Personality

“the dynamic organization within the

What is Personality?
individual of those Psychophysical system
that determine his unique adjustments to his
environment.” –Gordon Allport
*Heredity

Determinants of
personality
*Environment
SELF CONCEPT as per Carl Rogers

“I” - the personal self

“ME”- the social self

 Freudian and Jungian
Approach to human behavior
 Freudian and Jungian
Approach to human behavior

Stages of Psycho-sexual Four personality dimensions or

Development by Freud traits by Carl Jung

(Erotic) Optimistic, Introversion/Extraversion.

manipulative, cocky,
gullible.
perceiving/ Judging.
(Obsessive) Stingy,
stubborn, orderly,
meticulous. sensing/ iNtuiting .

(Narcissistic) Vain, brash,

courageous, stylish. thinking/ Feeling
 Combination of four Jungian
for 16 personality types
ISTJ ESTJ INTJ ENTJ

ISTP ESTP INTP ENTP

ISFJ ESFJ INFJ ENFJ

ISFP ESFP INFP ENFP

 ERIKSON'S 8 STAGES OF PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
Psychosocial Task or Crisis Social conditions Psycho-social outcome
State

Stage 1(birth to 1 year) Can I trust the world? Support and provision of basic needs. Basic Trust
Oral Sensory Lack of support and deprivation. Basic Distrust

Stage 2 (2-3 years) Can I control my own Behaviour? Permissiveness & support Autonomy
Muscular Over protection and lack of support Shame and
Anal doubt

Stage 3 (4-5 years) Can I become independent of my parents Encouragement to explore Initiative
Genital by exploring my limits?
Lack of opportunity to explore
Guilt
Stage 4 (6-11 years) Can I master the necessary skills to Adequate training and encouragement Industry and inferiority
adapt? Poor training and lack of support
Latency

Stage 5 (12-18 years) Who am I? Intellectual stability and positive Role confusion
What are my beliefs, feelings and feedback and confusion of purpose and
Puberty and Adolescence attitudes? unclear feedback

Stage 6 Can I give myself fully to another? Warmth and sharing and loneliness. Intimacy and isolation
(young adulthood)

Stage 7 What can I offer succeeding generations?Purposefulness and productivity, Generativity and Stagnation
(Adulthood) Lack of growth and regression

Stage 8 Have I found contentment & satisfaction Utility and fulfillment and Integrity and
(Maturity) through my life’s work & play? Disgust and dissatisfaction Despair
 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
• Based on Carl Jung’s work
• People are fundamentally different
• People are fundamentally alike
• People have preference combinations for
extraversion/introversion, perception, judgment
•
•
• Briggs & Myers developed the MBTI to understand
individual differences
 MBTI Preferences

Preferences Represents

Extraversion Introversion How one

re-energizes
Sensing Intuiting How one gathers
information
Thinking Feeling How one makes
decisions
Judging Perceiving How one orients to the
outer world
 The “Big five” personality
traits
High Agreeableness low

High Conscientiousness low

High Emotional stability low

High Extraversion low

High Openness low

 Johari Window

Known to self Not known to self

Known to Known to
OPEN BLIND
others others

Not known to others UNDISCOVERENot known to others

HIDDEN
D

Known to self Not known to self

 Example of “johari window”
FEEDBACK
40

10

30
20
10

E
20
X
P OPEN BLIND
O
S
30
U
R
E HIDDEN UNDISCOVERED

40
  Characteristics of Type A and B
Personality.

Type A Type B
Are impatient with the rate of Never feel urgency and are
work patient.
Move and eat rapidly Are relaxed, eat in a leisurely
fashion and enjoy themselves.

Want to measure everything Do not display their

Do several things simultaneously achievements.
Play for fun than to prove
Few Famous personalities and
their traits
ISFJ- Mother Teresa

INFJ- Gandhi ji

INTP- Einstein

ENTJ- Bill gates

Thank you