QUIAMBAO VJR Chap5

CHAPTER 5:
FIVE DIFFERENT
QUALITATIVE STUDIES
VICTOR G. QUIAMBAO, JR.

PhD in Education Educational Leadership
University of the Immaculate Conception
Qualitative : Narrative
Study Angrosino (1994)
OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

The story of Vonnie, a 29-year-old
mentally ill man whom the author met
at Opportunity House.
Vonnie Lee talks openly about his life
but his descriptions of his life centered
on a bus route.
The author took a bus trip with Vonnie
Lee to his work place.
The bus held special meaning for Lee
and on the bus he supplied the
researcher with details about the
people, places, and events of the
journey.

RESEARCHER CONCLUSIONS
The bus gave meaning to Vonnie Lees life
through escape and empowerment.
This meaning explained why he told his life
stories in the form of bus routes.
Vonnie Lees stable self-image, the
bus trip, helped him survive the
problems in his life.
The researcher reflected on the use
of metaphor as a framework for
analyzing stories of participants in life
history projects at the end of the
study.

OVERVIEW OF THE
METHODOLOGY
The study fits well within the cultural
interpretations of anthropological life
history research.
The central focus of the study was the
story of an individual.
The researcher collected stories and
reconstructed life experiences through
researcher participant observation.
The individual recalled a special event
in his life, an epiphany (a bus ride).

OVERVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGY

The author reported detailed
information about the setting or
historical context of the bus trip,
which situated the epiphany
within a social context.
The author reflected on his
own experiences and
acknowledged that the study
was his interpretation of Vonnie
Lees life.

Qualitative : Phenomenology
Study Anderson and Spencer (2002)

The study focused on the
cognitive representations that
AIDS patients held about their
disease.
The authors advanced the Self-
Regulation Model of Illness
Representation that suggested
that patients were active problem
solvers whose behavior was a
product of their cognitive and
emotional responses to AIDS.

OVERVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGY:

Data Collection
The study involved conducting interviews for over
18 months with 58 men and women with a diagnosis
of AIDS.
The interview questions reflected
a phenomenological framework
A. What is your experience with
AIDS?
B. Do you have a mental image
of HIV/AIDS?
C. What feelings come to mind?
D. What does it mean to have it in
your life?

OVERVIEW OF THE
METHODOLOGY:
Data Collection
The participants were
also asked to draw
pictures of their disease
a. Only 8 participants
drew pictures
b. Authors integrated
these pictures into
their data analysis

OVERVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGY:

Data Analysis
The transcripts were read several
times.
The significant phrases or
sentences were identified.
The meanings were clustered into
themes (175 significant statements
and 11 major themes).
The results were integrated into an
in-depth exhaustive description of
the phenomenon

OVERVIEW OF THE
METHODOLOGY: Data
Analysis
The findings were validated

using member checking and
their remarks were included
into the final description .
The study concluded with the
essence (the
exhaustive description of the
patients experiences and coping
strategies).

FEATURES OF THE STUDY

The study used systematic data
analysis procedures of
significant statements, meanings
and themes, and an essence.
The study included tables
illustrating significant statements,
meanings, and theme clusters.
The study included a central
phenomenon that was
appropriate for phenomenology.
The study involved rigorous data
collection with 58 participants.
The study ended by describing
the essence of the experience

Qualitative : Grounded Theory
Study Morrow and Smith (1995)

The study focused on the survival
and coping strategies of 11
women that experienced
childhood sexual abuse.
The study included an extensive
passage on data coding of
information and memoing.
The authors developed a visual
model of the process that was
focused around the central
category of threatening or
dangerous feelings along with
helplessness, powerlessness, and
lack of control

OVERVIEW of the methodology

The authors collected data from
personal interviews, focus groups,
and participant observation.
The authors coded the data and
formed categories of data (Open
Coding).
The data was reassembled into a
visual model that consisted of a
central phenomenon (central
category), causes, contexts,
intervening conditions, strategies,
and consequences (outcomes).


The authors mentioned that their
purpose was to generate a theory
using a construct-oriented
approach.
The grounded theory procedure was
discussed and used the framework of
systematic grounded theory.
The study included a visual model of
the theory.
The language of the article was
scientific and objective while at the
same time it addressed a sensitive
topic with emotion.

Qualitative : Ethnography
Study Haenfler (2004)
The study described the
core values of the
straight edge (sXe)
movement that emerged
on the east coast of the
US in the early 1980s
from the punk subculture.
The study involved White
middle-class males from
ages 15-25.
The movement was
linked with the punk
music genre.


The sXers made a large X
on each hand before they
entered punk concerts.
The sXers adopted a clean
living ideology.
The ethnography
examined how subculture
group members expressed
opposition individually and
as a reaction to other
subcultures.

OVERVIEW OF THE
METHODOLOGY
The author participated in the
movement for 14 years and
attended more than 250
concerts.
The data consisted of 28
interviews with men and
women, newspaper stories,
music lyrics, web pages, and
sXe magazines
The author provided a detailed
description of the subculture
T-shirt slogans
Song lyrics
Use of the symbol X

OVERVIEW OF THE FINDINGS
The author described the cultural
group
The author identified five themes
Positivity/clean living
Reserving sex for caring
relationships
Self-realization
Spreading the message
Involvement in progressive
causes
The author concluded the article
with a broad understanding of the
sXers values

The study focused on a culture-
sharing group and their core
values.
The author first described the
group and themes about the
group, and ended with a
suggestion of how the subculture
worked.
The author positioned himself by
describing his involvement in the
subculture and his role of the
group for many years.

The author used a critical
ethnographic perspective
to examine the issue of
resistance to opposition .
The author concluded
with comment about how
the subculture resisted the
dominant culture

Qualitative : Case Study
Study Asmussen and Creswell (1995)

The study described a
campus reaction to a
gunman incident on a
Midwestern university
campus.
The study began with a
detailed description of the
incident including a
description of the city,
campus, and the incident.
The study used multiple
sources of data.


Five themes emerged: denial,
fear, safety, retriggering, and
campus planning.
The themes were narrowed to
two overarching
perspectives, an
organizational and social-
psychological response.
A suggestion was made that
campuses need to develop a
plan to respond to campus
violence.

OVERVIEW OF THE
METHODOLOGY
The problem is appropriate for case
study (description of a campus
response to a gunman incident)
The data was collected through
multiple sources
A. Interviews
B. Observations
C. Documents
D. Audio-visual materials

OVERVIEW OF THE
METHODOLOGY
The data was analyzed for
codes and themes .
The themes were used to
form overarching
perspectives that were also
related to the literature.
The case study structure
was followed the problem,
the context, the issues, and
lessons learned.

OVERVIEW OF THE
METHODOLOGY
The study included
practical and useful
implications.
The authors were
reflective about their
prior experiences
related to the
problem (epilogue)


The authors identified a
case for study.
The authors chose an
instrumental case to
illustrate the problem of
potential campus
violence.
The case was a bounded
system.


The authors used extensive
multiple sources of data to
provide a detailed picture of
the incident and campus
response.
The authors spent considerable

time describing the context for
the case

Differences among the
5 Approaches
Grounded Theory
Narrative focuses on focuses on developing a
the life of an individual. theory about a process.
Phenomenology Ethnography
focuses on a phenomenon focuses on a description
and the essence of the and interpretation of a
lived experiences of culture-sharing group.
persons about that Case Study focuses
phenomenon. on an in-depth
understanding of a case.

END
THANK YOU

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CHAPTER 5:

VICTOR G. QUIAMBAO, JR.

OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGY

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGY:

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGY:

University of the Immaculate Conception

The findings were validated

University of the Immaculate Conception

FEATURES OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW of the methodology

University of the Immaculate Conception

FEATURES OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

FEATURES OF THE STUDY

University of the Immaculate Conception

FEATURES OF THE STUDY

The authors spent considerable

University of the Immaculate Conception

University of the Immaculate Conception

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