Shape and Space

Circles
The value of

For any circle the circumference is always just over

three times bigger than the radius.

The exact number is called (pi).

We use the symbol because the number cannot be written

exactly.

= 3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169
39937510582097494459230781640628620899862803482
53421170679821480865132823066470938446095505822
31725359408128481117450284102701938521105559644
62294895493038196 (to 200 decimal places)!
Approximations for the value of

When we are doing calculations involving the value

we have to use an approximation for the value.

Generally, we use the approximation 3.14

We can also use the button on a calculator.

When a calculation has lots of steps we write as a symbol

throughout and evaluate it at the end, if necessary.
The circumference of a circle

For any circle,

circumference
=
diameter
or,
C
=
d

We can rearrange this to make a formula to find the

circumference of a circle given its diameter.

C = d
Circle circumference and diameter
The circumference of a circle

Use = 3.14 to find the circumference of this circle.

C = d
8 cm
= 3.14 8
= 25.12 cm
Finding the circumference given the radius

The diameter of a circle is two times its radius, or

d = 2r

We can substitute this into the formula

C = d

to give us a formula to find the circumference of a circle

given its radius.

C = 2r
The circumference of a circle

Use = 3.14 to find the circumference of the following circles:

C = d 9m C = 2r
4 cm
= 3.14 4 = 2 3.14 9
= 12.56 cm = 56.52 m

C = d C = 2r
58 cm
23 mm = 3.14 23 = 2 3.14 58
= 72.22 mm = 364.24 cm
Finding the radius given the circumference

Use = 3.14 to find the radius of this circle.

C = 2r
12 cm
How can we rearrange
this to make r the subject
of the formula?
C
r= ?
2
12
=
2 3.14
= 1.91 cm (to 2 d.p.)
Find the perimeter of this shape

Use = 3.14 to find perimeter of this shape.

The perimeter of this shape is

made up of the circumference
of a circle of diameter 13 cm
and two lines of length 6 cm.
13 cm
6 cm Perimeter = 3.14 13 + 6 + 6

= 52.82 cm
Circumference problem

The diameter of a bicycle wheel is 50 cm. How many

complete rotations does it make over a distance of 1 km?
Using C = d and = 3.14,
The circumference of the wheel
= 3.14 50
= 157 cm
1 km = 100 000 cm
50 cm
The number of complete rotations
= 100 000 157
= 637
Formula for the area of a circle

We can find the area of a circle using the formula

Area of a circle = r r

radius or

Area of a circle = r2
Area of a circle
The circumference of a circle

Use = 3.14 to find the area of this circle.

4 cm A = r2
= 3.14 4 4
= 50.24 cm2
Finding the area given the diameter

The radius of a circle is half of its radius, or

d
r=
2

We can substitute this into the formula

A = r2

to give us a formula to find the area of a circle given its

diameter.

d2
A=
4
The area of a circle

Use = 3.14 to find the area of the following circles:

2 cm A = r2 A = r2
10 m
= 3.14 2 2
= 3.14 52
= 12.56 cm2 = 78.5 m2

A = r2 A = r2
78 cm
23 mm = 3.14 232 = 3.14 392
= 1661.06 mm2 = 4775.94 cm2
Find the area of this shape

Use = 3.14 to find area of this shape.

The area of this shape is made up

of the area of a circle of diameter
13 cm and the area of a rectangle
of width 6 cm and length 13 cm.
13 cm Area of circle = 3.14 6.52
6 cm
= 132.665 cm2
Area of rectangle = 6 13
= 78 cm2
Total area = 132.665 + 78
= 210.665 cm2