CLASSIFICATION

OF MATTER

Submitted by: Genelle L. Badovino

Submitted to: Peter M. Belen
Introduction on classification of matter.
SOLID
Solidis one of the
four fundamental states o
f matter
(the others beingliquid,
gas, andplasma). It is
characterized by
structural rigidity and
resistance to changes of
shape or volume. Unlike a
liquid, a solid object does
not flow to take on the
shape of its container, nor
does it expand to fill the
entire volume available to
it like a gas does.
 LIQUID
As such, it is one of the
four fundamental states
of matter (the others
being solid, gas, and
plasma), and is the only
state with a definite
volume but no fixed
shape. Aliquidis made
up of tiny
vibratingparticlesof
matter, such as atoms,
held together by
intermolecular bonds.
 GAS
Gases, liquids and solids
are all made up of
atoms, molecules,
and/or ions, but the
behaviors of
theseparticlesdiffer in
the three
phases. ...Particlesin
a:gasare well
separated with no
regular arrangement.
liquid are close
together with no
regular arrangement.
 PLASMA
They are different and
unique from the other
states of matter. Plasma
is different from a gas,
because it is made up of
groups of positively and
negatively charged
particles. In neon gas,
theelectronsare all
bound to the nucleus. In
neon plasma,
theelectrons are free
to move around the
system.
 BOSE-EINSTEIN
CONDENSATE
ABoseEinstein
condensate(BEC) is a
state of matterof a dilutegasof
bosonscooled totemperatures
very close toabsolute zero(that
is, very near0Kor273.15C).
Under such conditions, a large
fraction of bosons occupy the
lowestquantum state, at which
point
macroscopic quantum phenomena
become apparent. A BEC is
formed by cooling a gas of
extremely low density, about one-
hundred-thousandth the density
of normal air, to ultra-low
temperatures.
SUBSTANCE AND MIXTURE
Matter can be broken down into two
categories: pure substances and
mixtures. Puresubstancesare further
broken down into elements and compounds.
Mixturesare physically combined
structures that can be separated into their
original components. A
chemicalsubstanceis composed of one
type of atom or molecule.
MIXTURE SUBSTANCE
 ELEMENTS AND
COMPOUND
Elementsare substances (like
hydrogen and oxygen) that can't be
split into simpler substances. A
substance like water, that is made up
of two or moreelements, is called
acompound. Compoundsare
usually very different from
theelementsthat have combined
together to make them.
ELEMENTS COMPOUND
 KINDS OF ELEMENTS
NATURAL ELEMENTS

Hydrogen (H), Iron (Fe),

Oxygen (O), Helium (He),
Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N),
Barium (Ba), Copper (Cu)
 ARTIFICIAL ELEMENTS

Californium (Cf), Berkelium (Bk),

Americanium (Am), Einsteinium
(Es),
Hafnium (Hf), Fernium (Fm),
Lawrebcium (Lr), Nobelium (No)
THE END