Tourism

The History of Tourism

Early travelers migrated for food and hunting
Early Chinese traveled for trade and military control.
Travel was a way of learning about their historical.
Understand the social and cultural conditions of that time.
Megasthenese the Greek ambassador was known as traveller
at the time of Mauryan Emperor Chandragupta Maurya.
Fahien a Chinese traveler to India in the 5th century AD.
Travel and interaction between nations for the purpose of
trade.
Major travel motive was pilgrimage.
early empires such as Egyptian, Greek, Roman and Sumerian
who promoted travel not only for business but also for leisure.
Travel

Travel comprises all journeys from one place to another. It

includes all journeys made by people who enter a country for
leisure, to work, reside, study or who just pass through a
country without stopping.

Travellers Any person who is taking a trip within or outside

his/her own country of residence irrespective of the purpose of
travel, means of transport used, even though he/she may be
travelling on foot.
 Tourism

Tourism is the travel for recreation (fun ) leisure (rest) family

or business purpose ,usually of a limited duration.
This means tourism involves a lot of movement of people both
within and across international boundaries.
Temporaory ,short -term movement of people to destination
outside their resident place.
The business of providing hotels, restaurants, entertainment,
etc., for people who are traveling.
 Mathieson and Wall (1982) created a good working
definition of tourism as "the temporary movement of people to
destinations outside their normal places of work and
residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those
destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs.

UNWTO defined it as indicated below;

"Tourism comprises the activities of persons traveling to and

staying in places outside their usual environment for not more
than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other
purposes."
 The three criteria as per UNWTO are that the displacement
must be such that:
(i) It involves a displacement outside the usual environment:
(ii) Type of purpose: The travel must occur for any purpose
different from being remunerated from within the place
visited: the previous limits, where tourism was restricted to
recreation and visiting family and friends are now expanded to
include a vast array of purposes;
(iii) Duration: Only a maximal duration is mentioned, not a
minimal. Tourism displacement can be with or without an
overnight stay.
It should be noted that all tourism should have some travel,
but not all travel is tourism.
 Development of tourism
Why :
Increase of more disposal income.

Companies give more paid holidays than they used to.

Increase and improvement transport .

Cheap air transport.

Online reservation.

Infrastructure development .

Time, money, safety and interest in travel led to unparalleled

growth of tourism
Development of mass tourism
 Tourist Typology
Tourists (overnight visitor) A tourist is a
person who travels to destinations outside
his/her residence and working place, and
stays for at least 24 hours, for the purpose of
leisure or business.
Excursionists (same-day visitor or day

tripper) An excursionist is a person who

temporarily visits a destination and would not
stay overnight, for the purpose of leisure or
business, but not for transit.
 Purpose of Tourism

Leisure - recreation, holiday, health, study, religion, sport and

so on;

Business, family and meeting.

 Leisure/Holiday tourism can be divided into 2 forms:
(i) Relaxation (ii) Sightseeing

The destinations for relaxation tourism can be attractive

scenery or sun, sea and sand. Examples of these tourist
destinations are the coasts, beaches, countryside and
mountainous regions.

Sightseeing tourism includes the tourists who may travel

around sightseeing and staying in different places. The main
reasons for sightseeing tourism are a desire for self-education
and for self-esteem. This kind of tourists take a lot of
photographs. Urban centers are their common destinations, for
example, Bangkok, Taipei, Seoul, etc.
Other motives for Tourism
To see culture and history, admire beautiful
Increase knowledge
Experience different lifestyles
Fulfill ones travel dreams
Visit family and friends
Be together with family members or friends
Establish friendships, develop relationships
Escape day-to-day life
Rest and relax body and mind
Relieve work pressure
Get close to and understand nature
See different things
Components of Tourism
Refer to the mechanism with the help of which the machinery
of tourism works.

These components of Tourism are commonly referred to as the

As of tourism.
Attraction

Accommodation

Accessibility

Amenities
Attraction

This means that the destination needs to have some draw that
makes tourists want to visit. EX : scenic beauty, mountains
and lakes , historical building.
Accommodation
This means that tourists have a place to stay upon reaching the
destination and a way to get food. Ex : hotels and motels.
Accessibility

Accessibility, refers to the ability for tourists to get to the

destination. Depending on the destination, this includes cars and
buses, boats and ships, trains and airplanes.
Amenities / Destination facilities

Amenities are the services and facilities added with attraction,

accommodation and accessibility to create tourism. Without
amenities, a destination will be a place, accommodation will
be a local hotel, a transport will be local transport etc.
Activities
The various elements of tourism services available which
offered to tourist at the destination.
Forms of Tourism
Domestic Tourism
comprises the activities of a resident visitor within the country
of reference.
Inbound Tourism
comprises the activities of a non - resident visitor within the
country of reference.
Outbound tourism
comprises the activities of a resident visitor outside the
country of reference.
THANKS