Fuzzy Logic Based Energy

Management System for Hybrid

Electric Vehicle

Z.Tareq, N. Sulaiman, M.A. Hannan, A. Mohamed, E.H.

Majlan, W.R. Wan Daud
Overview
Introduction
Research Background
Methodology Modeling & Simulation:
Vehicle
Battery
Supercapacitor
Fuzzy logic rule based on Energy Management
System (EMS)
Results & Discussion
Conclusion & Recommendation
References
 Introduction
Evolution of electric vehicle
Vehicles driven by electric motors powered by electric
power drawn from battery
E.g. General Motor EV1, Nissan Leaf, Mitsubishi i-MiEV
Disadvantage: require charging of which still does not
reduce the electricity consumption rate, high voltage
handling during charging, battery technology not easily
available in market, long charging time
Evolution of hybrid electric vehicle
Vehicles driven by ICE motor and electric motor
powered by either fuel (usually petrol) or battery
E.g. Toyota Prius, Honda Insight
Disadvantage: complex due to the ICE and electric
motor, expensive, still relies on petrol non zero
emission
Introduction
Evolution of fuel cell electric vehicles
Vehicles driven by electric motors powered by
electricity drawn from fuel cell
E.g. Honda FCX, Hyundai Tucson FCEV
Disadvantages: safety of hydrogen tank, refilling
station or facilities availability
Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle
Studies have been conducted on fuel cell hybrid
electric vehicles combining fuel cell with battery
and supercapacitor to extend driving range
Research Background
Energy Storage System for HEV
Energy storage systems for hybrid electric vehicles are
battery and supercapacitor.
These two devices act as electrochemical storage but
having different characteristics.
Battery has high energy density and low power density
stores large amount of energy but releases power at low
rate
Supercapacitor has high power density and low energy
density releases power at high rate but stores small
amount of energy
Combining more than one energy source requires
the energy sources to be managed, of which they are
to be used during the appropriate condition
Methodology
Model each subsystem in
Matlab/Simulink

Model the fuzzy logic based energy

management system (EMS) in
Matlab/Simulink

Integrate all subsystems into one

system of hybrid electric vehicle
(HEV)

Simulate the model, analyze and verify

results
Block diagram of model
 Methodology Model of Vehicle
The energy management system is designed to manage between
energy sources within certain conditions.
These conditions have parameters which include the speed and
required power from the vehicle; hence, the vehicle is modeled in
Matlab/Simulink.
The parameters of the vehicle used in Matlab/Simulink for the
hybrid electric vehicle modeling and simulation are shown in Table1.
Methodology Model of Vehicle
Methodology Model of Battery
and Supercapacitor
Methodology
Energy Management System (EMS)
Energy management system is to manage
more than one energy sources to feed load
power required
In this study the energy sources are
battery and supercapacitor
The aim is to withdraw energy from
battery or supercapacitor according to the
speed and available source power
Methodology
Energy Management System (EMS)
Considering the conditions of the vehicle
operation, the parameters are shown in
the table
The EMS subsystem is modeled in
Matlab/Simulink according to the
parameters of each condition
The EMS is then integrated within the
whole HEV model
Methodology Fuzzy Logic Rule Based
on Energy Management System (EMS)
Methodology
Energy Management System (EMS)
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
fig 1. The fuzzy logic controller model has been simulated in Matlab/Simulink for duration of 810s

Speed Profile
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Fig 2 Simulation results for load power, capacitor power, and battery power
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Fig 3 Simulation results for capacitor power and capacitor voltage
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Fig 4 Simulation results of battery current and capacitor current
Results & Discussion
It can be seen from Figure 1 and 2 the
relation between speed and power is very
close. The accelerating point will produce
peak in power.
Meanwhile, the battery and supercapacitor
are feeding power alternatingly and this is
due to that the parameters have been set
to charge and discharge only one energy
source at one time
 Results & Discussion
It can be seen from Figure 3 the battery and
supercapacitor has started operating continuously
charging and discharging, the supercapacitor voltage is
maintained at about 470 V.
Considering the energy management system is to
manage energy feed between battery and
supercapacitor.
These results of battery and supercapacitor current as
displayed in Figure 4, show that the energy management
system which embeds fuzzy logic controller is operating
successfully.
 Conclusion & Recommendation
The fuzzy logic controller in this hybrid electric
vehicle is designed to manage energy feed
between energy storage devices of battery or
supercapacitor.
Both battery and supercapacitor is also
operating one energy source at a time.
The study is recommended to be extended to
hardware to verify its reliability in real-time
performance
 References
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(ICSEEA2014). Energy Procedia 68 (2015). pp.429- 437

Jian Cao, Ali Emadi. A new battery/ultra-capacitor hybrid energy storage system for electric, hybrid and plug-in
hybrid electric vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics; 27(1). 2011. pp.122-132

Baifan Wu, Bo Chen. Study the performance of battery models for hybrid electric vehicles. 10th International
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S.G. Li, S.M. Sharkh, F.C. Walsh, and C.N. Zhang. Energy and battery management of a plug-in series hybrid
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