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9
Resource Blocks for OFDMA
One frame is 10 ms consisting of 10
subframes
One subframe is 1ms with 2 slots
One slot contains N Resource Blocks (6
< N < 110)
The number of downlink resource blocks depends
on the transmission bandwidth.
One Resource Block contains M
subcarriers for each OFDM symbol
The number of subcarriers in each resource block
depends on the subcarrier spacing f
The number of OFDM symbols in each
block depends on both the CP length 10
11
LTE Spectrum (Bandwidth and Duplex)
Flexibility
12
LTE Downlink Channels
The LTE radio interface, various "channels" are
used. These are used to segregate the different
types of data and allow them to be transported
across the radio access network in an orderly
fashion.
Physical channels: These are transmission
channels that carry user data and control
messages.
Transport channels: The physical layer transport
channels offer information transfer to Medium
Access Control (MAC) and higher layers.
13
Logical channels: Provide services for the Medium
LTE Downlink Channels
Paging Channel
14
LTE Downlink Logical Channels
15
LTE Downlink Logical Channels
16
LTE Downlink Transport Channel
17
LTE Downlink Transport Channel
18
LTE Downlink Physical
Channels
19
LTE Downlink Physical
Channels
20
LTE Uplink Channels
CQI report
Physical Uplink Shared Channel
Physical Radio Access Channel
21
LTE Uplink Logical Channels
22
LTE Uplink Transport
Channel
23
LTE Uplink Physical
Channels
24
LTE Key Features (1/2)
Highspectralefficiency
OFDM inDownlink
SingleCarrierFDMAinUplink
Verylowlatency
Shortsetuptime&Shorttransferdelay
Shorthand overlatencyandinterruptiontime
Supportofvariablebandwidth
1.4,3,5,10,15and20MHz
25
LTE Key Features (2/2)
Compatibilityandinterworkingwith
earlier 3GPP
FDDandTDDwithinasingleradioac
cess technology
EfficientMulticast/Broadcast
26
Adaptive Modulation and Coding
2 bits per symbol in
each carrier.
27
MIMO ANTENNA
MIMO: Multiple input multiple output
Given an arbitrary wireless communication system:
A link for which the transmitting end as well as the receiving end is
equipped with multiple antenna elements
The signals on the transmit antennas and receive antennas are
combined to improve the quality of the communication (ber and/or bps)
MIMO systems use space-time processing techniques
Time dimension is completed with the spatial dimension
28
Multiple antenna fundamentals
29
Planning in LTE
LTE Planning Procedures
Planning process is a very vital process we should do it
carefully to get good network performance
LTE Planning Process consists of three main steps as below
Preplanning
Information Gathering
Dimensioning
Detailed planning
Prediction & Simulation
LTE Planning Procedures
TSS
Code Planning
Neighbors Planning
Parameters planning
Acceptance
SSV
KPIs
PCI Planning
Cell ID groups are adopted in the Cell Search procedure
of the LTE System. Specifically, a special ID within a cell
group is determined through the PSCH, and then a Cell
Group ID determined through the SSCH
As Specified in 3GPP protocol, the Cell ID at the
physically layer consist of cell group ID and the ID within
the cell group
There are 168 physically layer cell groups and each
group consist of three IDs.
Therefore, totally there are 504(0-503) PCIs available
Handover in LTE
The reports triggered by events are:
A1: Serving cell becomes better than absolute threshold
A2: Serving cell becomes worse than absolute threshold
A3: Neighbor cell becomes better than an offset relative to
the serving cell
A4: Neighbor cell becomes better than absolute threshold
A5: Serving cell becomes worse than an absolute threshold
and neighbor cell becomes better than another absolute
threshold
Handover in LTE
For inter-RAT mobility, the following event-triggered
reporting criteria are specified:
B1 (Inter-RAT): Neighbor cell becomes better than an
absolute
threshold
B2 (Inter-RAT): Serving cell becomes worse than an
absolute
threshold and neighbor cell becomes better than
another
absolute threshold
Connect Reconfiguration & HO in
LTE
LTE TDD & FDD
QoS Architecture
QoS Architecture