SOCIAL CAPITAL

BAMBANG RUDITO
GROUPING OF PEOPLE

Same background, level of education, ethnic-

group, alumni, age, sex, etc
There is guidelines for controlling and functioning
the member
The function of guidelines can called as social
capital.
 Basic of group

Human group picturing two kinds of solidarity

There are mechanic solidarity and organic
solidarity
 Mechanic solidarity

The power of rule

The members usually not know why they are
grouping
There are many taboos and restrictions for
controlling the members those are connected with
supernatural world
Usually used in rural area
Rules as the main factor
 Organic solidarity

Created because of the same concern, the

members in the same stratum and create trust
between members
As an urban life
 The meaning of social capital

Human resources that a kind of organization

Social institution
Social networking
 Indicators connected with social capital

Trust (the important factor to compete)

Transparence (between members of social
networking)
There are norm, moral, value and rules
 stakeholder

Legitimacy
Power
Interest

Individual or group among community, national,

global that influence and influenced to the
corporate activity as a society
 STAKEHOLDER RELATIONSHIP

Functional relationship
Pattern of interaction
As a system
 Social networking

Social relationship pattern

Power interaction
Domination arena between groups
 Kinds of stakeholder

In the company : shareholder/owner; retire

employee; manager;
Customer : public that used the corporate
products; traditional market.
Employee: new and old; minority and majority;
family of the employee
 supplier; competitor; corporate association;
CBO; university; NGO
Community: people, who are living around the
company; CBO; NGO
Environment: nature, social, cultural
Mass media: press; columnist
Government: legislative; executive
Corporate Social
Responsibility
Background of CSR

in the Trinidad on ISO/COPOLCO (Commite

on consumer policy) workshop of world
corporates.
the topic of workshop Corporate Social
Responsibility Concepts and Solutions,
10th of June 2002, Port of Spain
result of workshop

responsibility for the corporate that involved in

ISO have to apply the activities connected to local
community for increasing people prosperity as
the owner of location where the corporate is
located.
CSR

the commitment of business to behave ethically,

operate legally and contribute to economic
development while improving the quality of life of
its employees and their families, as well as the
local community and society at large.
CSR

creating relationship with local

stakeholders could be called as a
principle of increase the prosperity
pattern and could be called as
corporate social responsibility
 3 levels of CSR

1. public relations

. such as cause-related marketing program that

launched by Saatchi and Saatchi for Benetton
product. In this example this corporate shows
dead punishment for prisoner.
 the purpose of this corporate is increasing
the image for people that Benetton care for
dead punishment
PT. Gudang Garam commercial TV program
showing connected with rules, norm, moral
of the society
2. Defensive strategy

example Nike responses for teenager worker

condition in Nike. Nike explained the environment
and worker condition.
Liga Jarum for sponsoring the football sport in
Indonesia
3. through the vission of the corporate for
creating a good activities for people.

Mercks action for giving drugs to people

Starbucks commitment to pay the coffe farmer
with fair price and build education infra-
structure and health center in farmer
community.
PT Sampurna sponsoring bea siswa for children
in Indonesia, also Ford Foundation, Toyota
Foundation.
implementation of
corporate social responsibility concept

Not only received the corporate for processing

their work among the community, but also as a
part of community life
Corporate and community as a social system such
as economy, politic and also technology.
 The good implementation in
community development is a
one of corporate social
responsibility success that
applied by corporate
Stakeholder and CSR

The relationship between stakeholders included

corporate can used as a kind of CSR
The process of relationship between local
community stakeholder or local community itself
can be called as community development process
that executed by company
Community development

Community relation
Community services
Community empowerment
Community relation

Create social networking with stakeholders

Giving information about the company
Using local community as employee
Community services

Charity
Fulfill what the people need such as education,
health center, water, electricity, public center,
sanitation etc.
Community empowerment

To strengthen the people access

Create people autonomous for living
Developing social, economy, politic of the people
As a human sustainability
Steps of community development

Social identification
Program identification
Program assessment
Program application
Monitoring and evaluation
Social audit
Input to the community and also input for next
program
THE IMPORTANCE COMMUNITY IN
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

Development
object and
subject
Human resources
corporate image
SUSTAINABILITY
IMPORTANT THINGS OF
CSR FOR INDUSTRY
T H E R E L AT I O N B E T W E E N C O R P O R AT E
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND
S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y D E V E L O P M E N T
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Is development which meets the needs of the

present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs. Some people
also believe that the concept of sustainable
development should include preserving the
environment for other species as well as for people.
INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY

Apply in south countries for reducing poverty,

because north countries need resources and
some south countries need industrial.
Trickle down effect from industry to poor people
but bureaucracy through government who were
increasing in wealth not the people
People in south countries still depend on natural
environment for subsistence
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Economic sustainability (employee, labor,

product, tax, ethic, supplier, shareholder)
Environment sustainability (eco labeling,
environmental impact assessment)
Social sustainability (CSR)
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
Reduce the negative impact from industrial
activities connected to the environment (nature,
social, and cultural)
In Indonesia known as Analisis mengenai Dampak
Lingkungan (AmDaL) before industry running
their activity (pre-construction, operation, and
after operation)
 Indicator for EIA : physic, chemistry, biology
concentration in soil, water, air. Social, culture,
population concentration in local community
PROBLEM OF EIA

Social condition which are different between

countries
Social environment has no or difficult indicator
for AmDaL include cultural condition
Zoning criteria (1,2,and 3).
Social creates specific document beside EIA,
included culture and political dimension
THE WORLD BUSINESS COUNCIL FOR
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, 1999
The continuing commitment by business to
behave ethically and contribute to economic
development while improving the quality of life of
the workforce and their family as well as of the
local community and society at large
INDONESIA BUSINESS LINKS, 2001

The commitment of business to minimize its

negative impacts and maximize its positive
contributions to all stakeholders in connection in
economic, social and environmental aspects to
achieve sustainable development
BUSINESS FOR SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY, 2002
Business practices that strengthen accountability,
respecting ethical values in the interest of all
stakeholders
Corporate has to: business ethics community
investment, environment, government and
accountability, human right, marketplace, vision,
mission and values, workplace
TRINIDAD AND TOBACO BUREAU OF
STANDARDS (TTBS)

the commitment of business to act ethically,

operate legally and contribute to economic
development along with improving the quality of
life of employees and their families, local
community and society more broadly
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN CSR
MEANS
Acting responsibly and contributing positively to
the communities company operates in. This
involves working closely with employees, their
families and the local community. A fundamental
principle of SR is that CSR behaves as a
responsible neighbour to our customers,
shareholders and employees.
FOUR KEY AREAS OF CSR FOCUS WITH
REGARD TO SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

1. (community) Working in partnership with

community organisations, charities and
the public.
2. (market place) Developing new services
to address social and environmental
problems
3. (environment) Measuring and
continuously improving environmental
impact.
4. (workplace) Operating a culture where
inclusion is the norm and diversity and
STANDARDS OF
CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
STANDARD OF CSR

Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

International Finance Corporation (IFC)
GLOBAL REPORTING INITIATIVE

Economic impact
Social impact
Environmental impact
ECONOMIC

Economic performance : economic value; finance

implication from climate change; pension plan for
employee; government aid from tax.
Market presence/interaction: lower level salary
ratio; regulation from local supplier; local
managerial recruitment
SOCIAL

Human right: man and hours in training; number

of racial and discrimination; labor union
interaction
Labor: number of labor connected with skill;
benefit for labor; percentage of agreement labor;
number of work accident; training of labor in hour
per year; number of training for labor and
employee; gender condition
 Society: characteristic of assessment program for
community; number of business unit those have
corruption risk; percentage of employee who has
already trained for corruption ward off; company
action for corruption; participation on public
regulation; cost for regulation violation
Product responsibility: health impact from
product; consumer complaint.
ENVIRONMENT

Resources aspect: number of resources; recycling

resources
Energy: energy consumption; energy saving;
company initiative for renewable energy
Water aspect: water volume that needed; impact
in water condition from the activity; recycling of
water
Transportation aspect
 Biodiversity: location production activity there are
under regulation area and kind of diversity; the
value of diversity; strategy for protection
Emission: green house emission, the important
things are: carbon dioxide (CO2); gas methanol
(CH4); Nitrous oxide (N20); Hydro flourocarbons
(HFCs); Perflourocarbons (PFCs); Sulfur hexa
flouride (SF6)
 Product aspects: reduction of negative impact
initiative; recycling products
Obedient to the regulation of environmental
condition
IFC (INTERNATIONAL FINANCE
CORPORATION)
Performance Standards on
Social and Environmental Sustainability
International Finance Corporation (IFC) applies
the Performance Standards to manage social and
environmental risks and impacts and to enhance
development opportunities in its private sector
financing in its member countries eligible for
financing.
 eight Performance Standards establish standards
that the client2 is to meet throughout the life of
an investment by IFC or other relevant financial
institution
PERFORMANCE STANDARD OF IFC

Performance Standard 1: Social and

Environmental Assessment and Management
System
Performance Standard 2: Labor and Working
Conditions
Performance Standard 3: Pollution Prevention and
Abatement
Performance Standard 4: Community Health,
Safety and Security
 Performance Standard 5: Land Acquisition and
Involuntary Resettlement
Performance Standard 6: Biodiversity
Conservation and Sustainable Natural Resource
Management
Performance Standard 7: Indigenous Peoples
Performance Standard 8: Cultural Heritage
CHARACTERISTIC OF THE
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
Performance Standard 1 establishes the
importance of: (i) integrated assessment to
identify the social and environmental
impacts, risks, and opportunities of projects;
(ii) effective community engagement
through disclosure of project-related
information and consultation with local
communities on matters that directly affect
them; and
(iii) the clients management of social and
environmental performance throughout the
life of the project.
 Performance Standards 2 through 8 establish
requirements to avoid, reduce, mitigate or
compensate for impacts on people and the
environment, and to improve conditions where
appropriate.
HAL-HAL YANG DILAKUKAN MAHASISWA
Membangun jalan desa sepanjang 3 km
Membangun mushola, dan sanitasi
Membangun jalan dan mesjid serta air bersih
Membangun air bersih serta penjernihan air
Membangun bisnis susu kambing etawa
Membangun gedung madrasah
Menciptakan produk turunan dari susu sapi (karamel) dan
membangun UKM
Membangun bisnis jus jambu
Membangun madrasah beserta organisasi (lembaga) dan
bisnis sayur mayur.
Membangun gedung sekolah Dasar
Membangun Koperasi beserta perangkat produksi
JALAN KAMPUNG SEBELUM DI ASPAL
MEMBANGUN JALAN DESA (3 KM)
PEMBUATAN JALAN DESA DI LIUNG GUNUNG CIWIDEY
MAHASISWA SBM
JALAN KAMPUNG LIUNG GUNUNG
CIWIDEY YANG SUDAH SELESAI
TANDON AIR BERSIH DI KAMPUNG
BARUSEN
PENJERNIHAN AIR MINUM KAMPUNG BARUSEN
CIWIDEY
MEMBUAT MUSOLA DI KAMPUNG LEGOK MERI KUTA
MEKAR
MUSOLA BARU KAMPUNG LEGOK MERI KUTA MEKAR CIWIDEY
RENOVASI MESJID KAMPUNG TONJONG
CIWIDEY
MADRASAH DI KAMPUNG PASIR AWI CIWIDEY
MEMBANGUN KEMBALI SEKOLAH DASAR
AKIBAT GEMPA DI PENGALENGAN
MEMBUAT MADRASAH DAN
KELEMBAGAAN EKONOMI PENGALENGAN
PELATIHAN UNTUK UKM
MEMPRAKTEKKAN BISNIS BARU
RISET TERAPAN DI PENGALENGAN

Training dan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan

kemampuan kelompok dalam masyarakat di
bidang ekonomi.
1. Menciptakan mesin pengering untuk cabai, kentang,
singkong dan juga sayur-sayuran
2. Menciptakan kelompok sosial ekonomi (UKM)
berdasarkan pada modal sosial yang sudah ada
sehingga terbangun adanya OVOP.
3. Memberikan konsultasi tentang pembukuan,
manajemen di industri kecil dan menengah
OBSERVASI INDUSTRI
KECIL DAN POTENSI
RUMAH TANGGA DI
PENGALENGAN
OBSERVASI DAN
INTERVIEW
TENTANG PRODUK
LOKAL DAN
TEKNOLOGI YANG
DIGUNAKAN DI
PENGALENGAN
FGD DAN PELATIHAN EKONOMI LOKAL
KONSULTASI LANGSUNG TENTANG HAMBATAN UKM
CROSS CULTURE COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
1ST SEED di Ciwidey (kampung Cisauk) Indonesia
2nd SEED di Ciwidey (Liung Gunung dan
kutamekar) Indonesia
3rd SEED di Cisurupan (Garut) Indonesia
4th SEED di Kampung Sri Tujuh, Tumpat (Kelantan)
Malaysia
5th SEED di Ciwidey Indonesia
6th SEED di Kampong Aer Brunei Darussalam
7th SEED di Dhan Nyan Hochimin Vietnam
8th SEED di Pattani Thailand
OBSERVASI
TERHADAP PRODUK-
PRODUK YANG
DIHASILKAN OLEH
PENDUDUK SETELAH
DILAKUKAN
PENDAMPINGAN
OLEH MAHASISWA DI
BAYONGBONG
GARUT
OBSERVASI
interview ? di Kampung Kuta Mekar
Ciwidey
OBSERVASI LAPANGAN
INTERVIEW
MENCOBA KERUDUNG
DISKUSI SESAMA ANGGOTA TIM (CROSS CULTURAL)
CROSS-CULTURAL DISCUSSION
MENGIKUTI TRAINING
SEBAGAI PENELITI
SOSIAL
SEDANG PELATIHAN PENELITIAN SOSIAL
PARTISIPAN