HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC MODELING

Hydrologic Precipitation & Basin Parameters,

Flood Frequency Analysis

Hydraulic Energy & Momentum Relationships

HYDROLOGIC MODELING

Water Budget Analysis Droughts

Water Supply Reservoir Operations

Rule Curve

Hydrologic Routings Overland Flow

(Rational Formula: Q = CIA)

River Channel
(Muskingkum, Straddle Stagger, etc.)

Flood Frequencies e.g., 50 & 100 Year Floods

(log Pearson Type III distribution)
HYDRAULIC MODELING

Steady State Step Backwater Computations

(FEMA FlRM Flood Studies)

Unsteady State Dam Breach Analyses,

Detail Flood Studies,
Dynamic Riverine Conditions
HYDRAULIC MODELING HISTORY
Pre 1970 Paper Spreadsheets
Physical Models Logan Martin at Univ of AL
Farley Nuclear Plant at Auburn Univ
US Army Corps of Engineers
Waterways Experiment Station (WES)
at Vicksburg, MS

Post 1970 Fortran 66 US Army Corps of Engineers

Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC)
at Davis, CA

HEC-1 (Basin Overland Flow) HEC HMS

HEC-2 (Steady State River Routings) HEC RAS (Also Unsteady State)
HEC-5 (Reservoir Operations) RES SIM
HEC-6 (Sediment Transport)
NEXGEN
EXCEL Spreadsheets
HYDRAULIC MODELING HISTORY (Continued)
Post 1977

1976 Teton Dam Idaho 14 Killed

1977 Laurel Run Dam Pennsylvania 40 Killed

1977 Taccoa Falls Dam Georgia 39 Killed

HYDRAULIC MODELING HISTORY (Continued)
Post 1977 DAMBRK Dr. Danny Fread
National Weather Service (NWS)
Silver Springs, MD

UNET Dr. Robert Barkau

at Colorado State

DWOPER
HEC RAS
BRANCH
FLDWAV
 HYDROLOGIC MODELING EXAMPLE (Water Budget)

R L HARRIS
Impact of 200 CFS Minimum Flow during Peak Season
795
Rule Curve
Historical Average
793
+200 CFS Peak Season
Drought Contingency
791

789

787
Elev (msl)

785

783

781

779

777

775
1-Jan 1-Feb 1-Mar 1-Apr 1-May 1-Jun 1-Jul 1-Aug 1-Sep 1-Oct 1-Nov 1-Dec
 HYDROLOGIC MODELING EXAMPLE (Routings)

Black Warrior River

140000 Smith Inflow

120000 Smith
Discharge

Arkadelphia
100000
Flow (cfs)

Sayre
80000
Bankhead
60000 Inflow

Gaged Inflow

40000 Poly.
(Bankhead
20000 Inflow )
3 per. Mov.
Avg. (Smith
Inflow )
0
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71
Hours Feb 5-7 2004
HYDROLOGIC MODELING EXAMPLE (Flood Frequency Analysis)

R L HARRIS Reservoir Inflow

(1924-2003)
125,000

100 YR

250 YR

500 YR
10 YR

25 YR

50 YR
1 YR

2 YR

5 YR
100,000

75,000
Peak Inflow (cfs)

50,000

25,000

-
100.00 10.00 1.00 0.10
Exceedance

Computed Expected 5% 95% 80 Records

 HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Steady State)

HEC-RAS ROUTINGS OF LAY RESERVOIR

LOGAN LAY DAM
430 MARTI

Cedar Creek
S.C.L. R.R.

Tallasseehatchee Crk.

Narrows
Waxahatchee Creek
Hwy 280 Bridge
Talladega Creek

Yellowleaf Creek
Southern R.R.
Paper Mill

SEGCO Steam Plant

Kelly Creek

425

420

HEC-RAS 100 YR
1979
Elevation (msl)

415 32.9K
APC Easement
APC Fee

410

405

400

395
100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50
Stream Miles Above Mouth of Coosa River
 HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (DAMBRK)

R L HARRIS DAM BREACH

STAGE AND TIME HYDROGRAPHS
May 2003 Flood
R L HARRIS DAM MARTIN DAM
740.00 26.0

720.00 24.0

700.00 22.0

680.00 20.0

660.00 18.0

Time to Peak Elevation (hr)

640.00 16.0
Page 13

620.00 14.0
Time to Peak
600.00 w/ Failure 12.0
w/o Failure
580.00 10.0

560.00 8.0

540.00 6.0

520.00 4.0

500.00 2.0

480.00 -
140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60
Tallapoosa River Mile FIGURE 12
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)

RS = 1.98 IS
.05 .035 .05
630 Legend

629 Ground
Bank Sta
628

627

626

625

624

623

622

621

Elevation (ft)
620

619

618

617

616

615

614

613

612

611

610
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Station (ft)

RS = 5.01 IS
.05 .035
650 Legend

649 Ground
Bank Sta
648

647

646

645

644

643

642

641

Elevation (ft)
640

639

638

637

636

635

634

633

632

631

630
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Station (ft)
 HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)

PROFILE OF THE TALLPOOSA RIVER

From R L Harris Dowstream to the Wadley Gauge
665

660

655

650

645

640
Elevation (msl)

635

630

625

620

615

610

605

600

595
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Miles Above Wadley Gauge
 HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)

R L HARRIS GENERATION SCHEDULE R L HARRIS GENERATION SCHEDULE

8/25/2000 FRIDAY 753 CFS 9/6/2003 SATURDAY 428 CFS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 1
2 2

8/26/2000 SATURDAY 170 CFS 9/7/2003 SUNDAY 209 CFS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 1
2 2

8/27/2000 SUNDAY 201 CFS 9/8/2003 MONDAY 2,322 CFS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 1
2 2

8/28/2000 MONDAY 323 CFS 9/9/2003 TUESDAY 1,196 CFS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 1
2 2

8/29/2000 TUESDAY 140 CFS 9/10/2003 WEDNESDAY 1,653 CFS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 1
2 2

8/30/2000 WEDNESDAY 182 CFS 9/11/2003 THURSDAY 1,123 CFS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 1
2 2

8/31/2000 THURSDAY 253 CFS 9/12/2003 FRIDAY 1,014 CFS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 1
2 2

9/1/2000 FRIDAY 491 CFS 9/13/2003 SATURDAY 2,461 CFS

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
1 1
2 2
 HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
River: Tallapoosa River Reach: Harris to Wadley RS: 0.00
607 Legend

3 GEOTUBES
5 GEOTUBES
EXIST RIVER

606

605
Stage (ft)

604

603

602

601
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 01 02
Aug2000 01Sep2000
Time
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)

2 MACHINE HOURS

605.00

604.50

604.00

603.50
WSE (ft)

603.00

602.50

602.00

w/o Pulse Exist

601.50 w/ Pulse Exist
w/o Pulse 3 GEO
w/ Pulse 3 GEO

601.00
0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 0:00
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)

2 MACHINE HOURS

3,000

2,500

2,000
FLOW (cfs)

1,500

1,000

500
w/o Pulse Exist
w/ Pulse Exist
w/o Pulse 3 GEO
w/ Pulse 3 GEO
-
0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 0:00
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)

2 MACHINE HOURS

3.00

2.50

2.00
VELOCITY (fps)

1.50

1.00

0.50 w/o Pulse Exist

w/ Pulse Exist
w/o Pulse 3 GEO
w/ Pulse 3 GEO
-
0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 0:00
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)

GeoTube at RM 1.98

618 6.00

617 5.00
Elevation (msl)

Velocity (fps)
616 4.00

Elevation
615 Velocity 3.00

614 2.00
0 200 400 600 800
Flow at Notch (cfs)
 HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
R L Harris Dam downstream to Wadley Plan: 1) USS AUG00 3G 3/4/2004 2) USS AUG00 EX 3/4/2004
Harris to Wadley
Legend

Pow er Total 01SEP2000 1045 - USS AUG00 3G

Pow er Total 01SEP2000 1045 - USS AUG00 EX
1.4

1.2

1.0
Power Total (lb/ft s)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Main Channel Distance (mi)
HYDRAULIC MODELING EXAMPLE - (HEC-RAS Unsteady State)
R L Harris Dam downstream to Wadley Plan: 1) USS AUG00 3G 3/4/2004 2)
5.87207* Legend
5.83471*
5.79735* WS 31AUG2000 2045 - USS AUG00 3G
5.76
5.722* WS -
5.684* Ground
5.646*
5.608* Bank Sta
5.57*
5.532* Ground
5.494*
5.456*
5.418*
5.38
5.342*
5.304*
5.266*
5.228*
5.19*
5.152*
5.114*
5.076*
5.038*
5.00
4.945*
4.89
4.85*
4.81
4.77230*
4.73461*
4.69692*
4.65923*
4.62153*
4.58384*
4.54615*
4.50846*
4.47076*
4.43307*
4.39538*
4.35769*
4.32
4.28153*
4.24307*
4.20461*
4.16615*
4.12769*
4.08923*
4.05076*
4.01230*
3.97384*