Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Plant Layout
Plant layout refers to the arrangement of
machinery, equipment and other industrial facilities
for achieving quickest and smooth production.
Objectives of a Good Layout
Improving productivity is the overall
objective of good layout.
Objectives of a Good Layout
Provide enough production capacity
Reduce material handling costs
Reduce congestion that impedes movement of
material or people
Reduce hazards to personnel
Utilize labour efficiently
Increase employee morale
Reduce accidents
Utilize available space efficiently and effectively
Provide for volume and product flexibility
Provide ease of supervision
Objectives of a Good Layout
Facilitate coordination and face to face
communication where appropriate
Provide for employee safety and health
Allow ease of maintenance
Allow high equipment utilisation
Improve productivity
Factors Influencing facility Layout
Materials
Product
Worker
Machinery
Types of Industry: Synthetic, Analytical, Conditioning, Extractive
Location
Managerial Policies
Principles of Layout
The Principle of Minimum Travel
Principle of Sequence
Principle of Usage
Principle of Compactness
Principle of Safety and Satisfaction
Principle of Flexibility
Principle of Minimum Investment
Types of Layout
i. Process layout or functional layout or job shop
layout;
ii. Product layout or line processing layout or
flow-line layout;
iii. Fixed position layout or static layout;
iv. Cellular manufacturing (CM) layout or Group
Technology layout.
v. Combination layout or Hybrid layout
Basic Layout Types
Product layout
Layout that uses standardized processing operations to
achieve smooth, rapid, high-volume flow
Process layout
Layout that can handle varied processing requirements
Fixed Position layout
Layout in which the product or project remains
stationary, and workers, materials, and equipment are
moved as needed
Process Layout or Functional Layout or Job Shop Layout
Advantages of Process Layouts
Can handle a variety of processing requirements
Not particularly vulnerable to equipment failures
Equipment used is less costly
Possible to use individual incentive plans
Disadvantages of Process Layouts