Poultry Production

Broilers and Layers

Rene C. Santiago, DVM, MSc

BAI-NSPRDC Tiaong, Quezon
The Poultry Industry in
the Philippines
 Total population
The country's total chicken population as
of July 1, 2013 was 176.85 million birds,

Broilers 66.81M 37.78%

Layers 31.58M 17.87%

native chicken 78.46M 44.37%

 Chicken Broiler Inventory of TOP
PRODUCING REGIONS in the PHILIPPINES.

as of July 1, 2013
Source: http://countrystat.bas.gov.ph/selection.asp
Chicken Layer Inventory of TOP PRODUCING
REGIONS in the PHILIPPINES.

as of July 1, 2013
Source: http://countrystat.bas.gov.ph/selection.asp
Native/Improved Chicken Inventory of TOP
PRODUCING REGIONS in the PHILIPPINES.

as of July 1, 2013
Source: http://countrystat.bas.gov.ph/selection.asp
 Chicken: Inventory by Farm Type,
Geolocation, Year and Period

Broiler Layer Native

Batangas 2, 640, 600 7, 395, 992 1, 286, 253

Cavite 1, 650, 000 475, 097 178, 185

Laguna 2, 322, 698 364, 012 81, 870

Quezon 3, 461, 270 621, 600 1, 105, 250

Rizal 3, 898, 686 3, 438, 296 21, 129

as of October, 2013
Source: http://countrystat.bas.gov.ph/selection.asp
 Importation
Chicken meat Volume Value
2003 13,639 m tons P 7,086,164
2004 20,546 m tons P 10,674,587
2007 38,067 m tons P 20,642,300

DOC ( GPS & PS ) 2007 (100% importation)

Broiler GPS 276,624
PS 471,015
Layers PS 501,245
Per Capita Consumption
Chicken
7.87 kgs
meat

3.48 kgs
egg (63 eggs)
 Types of Poultry
Enterprises

Chicken
Broiler Production
Layer Production
Starter Pullet Production
Native Chicken Production
Game Fowl Production
 Types of Poultry
Enterprises

Ducks
Meat Type Duck Production
Egg Type Duck Production
Starter Pullet (pagala) Production
 Types of Poultry
Enterprises

Other Poultry
Quail
Ostrich
Turkey
Geese
 Classification of Operation
CHICKEN

Commercial
Poultry Integrators
Contract Breeders
Contract Growers
Semi- commercial
Independent Growers
Contract to Buy Growers
Small or Backyard
 Selecting the Site
It must be in agricultural zone of the
community
at least 500 meters from the nearest
residential area and from other poultry farm
must have a reliable source of electric power
must have a adequate source of potable
water
accessible to transport/road
must have provision for easy expansion
Factors to Consider Before Starting
Poultry Business
Capital and Area to Start the Project
Technical Know-how
Constant Supply of Other Farm Needs
Electricity
Potable Water
Assured Supply of Chicks, Feeds
Market Assurance
Kinds of Poultry Farm Structures
Office, Egg storage
room
Brooder House
Grower House
Layer/Breeder House
Feed
Bodega/Medicine
Room
Isolation House
Kinds of Poultry Farm Equipment
Artificial Brooders
Feeding troughs,
waterers
Labor saving devices
(feed box, feed carts)
Portable catching
panels
water tanks/pump
weighing scale/egg
sorting machine
Factors to Consider Before Starting
a Poultry Business
Capital and Area to Start the Project
Technical know-how
Constant Supply of Farm Needs
Electricity
Potable water
Assured Supply of chicks and feeds
Market Assurance
 Factors to have a Continues
Operation
Assured supply of good/quality
chicks
constant supply of the following;
high quality feeds
supplements like vitamins and minerals
vaccines, medicine
veterinary and other technical services
construction materials for housing and
facilities
market demand
 Problems and Prospects of the
Poultry Projects
High cost of feeds and chicks
fluctuation of live chicken
diseases and parasites
high cost of housing materials and
equipment
lack of credit facilities and high interest
rate
availability of good quality chicks
predatory enemies and security
 Guide in Selection of Strain to
Raise
Performance
high livability
uniform growth
for broilers = fast grower
for layers = good egg size, high egg production,
long productive life
high feed efficiency
Adaptability, Acceptability to the Market
Availability and Reliability of Supplies of Day-old
Chicks
 Replacement Program
Measures of Production Efficiency
Percent lay on Hen-Day Basis
= total no. of eggs laid
_____________________________________________________ x 100
total no. of hen in a day
Percentage lay on hen-housed basis
= total no. of eggs laid
x 100
_____________________________________________________

total no. of hen housed X no. of days of lay

Feed cost per dozen eggs
Cost per dozen eggs
Different strain of layers/integrators
LAYERS BROILERS
Babcock Anak
Hy-line Arbor Acre
Starcross Avian
Lohman Cobb
Dekalb Hubbard
Arbor Acre Lohman
Peterson
Piltch
Ross
Starbro
 Management Practices for Layers

Brooding Period 0-5 weeks

Growing Period 6-15 weeks
Laying Period
1st year production 16-71 weeks
molting 71-74 weeks
2nd year production 71-112 weeks
Management Practices for Broilers
Brooding Period 0-3 weeks

Growing Period 3-6 weeks

Target production batches per year - 6 to 7 batches

 Brooding Practices
Start with good quality chicks
Brooder House are Cleaned, disinfected and tested
1-2 weeks before arrival of chicks
Close brooder curtains
good quality feeds and potable water are available
vitamins and antibiotic are mixed in water in 1st
seven days
vaccinated with NCD B1 B1 9 days old
more feeders and drinkers should be placed as the
birds grow older
if high mortality exist, consult the veterinarian
 Brooding Practices
Artificial heat
320 C 1 day old
310 C 2 days old
300 C 3-5 day old
10 C less every 3 days
Up to 24 0 C 5 wks
Brooding Practices
 Growing Practices
Thoroughly clean and disinfect the growing house 1-
2 weeks prior to transfer
Age of transfer
for broiler = 10 to 14 days old chicks
for layers = 6 to 8 weeks old
give anti stress drugs 3 to 5 days before and after
provide fresh drinking water and feeds at all times
Body weight control/uniformity (weekly)
transfer the birds during good weather
 Management of Layer Flock
Thoroughly clean and disinfect the layer house 1-2
week prior to transfer
Age of transfer = 16 - 18 weeks of age
give anti stress drugs 3 to 5 days before and after
remove/cull birds shows little or no promise of
potential layers
laying starts at 20 to 21 weeks olsd and reach peak
at 30 to 36 weeks old
molting happens after the first year of production
10 to 20% fewer egg compared to first year of
production but egg is much bigger
transfer the birds during good weather
 FEEDS AND FEEDING
Broiler
Broiler commercial ration feed adlibitum (full
fed)
give fresh feeds every 3 to 4 hours
Mixed feeds additives like vitamines and
minerals
Purchase feeds only in reliable source (newly
mixed)
Provide clean and potable drinking water at all
times
Min Nutrient Req. (Broiler)
Weeks Type of feeds

0-2 Chick booster

2-5 Broiler starter

5-8 Broiler finisher

 FEEDS AND FEEDING
Broiler commercial ration feed adlibitum (full fed)
Layer in restricted feeding (based age)
give fresh feeds every 3 to 4 hours or if needed
Mixed feeds additives like vitamines and
minerals
Purchase feeds only in reliable source (newly
mixed)
Provide clean and potable drinking water at all
times
Min. Nutrient Req. (Layer)
Weeks Type of feeds / % CP

0-2 Chick booster

2-6 Chick starter

6-12 Chick grower

12-20 Pullet developer

20-42 Laying mash 1

42 up Laying mash 2
Housing for Layers and Broilers
Orientation = east-west
Building materials = depends on the strength
required
width of house = between 8-12 meters
length of house = not more than 180 meters
shape of roof = angle 10% to 30%
good overhang protect the inside from rains and
sun
Space between houses = four times the height of the
center of the house
foundation = solid and adequate foundation should
support the building usually made from concrete
Space Requirements for Broilers

0 - 3 weeks .3 sq. ft/chick

3 - weeks .5 sq. ft/chick

5 to market age 1.0 sq. ft/chick

Housing and other Equipments
 HEALTH MANAGEMENT
Prevention is better than cure
Bio-security measures
Effective Vaccination
Increase the resistant of animals against
diseases
Proper cleaning and good sanitation
Minimize stress (environmental)
 Vaccination Practices

NCD
B1B1 7 days old
La Sota 28 days old
La Sota 60 days old
Killed 90 days old
IBD 10 days old
Fowl Fox 45 days old
Coryza 76 days old
 Chicken Vaccination
- application
Eye drop (NCD)
Wing web (Fowl pox)
BUDGETARY REQUIREMENTS
Capital fund
Land
ownership or lease/rental
Perimeter fence
Earthmoving expenses/land development
Building
houses ( animals, bodega, office, laborers quarters)
water system
electrical system
Equipment
layers (cages/installation)
brooders (heater)
Stocks/Animals
BUDGETARY REQUIREMENTS
Operating Expenses
Lease on land/amortization
Depreciation (housing, equipment)
Administrative/ labor
Feeds/Drugs/supplies
Power, light and water
Marketing expenses
Miscellaneous
 SOURCE OF INCOME
Sales
broilers (live weight)
layers (egg)
Other Income
sacks
manure
 1000 heads broiler (Cost)
Cost of day old chicks P24.00/hd P 24,000.00

Feed Cost
Chick booster 10g/hd/day for 7
days at P22.00/kg P 1,540.00

Broiler starter 60 g/day for 21

days at P20.00/kg 25,200.00

Broiler finisher 90 g/day for 14

days at P18.00/kg 22,680.00
Medicine P2.00/chick 2,000.00

Misc. 2.00/chick 2,000.00

Sub total P 53,420.00

1000 heads broiler (Income)

Total sale 960 x 1.8 kg at P 75/kg P 129,600.00

Plus other income 1,200.00

Total income 130,800.00

Less: Total Expense 77,480.00

Gross Income 53,320.00

Thank You

The End