Virtualization Techniques

TOPIC 1:
VIRTUALIZATION
TECHNIQUES
.1 ITP4112 Network and Virtualized Systems
Administration Project
 MODULE INTENDED LEARNING
OUTCOME
On completion of the module, students are
expected to be able to:
(#5) apply virtualization techniques in systems

Virtualization Techniques
administration and integration

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 LEARNING CONTENTS
On completion of this topic, students are expected
to be able to:

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Virtualization Techniques
INTRODUCTION
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 WHAT IS VIRTUALIZATION?
In computer science, virtualization refers to the
abstraction of fundamental computing resources
that gives users the illusion of sole ownership

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Virtual memory is an abstraction that provides
processes with the impression that they control large
amounts of physical memory
In OS platform virtualization, this abstraction mainly
involves computer hardware components, including
CPU, memory, hard drive, network card, etc., which
are viewed as the fundamental resources

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 WHAT IS VIRTUALIZATION?

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 SERVER VIRTUALIZATION
Creating multiple logical server OSs (Virtual
Machines VMs) instances on one physical piece
of hardware

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All hardware drivers are virtualized
Same virtual hardware regardless of physical
hardware
Each VM is completely independent of the others
and does not realize it is virtualized

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 HISTORY OF VIRTUALIZATION
Virtualization was first developed in the 1960s to
partition large, mainframe hardware for better
hardware utilization

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These partitions allowed mainframes to
multitask
Run multiple applications and processes at the same
time
Virtualization was abandoned during the 1980s
and 1990s when client-server applications and
inexpensive x86 servers and desktops were used
The growth in x86 server and desktop deployments
led to new IT infrastructure and operational 8
challenges
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 NEW CHALLENGES
Low Infrastructure Utilization
Typical x86 server deployments achieve an average utilization
of only 10% to 15% of total capacity

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Increasing Physical Infrastructure Costs
The operational costs to support growing physical
infrastructure have steadily increased
Increasing IT Management Costs
As computing environments become more complex, the level of
experience required for infrastructure management personnel
have increased
Insufficient Failover and Disaster Protection
High Maintenance end-user desktops
Controlling a distributed desktop environment and enforcing
management, access and security policies without impairing 9
users ability to work effectively is complex and expensive

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 SERVER CONSOLIDATION

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 VIRTUALIZATION VS.
CONSOLIDATION
Virtualized servers
SeparateOss
Must each be administered, patched, etc.

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Consolidation
Same OS
Applications can introduce conflicts and support
issues
Limitation of server consolidation
Network Bandwidth
Services Availability

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 VIRTUALIZATION IN THE DATA
CENTRE
Traditional Data Centre
Multipleservers running individual applications
Dual GbE connections to the Ethernet switch

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Dual Fibre Channel connections to the Fibre Channel switch
Server Virtualization
Multiple VMs on a physical server
Virtual software switch routes VM traffic, resulting in significant
overhead
Customers increase the number of GbE ports per server
Fibre Channel HBA provides SAN connectivity
10 Gigabit Ethernet
10GbE NIC simplifies connectivity
Scales with the platform
Lower power and lower cost than multiple 1GbE NICs
Unified Networking
Fibre
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Channel over Ethernet allows LAN and SAN traffic to run over
10GbE

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 VIRTUALIZATION BENEFITS
Reduces administrative efforts
Lowers operational costs
Fewer servers to manage

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Migrating legacy platforms onto supported infrastructure
Speeds deployment
Now 1-6 weeks (requisition, setup, software, test)
Virtual reduces this to hours

Testing and troubleshooting

Simplify system imaging
Reduced hardware and infrastructure costs
Server consolidation and decreased need to purchase additional
servers
Opportunity to implement green computing while achieving ROI
Increased rack space 13
Reduced white space requirements

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 VIRTUALIZATION BENEFITS
Improves resource utilization
Increased CPU utilization and reduced power use
Typical server utilization rate: ~10-15% (usually higher for

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virtualized storage)
Virtualized utilization rate: Up to 80%
Quick and easier server provisioning
Long-term matching resources and needs
Increases availability
More effective redundancy
Virtualized servers can be mirrored in case of failure
Hardware maintenance without application downtime
Disaster recovery
Tools to enhance security
Supporting specialized environments in a more resource effective 14
manner

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 CURRENT CHALLENGES IN SERVER
VIRTUALIZATION
Management complexity
Lack of visibility into applications and

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infrastructure dependencies
Limited understanding of application workload

profiles
Unclear metrics to justify ROI

Fear of reduced availability

Lack of staff expertise

Inadequate orchestration tools and policies

Creates VM sprawl and Increases complexity

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 DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION
Separates a personal computer desktop
environment from a physical machine using a
clientserver model of computing

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The model stores the resulting "virtualized" desktop

on a remote central server, instead of on the local

storage of a remote client
When users work from their remote desktop client,

all of the programs, applications, processes and

data used are kept and run centrally
Allows users to access their desktops on any capable

device
A traditional personal computer, notebook computer, 16
smartphone, or thin client

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 DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION

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 BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF
DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION

Benefits
Easier to secure and backup

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PC sprawl becomes image sprawl
Easier to manage desktops with centralized encapsulated files
(e.g. Centralized patch update)
Deliver just enough server to desktop users
Move hardware independent desktops seamlessly among servers
Complete isolated desktops with no application changes
Desktop disaster recovery not previously available
Reduce / eliminate the need to refresh physical desktops

Challenges
Degraded user experience
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High SAN Storage costs

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 Virtualization Techniques
TECHNOLOGIES AND
COMPONENTS
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 HYPERVISOR
Ahypervisororvirtual machine manager(VMM)
A piece of computer software, firmware or hardware
that creates and runsvirtual machines

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It presents to the guest operating systems avirtual
operating platformand manages the execution of the
guest operating systems
Multiple instances of a variety of operating systems may
share the virtualized hardware resources
Host machine
A computer on which a hypervisor is running one or
more virtual machines
Guest machine
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Those virtual machines

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 TYPES OF HYPERVISORS
Type 1 (or native, bare metal)
Hypervisors run directly on the host's hardware to
control the hardware and to monitor guest operating

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systems
A guest operating system runs on above the
hypervisor
Examples
CitrixXenServer
VMware ESX/ESXi
KVM (Kernel-based VM)
Microsoft Hyper-V
vm vm
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 TYPES OF HYPERVISORS
Type 2 (or hosted)
Run within a conventional operating system
environment

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With the hypervisor layer as a distinct second
software level, guest operating systems run at the
third level above the hardware
Examples
VMware Player,
Workstation and Server
Oracle VirtualBox
Microsoft Virtual PC and
Virtual Server 22
QEMU

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 ADVANTAGES OF TYPE-1
HYPERVISOR
The hypervisor has direct access to the Hardware
Guest OSs do not need to make processor, memory
and I/O requests via a host OS as in type-2

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The processing is much faster
System is thin
This allows us to give most of the physical resources
to the virtual machines
Decreased security attack vectors, the system is
harder to compromise.
The number of VMs on a host can be higher

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 ADVANTAGES OF TYPE-2
HYPERVISOR
Run on a wider range of hardware because the
underlying Host OS is controlling hardware
access

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Ease of access, this can be run in Window on an
OS
Allows multiple OS inside of a single OS
This is particularly useful for Demos and Support
organizations
Data can be secured on the desktop

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 MONOLITHIC HYPERVISOR
Monolithic hypervisor handles nearly all the
functions that one would expect in an operating
system

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Scheduling, memory management, file systems,
management interfaces, the driver stacks for all
supported hardware and so on except those
components for handling program execution
Examples
Vmware ESX
Xen 1.0

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 MONOLITHIC HYPERVISOR
Simpler than a
modern kernel, but
still complex

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Contains its own
drivers model

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 MICROKERNEL(IZED) HYPERVISOR
Microkernel(ized) Hypervisor contains only the
functions that are absolutely required to share
the hardware among the virtual machines

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Scheduler provides the shared access to the CPUs
Memory manager to manage physical memory to
virtual machines
The other required functions are found in the
parent partition
Examples
Microsoft Hyper-v
Xen 1.2 and later
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 MICROKERNEL(IZED) HYPERVISOR
Simple partitioning
functionality

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Increase reliability

No third-party code

Drivers run within

guests
An inherently secure
architecture with
minimal attack
surface
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Virtualization Techniques
TECHNOLOGYIES
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 TYPES OF VIRTUALIZATION

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Full Virtualization
Emulation (Binary Translation)

Types of
Virtualization

Hardware-assisted
Para-virtualization Virtualization
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 EMULATION
VM simulates the
complete hardware in
software

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This allows an operating
system for one computer
architecture to be run
on the architecture that
the emulator is written
for
This has been used in
the past but is difficult
to do and offers low
performance 31

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 FULL VIRTUALIZATION
Complete simulation of the Examples:
underlying hardware VirtualBox
The hardware must be

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reflected into virtual
VMware Workstation
machines including the full (32-bit guests)
instruction set, input/output Microsoft Virtual PC
operations, interrupts,
memory access, and whatever
other elements are used by
the software that runs on the
bare machine
Guest operating system and
application set can run
unmodified and unaware
that their platform is being 32
virtualized
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 PARA-VIRTUALIZATION
The guest operating system has
Examples:


some knowledge of the hypervisor,
and can leverage this knowledge Xen
to optimize its execution in

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concert with the hypervisor VMware ESX
The guest OS drivers and
hypervisor drivers integrate with
one another to efficiently enable
and share physical device access
Low-level simulation of devices is
removed, replaced with cooperating
guest and hypervisor drivers
The downside of para-
virtualization is that the guest
must be modified to integrate
hypervisor awareness, but this
includes an upside in overall 33
performance

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 HARDWARE-ASSISTED
VIRTUALIZATION
The x86 instruction set are not ideal for virtualization
based upon some of the privileged instructions
To remedy this, hardware was updated to make the

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environment more easily virtualized
With hardware support, the processors can trap and emulate
sensitive instructions directly in hardware instead of software
Intel (VT-x) and AMD (AMD-V)
Provide hardware assists for virtualization
Provide efficiently transition between VMs and the hypervisor
using special instructions
VMs can bypass the hypervisor to deal directly with hardware,
making I/O operations more efficient
Hardware-assisted virtualization is useful in full and para-
virtualized scenarios and is exploited by all major 34
hypervisor solutions

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 Virtualization Techniques
MANAGEMENT AND
ADMINISTRATION
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 VIRTUALIZATION SOLUTION
CPU Virtualization Implementation
Intel Virtualization Technology (VT)
AMD-V (SVM/Pacifica)

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Server Virtualization Implementation
VMware vSphere
Microsoft Hyper-V
Citrix Xen

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 HARDWARE ASSISTED
VIRTUALIZATION

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Multitasking Hyper-Threading (Multi-core)

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Hardware Assisted Virtualization
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 HARDWARE ASSISTED
VIRTUALIZATION
CPUs with Virtualization Technology have new
instructions to control virtualization so as:
Speeding up the transfer of platform control between

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the guest operating systems (OSs) and the virtual
machine manager (VMM)/hypervisor
Enabling the VMM to uniquely assign I/O devices to
guest OSs
Optimizing the network for virtualization with
adapter-based acceleration

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 CPU VIRTUALIZATION
IMPLEMENTATION
Intel Virtualization Technology (VT)
VT-x (x86 CPU) / VT-i (Itanium CPU) architecture
Hardware-based Solutions

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H/W virtualization
VT-x (Intel IA32)
AMD-V (SVM/Pacifica)
Does not require guests priv code emulation
Should allow for full virtualization of x86/x64 guests
Not very popular in commercial VMMs

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 INTEL VIRTUALIZATION
TECHNOLOGY

Intel Virtualization Technology (Intel VT)

Intel VT refers to all the hardware assists for virtualization that Intel offers across its platform (CPU, Chipset, I/O)

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Intel VT for IA-32 and
Intel 64 Intel VT For Directed I/O Intel VT For Connectivity
(Intel VT-x, VT-x2) (Intel VT-d, VT-d2) (Intel VT-c)
Intel VT-x refers to all the hardware Intel VT-d refers to all the hardware Intel VT-c refers to all the hardware
assists for virtualization in Intel assists for virtualization in Intel assists for virtualization in Intel
Xeon processors chipset networking and I/O devices

Processor Chipset Network

- Interrupt acceleration
- I/O performance through - Over 2x throughput gains
- Flexibility in live
direct assignment on 10GbE
migration
- Memory protection - Offload routine I/O tasks
- Extended page tables 40

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 INTEL VIRTUALIZATION
TECHNOLOGY
VT-x represents Intel's technology for
virtualization on the x86 platform
It speeds up the transfer of platform control between

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the guest operating systems and the hypervisor.
VT-d stands for "Intel Virtualization Technology
for Directed I/O"
It enables the hypervisor to uniquely assign I/O
devices to guest OSs
VT-c represents virtualization technology for
connectivity
It improves the performance of network I/O on a
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 SERVER VIRTUALIZATION
IMPLEMENTATION
VMware
VMware vSphere
Has the most experience

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Very mature product suite
Focus is on integrating IT process automation around
virtualization
Microsoft
Microsoft Hyper-V
Standalone version released in October 2008
Real solution (one with HA) has been out since August 2008
Citrix
CitrixXenServer acquired XenSource on August 2007
Has working low cost server virtualization solution
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Focus is on client virtualization

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 MAGIC QUADRANT FOR X86 SERVER
VIRTUALIZATION INFRASTRUCTURE

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 Virtualization Techniques
VMWARE VIRTUALIZATION
PRODUCTS
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 VSPHERE ARCHITECTURE

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 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF VMWARE
INFRASTRUCTURE
VMware ESX/ESXi
They are "bare-metal" hypervisors -

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they install directly on top of the
physical server and partitions it into
multiple virtual machines that sharing
the physical resources of the underlying
server.

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 VSPHERE ESX
The virtualization kernel (VMkernel) was
supported with the console operating system
(COS or service console)

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The primary purpose of the COS was to provide a
management interface into the host
Agents from 3rd parties can be deployed through
ESX to provide particular functionality
Example, hardware monitoring and system
management
Individual admin users logged into the COS to
run configuration and diagnostic commands and
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scripts

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 Virtualization Techniques
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VSPHERE ESX

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 VSPHERE ESXI
The COS has been removed and all of the VMware
agents run directly on the Vmkernel
Infrastructure services are provided natively

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through modules included with the Vmkernel
Other authorized 3rd party modules , such as

hardware drivers and hardware monitoring

components, can run in VMkernel as well but only
that have been digitally signed by VMware are
allowed, creating a tightly locked-down architecture
Preventing arbitrary code from running on the

vSphere host greatly improves the security of the

system 49

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 Virtualization Techniques
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VSPHERE ESXI

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 VSPHERE CLIENT
vSphere Client is an application that enables
management of a vSphere

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It can operate on an iPad or a Windows desktop
PC
It provides an administrator with access to the
key functions of vSphere

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 VSPHERE CLIENT

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 VCENTER SERVER
Provides centralized control and visibility at
every level of virtual infrastructure

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Delivers the security and availability of vSphere
through automated proactive management
Empowers a partner ecosystem to extend
virtualization capabilities

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 VCENTER SERVER

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 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF VMWARE
INFRASTRUCTURE
VMware Virtual Machine File System (VMFS)
ESX/ESXi Server uses the VMFS for storage of virtual
machines

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It is a high-performance cluster file system that allows
multiple installations of VMware ESX/ESXi to access the same
VM storage concurrently
VMFS enables the virtualization-based distributed
infrastructure services delivered by VMware vCenter, VMware
vMotion technology, VMware Distributed Resource Scheduler
(DRS) and VMware High Availability (HA), although in ver.
5.1, vMotion does not required shared VM storage
VMware Virtual Symmetric Multi-Processing (SMP)
technology
Enhance VM performance by enabling a single VM to use
multiple physical processors simultaneously 55

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 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF VMWARE
INFRASTRUCTURE
VMware Update Manager
Manage patches/updates for physical VMware
ESX/ESXi as well as guest operating systems,

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enforcing compliance and securing IT infrastructure
VMware Consolidated Backup
Provide a centralized backup facility for VMs
When an administrator takes a snapshot of a virtual
machine on the ESX/ESXi Server host, a point-in-time copy
of the virtual machine is instantaneously created
Consolidated Backup accesses this snapshot to back up the

virtual machine
Consolidated Backup enables backup software to
automate the task of making virtual machine disk 56
images available to the proxy server for backup

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 VMOTION
VMware vMotion
Allow the live migration of VMs from one physical
server to another for non-disruptive maintenance of

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IT environments

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 VMOTION
VMware Storage vMotion
Allow the live migration of VM disks from one shared
storage location to another with no disruption or

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downtime to application users

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 DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE
SCHEDULER (DRS)
VMware DRS dynamically balances computing
capacity across hardware resources aggregated
into logical resource pools, continuously

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monitoring and intelligently allocating available
resources among virtual machines based on pre-
defined rules
Includes Distributed Power Management (DPM),
which balances workloads to reduce power
consumption in the data centre

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 DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE
SCHEDULER (DRS)

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 HIGH AVAILABILITY (HA)
In the event of physical server failure, affected
virtual machines are automatically restarted on
other production servers with spare capacity

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In the case of operating system failure, vSphere
HA restarts the affected virtual machine on the
same physical server

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 FAULT TOLERANCE
It automatically trigger seamless stateful failover
when the protected virtual machines fail to
respond for zero downtime, zero data loss

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continuous availability
Automatically trigger the creation of a new
secondary virtual machine after failover, to
ensure continuous protection to the application

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 FAULT TOLERANCE

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 VMWARE VIEW
It is a desktop virtualization solution for delivering
desktops as a managed service
Help IT organization automate desktop and

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application management, reduce costs and increase
data security through centralization of the desktop
environment
The centralization results in greater end-user

flexibility and increased control for IT organizations

Built on and tightly integrated with vSphere which

allows customers to extend the value of VMware

infrastructure and its enterprise class features such
as high availability, disaster recovery and business 64
continuity
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 Virtualization Techniques
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VMWARE VIEW

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 VMWARE THINAPP
With VMware ThinApp, applications are
packaged into single executable that run
completely isolated from each other and the

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operating system for conflict-free execution on
end-point devices.

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 VMWARE VCLOUD DIRECTOR
VMware vCloud Director applies the principles of
pooling, abstraction and automation to all
datacenter services like storage, networking, and

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security
By dramatically simplifying the provisioning of
these services, VMware enables IT to provision
complete and operationally ready infrastructure
without worrying about the physical
configuration of hardware

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 VMWARE VCLOUD DIRECTOR

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 Virtualization Techniques
MICROSOFT
VIRTUALIZATION
PRODUCTS
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 HYPER-V SERVER 2012
Hyper-V Server contains the hypervisor, Windows
Server driver model, virtualization capabilities,
and supporting components such as failover

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clustering, but does not contain the set of
features and roles as the Windows Server
operating system
Hyper-V Server produces a small footprint and
requires minimal overhead
No new Windows Server licenses are required

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 VIRTUAL DESKTOP
INFRASTRUCTURE (VDI)
VDI allows a Windows client operating system to
run on server-based virtual machines in the
datacenter, which the user can access from a PC,

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thin client, or other client device
It can be run on Hyper-V Server and Windows
Server with Hyper-V
Deployment options:
PooledDesktops
Personal Desktops
Remote Desktop Sessions(Session Virtualization)

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 VDI VS SESSION VIRTUALIZATION
VDI
VDI provides the ability to
store full virtual machines,
including the operating
system, applications and
user data, on a server
which may be accessed by
multiple client devices
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Session Virtualization
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Users access a centralized
installation of a desktop
by sending keystrokes to
and receiving screen
shots from a server
This deployment requires
far fewer resources than
VDI, but does not typically
allow users to install their
own applications,
personalize their
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environments or have
administrative rights
 VDI VS SESSION VIRTUALIZATION

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 POOLED DESKTOP VS PERSONAL
DESKTOP
Pooled Desktop Personal Desktop

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Pooled Desktop shares VMs between users.
For Personal Desktop, VM is only
When a user logs off that VM is available for used for one user. This is good for
another person to use or can be rebuilt. This power users that require specific
is good for regular users that use a lot of the applications that might be
same application. manually installed.

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 REMOTE APP
It is for administrators to deliver remote
applications to users instead of full desktops

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RemoteApp enables a publishing process
Allows apps on session or VDI hosts to be provided to
users
Allows RemoteApps to run side by side with local
apps
Offers integration with the Start menu to make it
simple for users to find and launch RemoteApps

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 SYSTEM CENTER 2012
System Center is the unified management platform
where you can manage multiple hypervisors, physical
resources, and applications in a single offering

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SC2012 can even optimize resources across public

and private cloud with the following components:

App Controller
Configuration Manager
Data Protection Manager
Endpoint Protection
Operations Manager
Orchestrator
Service Manager
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 VIRTUAL MACHINE MANAGER
(VMM) 2012
Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) is a management
solution for the virtualized datacenter, enabling you to
configure and manage your virtualization host,

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networking, and storage resources in order to create and
deploy virtual machines and services to private clouds
that you have created.

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 MICROSOFT PRIVATE CLOUD
Microsoft private cloud solutions are built on
System Center and Windows Server. By using
the private cloud:

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Users can request, configure, and manage IT services
through an interactive portal that allows for
automated provisioning.
Resources can quickly be expanded or contracted
through automation or workflow.
Usage can be metered so that you and your customers
pay for only the resources that are actually
consumed.

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 LIVE MIGRATION
Live Migrationpre-copies a VMs memory from
the source to the destination host

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Any changes to memory pages during the pre-
copy process is also logged
Once the pre-copy is completed, VM is paused,
copies the memory deltas and then transfer
ownership to the target host which saves
significant time
Benefits
No dropped network connections
High availability for production workloads
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Flexible management

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 LIVE MIGRATION

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VM VM

Configuration
Memory
Memory Content
Sync
Cluster
Data
User Node 1 Cluster
VHD Node 2

Network
Storage

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 QUICK MIGRATION
When Quick Migration process is initiated, a VM is
placed in a Saved state (neither shutdown nor paused
state)

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During Saved state, a VM releases its memory

reservation on the host machine and stores the contents

of its memory pages to disk
Once this has been completed, the target host takes over

the ownership of a VM and brings it back to operation

Placing the VM in a Saved state is the most time-

consuming aspect of migration

The migration time depends upon the amount of

memory assigned to the VM along with network

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 LIVE MIGRATION VS QUICK
MIGRATION
Live Migration Quick Migration

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Quick Migration saves the
Live Migration can place a heavyburden on memory state of VMs to be moved,
networking resources to accomplish the VM and are capable of moving
move multiple VMs from one node to
Since there is a heavy load, only one VM can another at the same time
migrate at a time using Live Migration, and
if the load are really heavy, the migration
The VMs are 'frozen', and might
might fail not be acceptable for some
applications

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 SHARED-NOTHING VM LIVE MIGRATION
WITH WINDOWS SERVER 2012 HYPER-V
No shared storage, no shared cluster
membership.

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In an extreme case, a VM running on a laptop
with VHDs on the local hard disk can be moved
to another laptop that's connected by a single
Gigabit Ethernet network cable!

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 Virtualization Techniques
CITRIX VIRTUALIZATION
PRODUCTS
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 CITRIX XENSERVER
XenServer is an open-source virtualization platform based on
the Xen design
Xen and XenServer are two different projects although they

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share most of the code
Xen is developed as an open source project in Linux whereas Citrix
- the company behind the XenServer - is the main contributor
About once a year, the current version of Xen is bundled with
some additional software, tested thoroughly and branded as
XenServer
This is similar to the relationship between Fedora and RedHat
Enterprise
Open source Xen management tools don't work with
XenServer
Knowing Xen does not mean you know how to use XenServer and
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vice versa

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 XENSERVER
High Performance
Thin, fast 64bit Xen hypervisor provides near baremetal
performance

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Windows and Linux support in both 64bit and 32bit modes
Optimized for XenApp workload consolidation
Easy Setup and Admin
Fast, easy installation in less than 10 minutes
Intuitive XenCenter graphical interface
Available builtin on HP and Dell servers
Easy configuration and maintenance means lower total cost
You must apply free Activation license with the
XenCenter License Manager
The XenServer Free Edition license file is valid for one 86
year
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 XENCENTER
XenCenter is the management console for
XenServer

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It supports multiple XenServers

Using XenCenter, virtual machines can be

started, stopped, migrated, created, copied and

backed-up
XenCenter can be installed on any PC running
Windows XP or later
XenCenter installer can be

downloaded from existing

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 XENMOTION
XenMotion allows running guest VMs to be
migrated without service downtime

Virtualization Techniques
Zero down-time during planned maintenance

Load balance VMs over different servers

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 Virtualization Techniques
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XENMOTION

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 XENDESKTOP
Deliver desktops from the data centre
Eliminate deployment and refresh
Far more secure than traditional desktops

Virtualization Techniques
Full End to End Desktop virtualization solution
Support any back-end infrastructure:
Dedicated blades, VMs, and terminal services

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 Virtualization Techniques
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 VDI-IN-A-BOX 5.1
VDI-in-a-Box 5.1 provides personalized desktops
where users can install their own applications
and store their configuration and data

Virtualization Techniques
These personalized desktops are generated from
a master image providing the best of both worlds
Users get personalized desktops (personal vDisk)
while windows desktop administrators manage a
single master image (golden image)
It has built-in scalability and high-availability

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 TRADITIONAL VDI

Virtualization Techniques
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 Virtualization Techniques
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VDI-IN-A-BOX

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 CITRIX CLOUDPLATFORM
Based on an open source project CloudStack
It can be used for building public or private cloud

Virtualization Techniques
It can work in conjunction with CloudPortal
Business Manager to deliver
account management
pricing and billing
customer management
reporting capabilities

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