EXPLAIN WHITE LEDS

AND
z
ITS IMPORTANCE
TODAY

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LEDs are not that weak like ordinary conventional bulbs as they
dont have filament to burn out or break. They also have an
advantage of getting on instantly like halogen lamps and therefore
they can be used in applications like frequent-on off cycling. They
are more fragile and hard to heat up soon. There is a rapid
development in LED technology and it is guaranteed that it will
outnumber the HID lighting.

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LED- a source of light
Light emitting diode is considered as the source of light for using
diodes that emit light when the circuit is connected to it. A large
number of photons is released by the LED and the effect is called
as electro luminescence. A semiconductor chip located in the
center of the light source is an important part of the LED. P and N
regions are the regions in it with a junction between them. Positive
electric charge dominates the P region and the negative electric
charge dominates the N region. A block between the two region is
called a junction which blocks the passage of carriers between the
two regions.

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If sufficient voltage is applied to the semiconductor chip then you
can find electrons crossing the junction to the opposite attractions
and then two charges recombine with each other.
An emission of photon light is possible because of electron and a
positive ion combination the electric potential energy is converted
into electromagnetic energy.
The characteristics of the semiconductor material is determined by
the photon frequency. Different semiconductor materials emits
different LED colors. There are small electrical circuit components
like bulb without any need of filament. By the movement of
electrons LEDs are illuminated and extremely reliable on the long
run.
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TYPE OF LED USED IN LIGHTING

APPLICATIONS :
The most fascinating technology since the introduction of
fluorescent lamps is called White LED. Because of high low
current requirements, high intensity LEDs are now popular and in
demand. Lighting applications uses white LEDS for conserving
energy. Back light illuminations in mobile phone, LCD back lights,
vehicle and home lighting are some of the applications of White
LED. With little energy consumption it can effectively convert
electricity into light.

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Reason behind preference for White LED

As white LED produces around 75-100 lumens per watt with a
minimal current of 350 Milliampere, White LED is preferred.
LEDs have zero energy loss through heat. There is no mercury or
lead in LEDS and hence they are Eco friendly.

If you consider a 1 Watt LED it gives about 100lm luminous flux

which is more than enough for a particular area. Lumen is the unit
for the amount of light emitted by a light source. A 730 lumen light
is emitted by a 60 Watt bulb. Whereas a 900 lumen of light is
emitted by 50 Watt halogen lamp.

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White LED provides 3.3 volts with a forward voltage drop of 1

watt and it consumes 350 Milli amperes. A 3 volt normal white
LED requires 40 mA current for maximum brightness. With a
range from hundreds of milli ampere to an Ampere producing high
intensity light, High power LEDS are driven with higher current.
For avoiding damage of the device the High Power LEDS are kept
on a heat sink for heat dissipation.

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CONSTRUCT WHITE LEDs using these 2

ways:
- Coat an LED chip with blue made Indium Gallium Nitride with a
lot of colors for producing White LED. Light spectrum part with
respect to the blue light is transferred for a longer wavelength.
There is an operational wavelength from green to ultraviolet by
varying amounts of gallium and indium during production.

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- By Coating near UV emitting LEDs, white LEDs are formed with

a combination of high efficiency Europium based blue and red
emitting phosphors with green emitting copper and aluminum
doped zinc sulphide.

For more information join the electrical training institute for

becoming a certified electrical engineer in this field.

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