Biological Science

Dr. Sri Anggraeni, MSi

Fundamental Biology
 Biology is the scientific study of life

Biologist explore life form microorganism

or microscopic to the global scale

Biologist explore life across the great

diversity of species

Biologist use of various form of inquiry to

explore life
 dont follow something without ilm
(science/knowledge), Because your
heard, sight and heart /qolb will ask
your responsibility
(Qs ! s 17 : 36)

Science /knowledge is
observation/experience products or your
knowledge have proved
 Science

Science (L) = to know

Science is ways of knowing

Its developed from our curiosity about
ourselves, others life form,
the world around us and
The universe
 Scientific approaches

Discovery Hypothetical
science driven science
Discovery Science

Discoveryscience enables us to describe life at

its many levels from ecosystem down to cells and
molecule.

anatomy / morphology & behavior

Discovery science
seeks natural world causes for
natural phenomena
scope : structure & proces
- observation
- measurement
- tools/ instruments

data / facts
conclusion/generalization
principes/concepts/theory
Scientific Methodes
Observation

Problem/Questions

Hypothesis

the test doesnt Experiment test support Ho

Support Ho ( test) new prediction
& or pose new one
Revise Ho Analysis
Conclusion
Ho : lizard dapat beradaptasi untuk
mempertahankan perubahan suhu
tubuhnya terhadap lingkungan

Temperatur e(o C)

hour air torotoize lizard mouse

6 am 22 21 27 36

12 am 31 29 30 37

6 pm 27 26 29 37

midnight 23 22 27 37

6 am 21 21 28 36
 another test of the spider mimic hypothesis wing
transplants
14
% number of stalks and attack response by spider

12
12
11
10
10

2
1
0
0
normal mimic with mimic with housely with normal
spider mimic mimic wing housely wing mimic wing housely
transplants transplants transplants
Science activity scope :
Asking questions about natural world
(i.e., always curiosity about objects and
natural world phenomena );

trying to answer ones own questions;

(i.e., proposing possible explanations);
 designing experiments to determine
the validity of the explanation
offered;

collecting evidence from

observations of nature,
mathematics calculations, and,
whenever possible, experiments
carried out to establish the validity
of the original explanations;
 communicating the evidence to
others who must agree with the
interpretation of the evidence in
order for the explanation to
become accepted by the broader
community (of scientists).
Scientific experimental project

- Getting Started
The Scientific Method
Your Question
Laboratory Notebook
Doing Background Research
Background Research Plan
Finding Information
Bibliography
Research Paper
 Bakcground (what is your problem, how
can you cacth from daily life, what the
basic concept/principles/theory in your
study, how important your problem,are
there any referrence (the relevan study)
for your experiment)
State The problem (question)
your lab notebook contains a detailed and
permanent account of every step of your
project, from the initial brainstorming to
the final data analysis and research report
Constructing a Hypothesis
Variables
Variables for Beginners
Hypothesis

Testing Your Hypothesis by

Doing an Experiment
Experimental Procedure
Materials List
Conducting an Experiment
 Analyzing Your Data and Drawing a
Conclusion
Data Analysis & Graphs
Conclusions

Communicating Your Results

Final Report
Abstract
Display Board
Science Fair Judging
Time schedule