Society, Culture and Population

ANTHROPOLOGY
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ANTHROPOLOGY

Etymology (from Greek words):

anthropos “human”

Logos “word/study of”

 The study of humankind.
 The field of inquiry that studies human culture
and evolutionary aspects of human biology, etc.

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ILONGOT: THE HEAD
HUNTING TRIBE

Sierra Madre Range

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ILONGOT

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Society, Culture and Population

DISCIPLINES OF
ANTHROPOLOGY
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ARCHAEOLOGY

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ARCHAEOLOGY

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LINGUISTIC
ANTHROPOLOGY

Hieroglyphics Sumerian
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LINGUISTIC
ANTHROPOLOGY

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BAYBAYIN

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PHYSICAL
ANTHROPOLOGY

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ETHNOLOGY

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ETHNOLOGY

 Ethnologist
 Ethnographies
 Participant observation is the technique of learning
people’s culture through direct participation in their
everyday life over an extended period of time
 Holistic perspective is a fundamental principle that
things must be viewed in the broadest possible
context, in order to understand their
interconnections and interdependence.

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CULTURAL
ANTHROPOLOGY
B’laan Women in Saranggani

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CULTURAL
ANTHROPOLOGY

 Artifacts are objects or materials made or modified

for use by hominids, e.g. stone tools
 Material culture is the material manifestations of
human activities: tools, arts, structures,
archaeological evidence (fossils, ruins, etc.)
 Ethnocentricity is viewing other culture from
inherently biased perspective of one’s own culture, it
often results in cultures being seen as inferior to
one’s own.

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CULTURAL
ANTHROPOLOGY

 The study of all aspects of human behaviour.

 “primitive societies” – “modern societies”
 Ethnographies are descriptive studies and records
of life ways and phenomena most of which are
now extinct: religion, ritual, myth, use of symbols,
subsistence strategies, technology, gender roles,
child-rearing practices, dietary preference,
taboos, medical practices, kinship, etc.
 Cross-cultural studies

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TROBRIANDERS

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 BRONISLAW
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MALINOWSKI
(1884 – 1942)
 People everywhere share certain
biological and psychological needs
and that the ultimate function of all
cultural institutions is to fulfill those
needs.

Culture must provide for:

1. biological needs (production and

reproduction)

2. instrumental needs (law, education,

etc.)

3. integrative needs (religion, art, etc.)

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TROBRIANDERS

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TROBRIANDERS

 Matrilineal kinship

The Trobrianders consider themselves

related to the mother and her
relatives, but not to the father.

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APPLIED
ANTHROPOLOGY

 Ethnology
 Urban anthropology
 Medical anthropology
 Economic anthropology
 Forensic Anthropology

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URBAN
ANTHROPOLOGY

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