AERODYNAMIC OPTIMISATION ON

BUILDING SHAPES

BY
H.NIJANDHAN (2016233032)
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION
NEED OF AERODYNAMIC OPTIMISATION
FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR OPTIMISATION
SHAPING STATEGIES
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
Shape effects, from a wind
engineering perspective, have been
investigated by Davenport(1971),via
aerodynamic model tests.
Shape optimization was first appeared
as an algorithm in 1995 and as
commercial software for the automotive
industry by 1998.
NEED OF AERODYNAMIC OPTIMISATION

REDUCTION OF WIND LOAD

REDUCTION IN COST OF CONSTRUCTION
HUMAN COMFORT
REDUCTION OF INTERFERENCE EFFECT
FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR
OPTIMISATION

ALONG WIND MOTION

ACROSS WIND MOTION
VORTEX SHEDDING PHENOMENON
 ALONG WIND MOTION
The structural response induced by the wind
drag and aerodynamic force is commonly
referred to as the along wind response.
The along wind motion primarily results from
pressure fluctuations on windward and leeward
face
 ACROSS WIND MOTION
The across wind response is a motion in a
plane perpendicular to the direction of
wind.

The maximum acceleration of a

building loading to possible human
perception of motion or even discomfort
may occur in across wind direction.
 VORTEX SHEDDING PHENOMENON
When a building is subjected to a wind flow,
the originally parallel wind stream lines are
displaced on both transverse sides of the
building and the forces produced on these
sides are called vortices.
The kind of shedding which causes structural
vibrations in the flow and the across wind
direction is called vortex shedding.
SHAPING STRATEGIES
SOFTENED CORNERS
TAPERING AND SETBACKS

VARYING CROSS SECTION

SPOILERS
POROSITY AND OPENINGS
SOFTENED CORNERS
The corners can be softened through
chamfering, rounding or stepping them
inwards, the excitation forces can be
substantially reduced.
The softening should extend about 10%
of the building width in from the corner.
The corners on Taipei 101 where stepped
in order to reduce crosswind response and
drag, resulting in a 25% reduction in
base moment.
TAPERING AND SETBACKS
Tapered section and set back reduces the
vortices along the height of the building.
Vortex frequency depends on Strouhal
frequency and height of the building.
Vortices will shed at different frequencies
at different heights and it becomes
incoherent as the height increases.
SPOILERS
One can also reduce vortex shedding by
adding spoilers to the outside of the
building.
The most well known form of spoilers is
the spiral Scruton strake used on circular
chimneystacks.
POROSITY AND OPENINGS

Openings or porous sections allows air to

bleed through the building .
The formation of the vortices becomes
weakened and disrupted by the flow of
air through the structure.
AERODYNAMIC OPTIMISATION PROCEDURE
CONCLUSION
The aerodynamic characteristics of the composite model with
multiple modifications are mostly superior to those of the models
with single modification.
Building codes must include aerodynamic loads in the design
procedure.
THANK YOU