FIRE BEHAVIOR OF KAOLINITE COMPOSITES

MARCOS BATISTELLA*A, BELKACEM OTAZAGHINEB, RODOLPHE SONNIERB,

JOS-MARIE LOPEZ-CUESTAB, CARLOS PETTERC
*marcos.batistella@posgrad.ufsc.br
A Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Brazil
B Ecole des Mines dAles France
C Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil

SME 2015

February 2015

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 Summary

Introduction

Materials & Methods

Results & Discussion

EVA/Kaolinite

PP/Kaolinite

Conclusions

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 Introduction
L

L 50 nm - 5 m
h 30 - 100 nm

o Kaolinite 001
h

Al2Si2O5(OH)4

o Kaolinite composites
o Mechanical properties & Surface modification
Buggy, M., et al. (2005). Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 36(4), 437442.
Itagaki, T., Matsumuraet al. (2001). Journal of Materials Science Letters, 20(16), 14831484.
Gardolinski, et al. (2000). Journal of Materials Science, 35(12), 31133119.

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 Introduction

o Fire behavior
o Use of mineral fillers as fire retardants
o Aluminium hydroxide or Aluminium TriHydrate
2 Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3 H2O needs 1051 J/g Al(OH)3
o Clays

o Few studies of kaolinite as filler

Wang, L., et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 95(4), 572578.
Batistella, M. et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 100, 94-62.

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 Materials

Reference Density Applications

o Polymers Ethylene-vinyl acetate

(28% vinyl acetate) Alcudia PA440 0,95 Cables

Polypropylene Sabic PP505P 0,905 Automotive

Specific Surface Average Particle

area (m2.g-1) size (m)

Kaolinite K1 14 0.7
Kaolinite K2 19 0.5
o Fillers Kaolinite K3 12 2
ATH 2 12
Talc 19 0.7

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 Methods

o Extrusion/Injection molding
o 140 160C / 200 - 220C

o Cone Calorimeter
o Irradiance: 50kW/m2 pHRR
o HRR
o TTI
HRR (kW.m )
-2

o TGA THR

Time (s)
TTI

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 Cone Calorimeter EVA Composites

Irr: 50kW*m-2

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 Cone Calorimeter EVA Composites

1500 1504 60 Kaolinite

ATH
pHRR (KW*m )

Kaolinite
-2

1032 ATH 50
1000

TTI (s)
40
596 602
500
411
262 282 30
199 192
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
% Filler
% Filler

o Decrease in pHRR
o Increase in TTI

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 Thermal Degradation EVA Composites

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 Cone Calorimeter PP Composites

Composite pHRR TTI (s) THE (MJ.g-1) Residue

(kW.m-2) mass (%)
PP 1000150 443 37,71 0
PP-K1-30 33822 414 35,12 29
PP-TA-30 29512 505 33,42 39

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 Cone Calorimeter PP Composites
400 100

PP-K1-30
300 75 PP-MgOH-30

Mass Loss (%)

HRR (kW.m-2)

200 50

100 25

()2 + 2
0 0
0 150 300 450 600 750 900 1050 0 150 300 450 600 750 900 1050
Time (s) Time

Composite pHRR TTI (s) THE (MJ.g-1)

(kW.m-2)
PP-K1-30 33822 414 35,12
PP-MgOH-30 34215 553 34,13

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 Conclusions

o The incorporation of kaolinite in EVA or PP has serious

advantages over traditional formulations:
o Improved fire behavior by the formation of a protective layer
o Reduction in pHRR
o Improved TTI

o Catalytic effect on deacetylation: EVA

Kaolinite is a good candidate for improving fire

behavior of composites!

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 Thank you for your attention!
C2MA
Centre des Matriaux des
Mines dAls

Special tanks to:

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