Motion

Speed, acceleration,
momentum
 Frames of Reference
Object or point from which motion is
determined
Most common is the

Earth
Motion is a change

in position relative to
a frame of reference
 What is motion?
If you are standing in one place, and your
friend walks by you, are you moving
relative to your friend?
Is your friend moving relative to you?

Is either of you moving relative to the

earth?
 Answer:
You are moving relative to your friend, and
your friend is moving relative to you!
You are not moving relative to the earth,
but your friend is. You are both moving
relative to the sun!
 What is motion?
If you and your friend are walking down the hall
together at the same speed, in the same direction, are
you moving relative to your friend?
Is your friend moving relative

to you?
Are either of you moving

relative to the Earth?

 Answer:
You are NOT moving relative to
your friend, and your friend is NOT
moving relative to you. You both
are moving relative to the earth.
 Speed
Speed = Distance Time
D_
S T
Example: A car travels 300km in 6
hours. What is the speed of the car?
 Answer:

Speed = distance time

Speed = 300km 6 hours

Speed = 50km/hr
 More practice
1. How far can a plane travel if it flies
800km/hr for 9 hours?

2. How long does it take a ship to go 500

km if it travels at a speed of 50km/hr?
 Answer

1. D
S T
D
800 9
800km 9hrs = 7200km
hr
 Answer

2. D
S T
500
50 T

500km 50km = 10 hrs

hr
 Velocity
Speed in a given direction.

What is the velocity of a boat that

travels from St. Peter to Mankato (10
miles) in 15 minutes?
 Answer

Speed = distance time

Speed = 10 miles 15

minutes
Speed = 0.67 mi/min

Velocity = 0.67 mi/min South

 Change your answer to
mi/hr!
0.67mi/min x 60min/hr =

40 mi/hr
 Distance-time graphs
On your paper, graph the following:
D (m) T (sec)
0 0
5 7
10 14
15 21
 Was your graph a straight
line?
A distance-time graph which is
a straight line indicates
constant speed.
In constant speed, the object

does not speed up or slow

down. The acceleration is zero.
 Graph the following on a
distance-time graph:
D (m) T (s)
0 0
5 1
20 2
45 3
80 4
125 5
0 1 2 3 4 5
 Was your graph a curve?

Agraph that curves on a

distance-time graph shows
that the object is
accelerating
 Distance-time graphs
Describe the motion of the object as
shown in the
graph.
From 0-8 sec,
constant
speed:
(25 m/sec);
From 8-12 sec,
no motion;
From 12-16
sec,
acceleration;
 Speed-time graphs
Using the distance-time graph from
the last frame, draw a speed time
graph. First fill in the table below:
Average Speed (m/s) Time (sec)
____
25 0 to 8
0
____ 8 to 12
37.5
____ 12 to 20
 What does your graph look
like?
Constant speed will be a
horizontal line on a speed time
graph.
If the speed decreases, the line

will slant down.

If the speed increases, the line

will slant up.

What do the following speed-
time graphs depict?