Amine Plant.

Quantitative Natural Gas

Chromatography. Part 1.
GTP KHURMALA DOME LAB.

1
 Amine Plant. Goals and Objectives
Goals
To become familiar with basic methods of
quantitative analysis by gas chromatography

Specific Objectives
Use the standard additions technique to determine
the identities and concentrations of the
components in a mixture of volatile organic
compounds

2
Amine Plant.
Setup

5
 Solutes and Internal
Amine Plant.
Standard
Compound Structure or Formula Boiling Point, oC Relative Polarity

Methanol
CH3OH 64.6 Polar
(solvent)

Toluene 110.6 Nonpolar

Ethylbenzene 135.2 Nonpolar

p-Xylene 138.4 Nonpolar

Br
Bromobenzene
156.0 Polar
(internal standard)

10
 Internal Standard Method
Description
In this approach, an internal standard is added to the
sample, and the response from the analyte peak is
compared to the internal standard. This approach
corrects for minor variations in the injection volume.

Response Factor (RF)

The response factor accounts for differences in the
detector response between the analyte and standard.

12
Sample Chromatogram and Integration Report
Amine Plant.

IS
X
Ax Ais
Rx / is
c x cis

AX = 27.01
AIS = 17.80
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 Calibration Curve with Internal Standard
GC Calibration Curve for Cocaine with Internal Standard

Cocaine Int. Std.

Standards Standard mg/mL mg/mL cx/cis Ax Aix Ax/Ais
1 2.50 5.00 0.500 120 600 0.200
Each contains fixed mass of internal 2 5.00 5.00 1.000 241 601 0.401
standard, various masses of std 3
4
10.00
25.00
5.00
5.00
2.000
5.000
480
1198
600
600
0.800
1.997
analyte
Calibration curve shows linear Cocaine with Interal Standard
1.0 microliter injections
response. Slope = response factor*
2.500
y = 0.3991x + 0.0013
A A
x is
2.000
Rx / is
c x cis 1.500

Ax/Ais
1.000

Unknown 0.500

Add known amount of internal standard 0.000

Inject and measure Ax/Ais 0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000 6.000

Determine cx/cis for your unknown from

cx/cis

calibration curve. Since cis is known, cx for

your unknown is simply *This expression for the response factor is not used directly in your
calculations. The following expression which accounts for the intercept is
more rigorous (in practice the intercept is very near zero). Calculations
cx = (cx/cis)cis based on the calibration data do take the intercept into account.

Ax Ais ( y intercept)
Rx / is
c x cis
15