Design and Performance

evaluation of mmWave Massive

MIMO Future networks
Guided By:
Mrs.Vineetha Mathai Presented By:
S.Vijaya selvan
2016610041
Presentation Outline
CR VANETs - Introduction
Issues and Challenges in CR- VANETs
Problem Statement
Objective
Literature Survey
Methodology
Output
Work Plan
 Vehicular Ad hoc Networks
VANET is defined as a spontaneous ad hoc network
formed over vehicles moving on the road
Vehicles acts as a fast moving mobile nodes
This can be formed between vehicles (V2V) or
between vehicles and infrastructure (V2I)
VANET improves road safety by enabling collision
warning, traffic information , driver assistance and
monitoring
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks
 Cognitive Radio Networks
CRN is an emerging technology to improve spectrum
usage and alleviate spectrum scarcity by exploiting
underused spectral resources through opportunistic
spectrum access
The users are classified into
Primary (Licensed) Users
Secondary (Unlicensed) Users

CRN ensures that the operation of the primary user

is not affected
Cognitive Radio Networks
 Why CR for VANETS?
The US FCC allocated 75Mhz of Dedicated Short
Range Communications (DSRC) spectrum at 5.9GHz
to use exclusively for vehicular communication for
enabling public safety applications
The channels supported, are limited and not sufficient
as there is significant rise in vehicular applications
The spectrum scarcity leads to congested vehicular
networks with poor quality of links
 CR VANETs
Cognitive Radio
technology presents a
promising solution for
spectrum scarcity
Each vehicle (SU) is
permitted to transmit
data packets in
licensed channels by
CR without
intervening in primary
user activities
 Issues and challenges in CR-VANET
Spectrum Sensing
Routing
Medium access control protocols
Security
 Problem Formulation
Conventional routing protocols are not
suitable for CR-VANETs due to varying
network topology and frequent disconnection
 Objective
To propose a routing protocol for Cognitive
VANETs with faster adaptability, better fault
tolerance and minimum end-to-end delay
 Literature Survey
S.No Title
1 Kamal Deep Singh, Priyanka
Rawat and Jean-Marie
Bonnin,Cognitive Radio for
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks:
approaches and Challenges in
EURASIP Journal on Wireless
Communication and Networking,
2014
2 Joanne Mun-Yee Lim, Yoong
Choon Chang, Muhammad Yousof
Alias and Jonathan Loo,
Cognitive Radio network in
vehicular ad hoc
networks(VANET):A Survey, in
Cogent Engineering review
Article, 2016
Summary
In this the novel approaches and research
challenges to the use of cognitive radio
VANETS has been surveyed. The
solutions proposed for CR networks
cannot be directly applied for CR
VANETS due to their unique features.
Several challenges and requirements for
CR-VANET have been identified
Several problems in Cognitive radio
VANET has been highlighted. The
current scenarios use static parameters
for CR-VANET even though it is not
static and has ever-changing nature. CR
VANET has many loose ends and the
make before break concept has been
suggested to improve transmission
quality
 Literature Survey
Title Summary
S.No Limitations
3 Chun Chin Lou,Yau Kwan Kuo, A TARCO is proposed This
Traffic aware routing protocol that will consider the real methodology
with cooperative coverage time traffic conditions does not
oriented information collection for providing delivery consider the
method for VANET , in paths over a vehicular cognitive
Institution of Engineering and environment with low radio concept
Technology Journal, 2017 end to end delay and high
packet delivery ratio
4 Tareq Anwar Sohan, Hasib An intuitive graph The
Hamidul Haque,Md, Asif Hasan, coloring-based algorithm proposed
and A.B.M. Alim Al Islam,A is proposed and the method
Graph coloring based Dynamic performance is follows the
Channel Assignment Algorithm investigated, scheme of
For Cognitive Radio VANET, in drop one
IEEE , 2016 serve all basis
 Literature Survey

Title Summary Limitations

S.N
o
5 Jing Liu , Pinyi Ren, Shaoli Xue, The EPDM-R The channel is
Hao Chen, Expected Path algorithm propose assumed to have
Duration Maximized Routing to find the path ideal characteristics
Algorithm in CR-VANETs , with maximum
International Conference on duration for
Communications in China, IEEE , freeway mobility
2012 model.
 Proposed Methodology
We propose spectrum and connectivity aware
anchor based geographic routing protocol with
co-operative coverage-oriented information
collection method for CR VANETs for both
urban and highway scenario that will work
both in connected and sparse mode
Block Diagram
Example scenario
Methodology
Cooperative Traffic Information Collection
 Parameters for Simulation
System Parameters
Number of Base Station Antennas =64
Number of Base Station RF chains=16
Number of Mobile Station Antennas=32
Number of Mobile Station RF chains=8
Number of Quantization bits of phase
shifters=7
 Channel Parameters
Number of Paths p=3
Carrier frequency F=28 GHz
Wavelength =C/F
C=3*10^8
Path loss constant n=3
Distance between Base station and Mobile
station d=50
 Path Loss r=(/4*5)^2*(5/d)^n
Average transmitted power Pt=10^(.7)watts
Average received power=Pt*r
Noise Calculation
Bandwidth BW=100MHz
Noise Power in dB N0_dB=-173+10*log10(BW)
Absolute noise power=10^(.1*N0_dB)
 Channel Estimation Algorithm Parameters
Required resolution for BS AOD=192
Required resolution for MS AOA=192
Number of beam forming vectors per stage=2
Number of measurement vectors per stage=2
Number of desired estimated path = Number
of paths
 Sensing Data Aggregation
Finding Correlation:

Merging condition

f similarity function
predefined threshold value
 Sensing Data Aggregation
Updating energy from neighboring nodes:

Where alpha is the ration and given by

 Spectrum Detection
Presence of TV spectrum holes in current and
future segments is calculated from

Where is sensitive threshold

List of Sensing Results
Output
Output
 Work Plan
First Review:
The energy detector based spectrum sensing is done for a
horizon h and the available spectrum holes are identified

Second Review:
The routing is to be done using detected spectrum holes

Third Review:
Comparison of the results with existing algorithms
 References
[1] Chun Chin Lou, Yau Kwan Kuo, Traffic aware routing protocol
with cooperative coverage oriented information collection
method for VANET , in Institution of Engineering and
Technology Journal, 2017
[2] Huma Ghafoor, Insoo Koo, Spectrum and Connectivity Aware
Anchor-based Routing in Cognitive Vehicular Ad Hoc
Networks, IEEE, 2016
[3] Joanne Mun-Yee Lim,Yoong Choon Chung, Mohamad Yusaf
Alias, Jonathan Lao, Cognitive Radio Network in vehicular ad
hoc networking: A survey, in Electrical and Electronics
Engineering review article, 2016
[4] Kamal Deep Singh, Priyanka Rawat and Jean Marie Bonnin,
Cognitive radio for vehicular ad hoc networks: approaches and
challenges, in EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communication
and Networking, 2014
 References
[5] Miao Pan, Pan Li, and Yuguang Fang, Cooperative
Communication Aware Link Scheduling for CR VANETs, in
IEEE Journal on Selected areas in communication, May 2012
[6] Nancy Rai, Rupinder Kaur Gurm, VANET Routing with
Cognitive Radio Network Over high Density Road,
International Journal on Advanced Research in Computer
Science and Software Engineering, September 2015
[7] Omid Abedi, Sima Bemaninejad, Soft and Stable Routing
for CR VANETs Considering Cognitive users mobility , 11th
International Conference on Innovations in Information
Technology , IEEE , 2015
 References
[8] Seung eun-Chung, Joon Yoo, Chong Kwon Kim, A
Cognitive Mac for VANET Based on the WAVE System,
ICACT,2009
[9] Tareq Anwar Sohan, Hasib Hamidul Haque, Md, Asif Hasan,
Md. Jahidul Islam and A.B.M.Alim Ali Islam, A Graph
coloring based Dynamic Channel Assignment Algorithm for
Cognitive Radio Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, IEEE, 2016
[10] Shaoli Xue, Hao Chen, Jing Liu, Pinyi Ren, Expected Path
Duration Maximized Routing Algorithm in CR-VANETs, in
IEEE International Conference in China, 2012
Thank You