12c will be available in FY14

Use intelligent conflict Non- Oracle Oracle

*: GoldenGate 12c for Oracle Database 12c will be available in FY14

Leading edge In-Memory technology

Delivers Extreme Performance for

Trivial to Deploy for All Applications and Customers

Oracle E-Business Suite Reports

Enhanced Window SQL Pivot

Oracle Database 12c offers a tremendously sophisticated

Multitenant architecture can currently

Moving between CDBs is a simple

PDBs share common SGA and

PDBs can be cloned from

Using Resource Manager, you can control

The model is industry standard based on two notions:

1. Development / Testing start here!

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