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OptiX RTN 900

V100R003 Product
Description

www.huawei.com

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.


About This Document

This document describes the new features


of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R003 (RTN 900
V1R3 for short).
After reading this document, you will be
aware of the indicators and applications of
new devices and functions of the RTN 900
V1R3 compares with R1/R2 version.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 1
Related Information

The product manuals of the RTN


900 V1R3 can be used for
reference.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
Objectives
Upon the completion of the course, you will be aware of:
Overall features and product positioning of the RTN 900
V1R3

New software features of the RTN 900 V1R3

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3
Contents

1. Development of the IP RAN and Evolution of


Microwave Transmission

2. Features of Packet Microwave

3. Features and Functions

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 4
Advent of the IP Age
Mobile Backhaul

BSC RNC aGW

TDM/ATM TDM/ATM/Eth. ALL IP


X2 X2

BTS BTS BTS NodeB NodeB NodeB eNodeB eNodeB eNodeB

2G -> 3G -> 3G+ ->LTE, the backhaul of mobile base stations evolves from
TDM to IP.
Microwave transport networks evolve from the traditional TDM microwave
network to the packet microwave network.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 5
Three Microwave Forms
IDU
TDM Microwave:
Real-time
PDH microwave is used for access; SDH microwave is used for convergence.
TDM Native
TDM Ethernet services are transmitted in the space through the EOS technology.
Real-time
based It supports the fixed modulation scheme from QPSK to 128QAM, and features
ETH EOS
Real-time
Real-time small capacity.
It is used in 2G and early stages of 3G networks.
TDM in air
Hybrid Microwave:
Native TDM + Native Ethernet
IDU
It supports the modulation scheme from QPSK to 256QAM and the AM function,
Real-time and features high bandwidth.
TDM Native TDM
It is used in scenarios where TDM and IP networks coexist at the initial stage of the
Real-time transition from 2G networks to 3G networks. At this stage, voice services are
ETH Native Packet
primary and data services are secondary among mobile services. Adding the packet
switching capability to the original TDM microwave equipment is undoubtedly the
Hybrid in air preferred solution at the transition stage of the mobile transport network evolution. In
this way, investment in original equipment can be protected and existing voice
services can be transported.

IDU Packet Radio:


It is pure packet microwave.
TDM PW Packet It supports the modulation scheme from QPSK to 256QAM and the AM function,
based and features high bandwidth.
ETH
It is used at the All-IP stage of 3G networks. The pure packet microwave is the
best choice for a carrier who needs to build a new mobile IP transport network.

Packet in air

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 6
Evolution of Microwave Transmission Network
When microwave transport networks evolve towards packet transport networks inevitably, it is
a most cost-effective solution for carriers to evolve microwave transport networks from
traditional TDM microwave networks to hybrid microwave networks, and then to pure packet
microwave networks. This solution combines strengths such as protecting investment in
existing networks, flexible upgrade, and compatibility. If carriers need to build new mobile IP
transport networks, the best choice is to use advanced pure packet microwave equipment to
transport future All IP services.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 7
Huawei's Microwave Solutions
Pure Packet microwave

Hybrid microwave

TDM/MSTP microwave Future-oriented

High Efficiency
Networklized

R1 R3
RTN 605

R1/R2

RTN 620
R3

R1
R2
R3
RTN 910/950

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 8
Overview of RTN 900s

RTN 910 RTN 950 RTN 980

RTN 910/950 V100R001 Packet

RTN 910/950 V100R002 Hybrid

RTN 910/950/980 V100R003 Hybrid + Packet

The RTN 900 V1R3 is a version combining Packet radio and Hybrid radio on
the RTN 900. The RTN 900 can be smoothly upgraded from V1R2 to V1R3,
since the RTN 900 V1R3 is on the same platform as the RTN 900 V1R2.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 9
Contents

1. Development of IP RAN and Evolution of


Microwave Transmission

2. Features of Packet Microwave

3. Features and Functions

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 10
Radio Link Forms
The OptiX RTN 900 V1R2 provides the radio links of different forms by flexibly configuring
different IF boards and ODUs to meet the requirements of different microwave application
scenarios. Different radio link forms of OptiX RTN 900 V1R2 support different types of
microwaves. The radio link form of the TDM microwave supports the PDH microwave and the
SDH microwave. The radio link form of the Hybrid microwave support the Hybrid microwave.
1. The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services
(mainly, the E1 services). During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change
the features of the PDH services.
2. The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the
transmission, the SDH microwave does not change the features of the SDH services.
3. The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and
native Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function.
During the transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1
services and Ethernet services.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 11
TDM Microwave

The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the E1
services). During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change the features of the PDH
services. Unlike the conventional PDH microwave equipment, the RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in
MADM. The MADM grooms the E1 services to the microwave port for further transmission. Thus,
the services can be groomed flexibly and seamless convergence between the optical network and
the microwave network is achieved.
The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the transmission,
the SDH microwave does not change the features of the SDH services.
Unlike the conventional SDH microwave equipment, the RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM. The
MADM grooms services to the microwave port through cross-connections, maps the services into
the STM-1-based microwave frames, and then transmits the STM-1-based microwave frames. Thus,
the services can be groomed flexibly and seamless convergence between the optical network and
the microwave network is achieved.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 12
The Capacity of TDM Microwave

Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Mode Service Capacity (Mbit/s)

7 QPSK 4xE1

3.5 16QAM 4xE1

14 (13.75) QPSK 8xE1

7 16QAM 8xE1

28 (27.5) QPSK 16xE1

14 (13.75) 16QAM 16xE1

14 (13.75) 32QAM 22xE1

14 (13.75) 64QAM 26xE1

28 (27.5) 16QAM 35xE1

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 13
The Capacity of TDM Microwave (Cont.)

Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Mode Service Capacity (Mbit/s)

28 (27.5) 32QAM 44xE1

28 (27.5) 64QAM 53xE1

28 (27.5) 128QAM 1xSTM-1

28 (27.5) QPSK 1xE3

14 (13.75) 16QAM 1xE3

If the radio link form is the SDH/PDH microwave, the maximum capacity of each
channel of microwave is STM-1.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 14
Hybrid Microwave

The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native
Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function. During the
transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1 services and
Ethernet services.
The RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM and a packet processing platform. The MADM
transmits E1 services that are accessed locally or extracted from the SDH to the microwave port.
After processing the accessed Ethernet services in the unified manner, the packet processing
platform transmits the Ethernet services to the microwave port. The microwave port maps the E1
services and the Ethernet services into Hybrid microwave frames and then transmits the Hybrid
microwave frames.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 15
Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave
Service(Native E1 + Ethernet service)
Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Scheme Maximum Number of E1s
in Hybrid Microwave

3.5 QPSK 2
3.5 16QAM 4
7 QPSK 5
7 16QAM 10
7 32QAM 12
7 64QAM 15
7 128QAM 18
7 256QAM 20

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 16
Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service
(Cont.)
Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Scheme Maximum Number of
E1s in Hybrid
Microwave
14 (13.75) QPSK 10
14 (13.75) 16QAM 20
14 (13.75) 32QAM 24
14 (13.75) 64QAM 31
14 (13.75) 128QAM 37
14 (13.75) 256QAM 42
28 (27.5) QPSK 20
28 (27.5) 16QAM 40
28 (27.5) 32QAM 52
28 (27.5) 64QAM 64
28Copyright
(27.5) 2006 Huawei Technologies
128QAM
Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
75 Page 17
Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service
(Cont.)
Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Scheme Maximum Number of
E1s in Hybrid
Microwave
28 (27.5) 256QAM 75
40 QPSK 27
40 16QAM 55
40 32QAM 71
40 64QAM 75
40 128QAM 75
40 256QAM 75
56 (55) QPSK 40
56 (55) 16QAM 75
56 (55) 32QAM 75
56Copyright
(55) 2006 Huawei Technologies
64QAMCo., Ltd. All rights reserved.
75 Page 18
Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service
(Native STM-1 + Ethernet service)
Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Scheme Maximum Number of
E1s in Hybrid
Microwave
28 (27.5) 128QAM 1
28 (27.5) 256QAM 1
40 64QAM 1
40 128QAM 1
40 256QAM 1
56 (55) 16QAM 1
56 (55) 32QAM 1
56 (55) 64QAM 1
56 (55) 128QAM 1
56 (55) 256QAM 1
28Copyright
(27.5) 2006 Huawei Technologies
128QAM
Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
1 Page 19
Modulation Modes
The TDM microwave only supports fixed modulation. The Hybrid microwave supports fixed
modulation and adaptive modulation (AM).
The fixed modulation refers to a modulation scheme wherein a modulation scheme is
adopted invariably when the radio link is running. When the fixed modulation is adopted, the
modulation scheme can be configured through software. A modulation scheme can range
from QPSK to 256QAM.
The AM is a technology through which the modulation scheme can be adjusted
automatically according to the channel quality. When the AM is adopted, the lowest
modulation mode (also called reference mode) and highest modulation scheme (also called
nominal mode) can be configured through software.
Fixed Modulation Adaptive Modulation

Capacity Capacity Voice


256QAM 256QAM
128QAM 128QAM
QPSK 64QAM 16QAM
64QAM
99.9% 32QAM Outage: 525.60min
HSPA 99.95% QPSK Outage: 262.80min
99.99% Outage: 52.56min
99.995% Outage: 26.28min
HSPA Fixed Bandwidth
99.998% Outage: 10.51min
99.999% Outage: 5.25min
99.999% Outage: 5.25min
GSM Time GSM Time
TDM radio Packet radio

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 20
AM Technology
Through the AM technology, the Hybrid microwave uses a high-efficiency modulation scheme when
the channel is of better quality. Hence, more user services can be transmitted and thus the
transmission efficiency and spectrum utilization are improved. When the quality of the channel is
degraded, the Hybrid microwave uses the low-efficiency modulation scheme, in which only the
services of a high priority are transmitted. Hence, the anti-interference capability of links is
enhanced and availability of the links on which the high-priority services are transmitted is ensured.
E1 services are of the highest priority in the AM-based Hybrid microwave transmission. Ethernet
services are classified into flows of different priorities based on the CoS technology. When the
Hybrid microwave uses the lowest-efficiency modulation scheme, the equipment transmits E1
services only (if the service bandwidth is higher than the total bandwidth of the E1 services, the
Ethernet services of a high priority can be transmitted). When the Hybrid microwave uses other
modulation schemes, the increased bandwidth can be used to transmit Ethernet services. In this
case, availability of the links on which the E1 services and Ethernet services of a high priority are
transmitted can be ensured and the capacity for transmitting Ethernet services increases.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 21
AM Features

Prepare to Detected
Detected
Switch to SNR
SNR
64QAM
32QAM decrease
Increased
64QAM
32QAM 32QAM
64QAM Massage
Message d

Modulation Bandwidth Capacity

32QAM 28MHz 100 M

64QAM 28MHz 150 M

The AM technology can use the QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and 256QAM modulation schemes.
The lowest modulation scheme (also called reference mode) and highest modulation scheme (also called
nominal mode) can be configured.
When the modulation schemes of the AM are switched, the transmit frequency, receive frequency, and channel
spacing do not change.
When the AM modulation scheme is switched, the step by step mode is adopted.
When the AM switches the modulation scheme, the services with a low priority are discarded but no bit errors or
slips occur in the services with a high priority. The speed of switching the modulation scheme meets the
requirement for no bit error in the case of 100 dB/s fast fading.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 22
AM (Continued)

Availability Technical Feature Note


IFU2 used on the RTN 900 1. The upper and lower 1. Modulation mode of the
V100R002C00 and later versions thresholds are adjusted guaranteed AM capacity: By
asymmetrically by the mean default, the E1 services of high
IFX2 used on the RTN 900
square error (MSE) to ensure priority levels must be ensured
V100R002C00 and later versions
the smooth adjustment of MSE according to the network
ISU2 used on the RTN 900 and reduce jitter. planning.
V100R003C00 and later versions 2. The feature meets the 2. Limitations in the Native STM-
ISX2 used on the RTN 900 requirement of the fast fading 1+Eth mode:
V100R003C00 and later versions at a speed of 100 dB/s step by 28 MHz: 128QAM or 256QAM
step from quadrature phase only
shift keying (QPSK) to 256 40 MHz: 64QAM, 128QAM, or
quadrature amplitude 256QAM only
modulation (QAM). 56 MHz: 16QAM, 32QAM,
3. Generally, under the higher- 64QAM, 128QAM, or 256QAM
efficiency modulation, the
transmit power of an outdoor
unit (ODU) is low.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 23
Hybrid Microwave Application

256QAM@14 MHz: 100M

All priority

256QAM@28MHz:
128QAM@28 MHz:200M
180M

NodeB
256QAM@14 MHz: 100M NodeB
Low Priority NodeB

All priority User 1 Mobile


User 2 VoIP
User 3
Video
User n
NodeB
Internet

The Hybrid microwave ensures the service reliability and optimizes the service capacity
through the hybrid transmission of E1 services and Ethernet services, AM, and Ethernet
QoS control.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 24
Contents

1. Development of IP RAN and Evolution of


Microwave Transmission

2. Features of Packet Microwave

3. Features and Functions

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 25
XPIC TechnologyUp to 800 Mbit/s Air-
Interface Capacity
56 MHz

400 400

400 400

Transmission capacity supported by one


One frequency point can transmit
two-channel signals. frequency point: 2x400 Mbit/s

Large-capacity Ethernet transmission


The XPIC technology supports a single frequency point to transmit two-channel
signals, thus doubling the usage of spectrum resources. Up to 800 Mbit/s
Ethernet throughput per carrier frequency is implemented.
The large-capacity transmission requirement of data services is met.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 26
XPIC

Feature name: cross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC)

Purpose: The XPIC feature is intended to double the transmission


capacity of the same frequency.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 27
XPIC (Continued)

Availability Technical Feature Note


IFX2 used on the RTN 900 1. The XPIC feature can be used 1. The maximum length difference
V100R002C00 and later with the co-channel dual between intermediate frequency (IF)
versions polarization (CCDP) feature to cables in the horizontal polarization
clear the inter-polarization (H-polarization) and vertical
ISX2 used on the RTN 900
interference. With the support of polarization (V-polarization)
V100R003C00 and later
the XPIC technology, the directions of the XPIC cannot
versions
bandwidth of one RF channel is exceed 12 m.
used to transmit two service 2. The NE frequencies in the H- and
signals. the V-polarization directions,
2. The transmission capacity is bandwidth, transmit/receive (T/R)
doubled and the relative spacing, and adjustment mode
performance improves with the must be consistent.
increase of frequency. 3. Do not use the XPIC function and
the ATPC function at the same time.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 28
ATPC

Feature name: automatic transmit power control (ATPC)

Purposes: The ATPC feature is intended to:

Control the transmit power of an ODU within a certain range.

Lower the interference between adjacent systems.

Reduce the radiation.

Expand the working life of an ODU.

Reduce the use of energies and protect the environment.

Peer ODU

Local ODU

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 29
ATPC (Continued)

Availability Technical Feature Note


IF1 used on the RTN 900 1. The center threshold of 1. The ATPC enabling
V100R002C00 and later versions ATPC with the margin of status and configuration
2 dB is the starting point on both sides of the links
IFU2 used on the RTN 900
of adjustment. must be consistent.
V100R002C00 and later versions
2. The feature adjusts the 2. Your are advised not to
IFX2 used on the RTN 900 transmit power of a peer enable the ATPC
V100R002C00 and later versions ODU, ensuring that the function in the areas
ISU2 used on the RTN 900 transmit power is with severe fast fading.
V100R003C00 and later versions between the maximum
and the minimum
ISX2 used on the RTN 900 transmit power.
V100R003C00 and later versions

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 30
AMIncreasing the Bandwidth by Four Times
Voice
256QAM
99.999%
Data Encapsulation
128QAM Element
in Network EOS Packet
64QAM Voice Planning
99.99%
Data Band 7G 7G
32QAM
Distance 30.6 km 30.6 km
16QAM
Voice
Bandwidth 28 Mbit/s 28 Mbit/s
99.9%
QPSK Data Modulation
QPSK 128QAM
scheme
Modulation Real-time service Transmission
scheme Non-real-time service 40 Mbit/s 200 Mbit/s
capacity

AM
Important feature of the packet microwave: The modulation scheme can be automatically changed
according to the transmission conditions of the air interface, thus ensuring high-level service
transmission.
Increasing the bandwidth by four times on sunny days: Under the same conditions, the OptiX RTN
equipment can support the 200 Mbit/s capacity but the EOS of the TMD can support only the 40
Mbit/s capacity.
Eight QoS levels on rainy days: The monitoring mechanism ensures the fine and hierarchical
service transmission.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 31
VLAN
Background

According to specific rules, a real network topology can be divided into several
logical subnetworks, namely, VLANs. The broadcast packet of a VLAN can transmit
only within the range of this VLAN. That is, one VLAN corresponds to a specific
broadcast domain.

Application Scenario

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 32
VLAN Nesting (QinQ)
Background
The existing 4K CVLAN tags are insufficient for service planning. Values and Highlights
VLAN IDs are conflicted between convergence services and between The network configuration
the services traversing a third-party network. 1 and maintenance are
The transmission department of the carrier is separate from the simplified.
wireless department, and it is difficult for the transmission department
VLAN resources are
to work with the wireless department for VLAN planning. 2

extended for the carrier.


Application Scenario Scenario requirement:
Packets on the customer's
CVLAN=1
(1) CVLAN conflicts on the 3
network are protected.
BS side should be avoided.
The VLAN customization
4 capability for the carrier is
provided.
SVLAN=1
CVLAN=2
CVLAN=3
Microwave/Optical ring

CVLAN=1
SVLAN=2
RNC

CVLAN=2

1. VLAN conflicts are avoided on the


NodeB side.
2. The transmission department can
CVLAN=5 complete VLAN planning independently.
3. The service configuration workload is
reduced.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 33
E-Line Service
The E-Line service is a point-to-point service form on the topology. The equipment transmits the packets
or VLAN packets on a specified port on the user side to a port on the user side or network side or to the
QinQ link on the network side, thus implementing point-to-point transparent transmission of user data.
According to transmission modes, E-Line services are classified into the following types:
(1) UNI-UNI Ethernet service
(2) UNI-NNI Ethernet service carried on a port
(3) UNI-NNI Ethernet service carried on a QinQ link

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 34
E-LAN Service
The E-LAN service is a multipoint-to-multipoint service form on the topology. The equipment forwards packets or
VLAN packets on a specified port from the user side to multiple ports or QinQ link on the network side, thus
implementing multipoint-to-multipoint transparent transmission of user data.
On the network side, the Ethernet services can be transmitted on a port or QinQ link.
The QinQ link bearer means that an S-VLAN tag of the transport network is added to packets with the C-VLAN
tag on the network of the user side, and thus the packets are labeled with two VLAN tags when traversing the
transport network.
This provides a simple L2VPN tunnel for users. With regard to the services carried on a QinQ link, the QoS can
be ensured by configuring the QinQ policy.
MAC1

MAC1/2 MAC1/2
VLAN
MAC1/2/3/4
MAC2 1
FE: VLAN1
VLAN
MAC3/4
2

BTS/NodeB MAC1
E-LAN1 (region 1)
FE: VLAN1

BTS/NodeB MAC2

BSC/RNC MAC4

FE: VLAN2

E-LAN2 (region 2)

BTS/NodeB MAC3

BSC/RNC MAC5
MAC3
FE: No VLAN
MAC3/4

BTS/NodeB MAC4
Add VLAN2 MAC4

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 35
Introduction to MPLS
Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) combines ATM and IP technologies. Multi-
protocol means multiple Layer 3 protocols such as IPV4 and IPV6. Label switching
means switching of labels.

On an MPLS network as shown in this figure, the nodes on the edge are LERs, the intermediate
nodes are LSRs. LERs and LSRs fast forward packets based on labels. The path along which the
packets are forwarded is an LSP. In this figure, the red line and blue line represent two LSPs.
Theoretically, an unlimited number of MPLS labels can be stacked. Actually, there are up to three
layers. The outermost layer is a tunnel label and the second outermost layer is a PW label.
Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge to Edge (PWE3) can encapsulate ATM, TDM, and Ethernet services
into PWs for transmission over an MPLS network.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 36
MSTP
TheMultiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) is adopted for network loops. MSTP adopts an
algorithm to prune a looped network to a tree network without loops, thus preventing the increase
and infinite loop of packets on the looped network.
Broadcast
storm
Broadcasting
happen
packet

One link has

X physical faults

Shut down one port,


ring broken,
X
broadcast storm stop.

Normally, to
X
avoidlink
The Ethernet
which shut
ring, this link isis
down logically
logically shut
reactived, Ring
down
protection happen

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 37
LAG (IEEE 802.3ad)
One or more Ethernet links are
aggregated to form an link How to transmit 300
X
100 Mbit/s microwave
0 Mbit/s
link 1
microwave link 1
Mbit/s services on a 100 Mbit/s microwave link 2
150 Mbit/s
aggregation (LAG) so that the MAC microwave link 2
200 Mbit/s air interface?
customer regards the LAG as one link. 100 Mbit/s microwave link 3
150 Mbit/s
microwave link 3

Main functions: Multiple microwave


links form a larger
1. Increasing the link capacity logical pipe.
2. Improving link availability
Scenario requirement:
Multiple links exist between two stations.

Scenario description
Load sharing (1) When the traffic of one service exceeds the
by the LAG
transmission bandwidth of one physical link, the
LAG
service can be transmitted on multiple links
through traffic sharing.
(2) Links work in mutual protection mode.
Microwave/Opti
cal ring
Values and Highlights

Port Links on the user side/air interface side are


RNC 1
protection protected.
by the LAG Multiple microwave links are aggregated to form
2 one logical link, thus increasing the bandwidth
of the logical link.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 38
QoS Solution
End to end QoS deployment

OptiX Core
RTN 900 P P OptiX
RTN 900

NodeB

NodeB
P P
BTS
NodeB
NodeB NodeB 1 Voice
UNI: NodeB 2
Identification by user VoIP
NodeB 3
Identification by service
NodeB n Video
Per user-service QOS assurance
Internet

Type-based hierarchical service assurance: fine scheduling of multiple services per BS/user/user
group to ensure the QoS
Maximizing business values: fine bandwidth control to make full use of network resources,
containing more users
Network side: control over the DS-TE (a rigid channel similar to the SDH VC) based on planning

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 39
Ethernet OAM
Background
IP-based networks cater for the development trend. Scenario description
Different from SDH services, Ethernet services do (1) CC: Link status and one-way
not have the operation, management, or connectivity are detected in real time.
maintenance capabilities. (2) LB: Single-end location or detection is
There are no methods or tools to rapidly and easily performed, and two-way connectivity is
locate service link faults. detected.
There are requirements for detecting the faults and (3) LT: Faults are located on site.
performance of point-to-point Ethernet physical (4) 802.3ah: The performance of the
links between two pieces of directly connected physical link in the last mile is
equipment in the last mile. monitored and faults are located.

ME A B C ME D RNC
Access Core Access

802.3ah IEEE 802.1ag 802.3ah

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 40
Introduction to Clock Features

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 41
Introduction to Clock Features
Mark Approach of Clock Description
Synchronization
1 Radio link clocks All the NEs via radio links are synchronized using radio
link clocks.
2 2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz 2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz external clocks are used with
external clocks preference to synchronize the NEs stacked on a site.
3 Synchronous Ethernet clocks Synchronous Ethernet clocks are used to synchronize
the NEs back to back on a site. This requires the back-
to-back NEs to support the synchronous Ethernet
function.
4 E1 clocks E1 clocks are used to synchronize the NEs back to
back on a site, if the back-to-back NEs do not support
2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz external clocks, or synchronous
Ethernet. In this case, the E1 tributary retiming function
must be enabled for the upstream NE. After E1 tributary
retiming function is enabled, E1 service clocks can no
longer be transparently transmitted. At this time, the E1
clocks and the NE's system clock are synchronous.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 42
Interconnection Relationship Between IF Boards on RTN NEs

Interconnection relationship between IF boards on RTN 900 V1R3


IF Board on RTN 900 V1R3 IF Board on RTN 900 V1R3 on
Service Mode Remarks
on the Local End the Opposite End
IFU2 IFU2 E1+ETH
IF1 IF1 NxE1/STM-1
IFX2 IFX2 E1+ETH XPIC

ISU2 ISU2 E1+ETH/STM-1+ETH/STM-1/2xSTM-1

ISX2 ISX2 E1+ETH/STM-1+ETH/STM-1/2xSTM-1 XPIC

The ISX2 board is


ISU2 ISX2 E1+ETH/STM-1+ETH/STM-1/2xSTM-1 not enabled with
the XPIC function.

Interconnection relationship between IF boards on RTN 900 V1R3 and those on RTN 900 V1R2
IF Board on RTN 900 V1R3 on IF Board on RTN 900 V1R2 on the
Service Mode Remarks
the Local End Opposite End
IFU2 IFU2 E1+ETH
IF1 IF1 NxE1/STM-1
IFX2 IFX2 E1+ETH XPIC
ISU2 N/A
ISX2 N/A

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 43
Interconnection Relationship Between IF Boards on RTN NEs

Interconnection relationship between IF boards on RTN 900 V1R3 and those on RTN 600 Note: ETH refers to the IF
service mode, bearing MPLS or Native Ethernet services.
IF Board on RTN 900 IF Board on RTN 600
Service Mode Remarks
V1R3 on the Local End on the Opposite End

IFU2 IFH2 E1+ETH The air interface is not enabled with the 1588v2 feature.

The air interface on RTN 605 R3 is not enabled with the


IFU2 IFH1 E1+ETH 1588v2 feature. The 56 MHz channel spacing is not
supported.

IF1 IF1 NxE1/STM-1


IFX2 N/A
ISU2 N/A
ISX2 N/A

Interconnection relationship between IF boards on RTN 900 V1R3 and those on RTN 900 V1R1
IF Board on RTN 900 IF Board on RTN 900 V1R1
Service Mode Remarks
V1R3 on the Local End on the Opposite End

IFU2 IFE2 ETH The air interface is enabled with the 1588v2 feature.

IF1 N/A

IFX2 IFX2 ETH The air interface is enabled with the 1588v2 feature.

ISU2 N/A
ISX2 N/A

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 44
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