Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
(Pvt) Ltd
WHAT ARE PUMPING SYSTEMS?
Transfer of
liquid from
source to
destination.
Circulate liquid
around a
system.
Prolific Systems & Technologies
2
(Pvt) Ltd
WHAT ARE PUMPING SYSTEMS?
Pumping Systems Comprises of :
Pumps
Prime movers: Electric motors, diesel engines, air
system
Piping network to carry / Transport fluid
Valves to control flow in system
Other fittings (Pipe fittings eg. elbows, flanges,
couplings sockets etc., control, instrumentation like
gauges for, temperature measurement, etc.)
End-use equipment
Heat exchangers, tanks, hydraulic machines,
process equipments.
Prolific Systems & Technologies 3
(Pvt) Ltd
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF
PUMPING SYSTEM
Head
Static
friction head
Static head
Pumps
7
Prolific Systems & Technologies
Basic difference between Centrifugal
and PD pumps
A centrifugal pump impeller moves a stream of liquid from
the pump suction to a discharge cone where velocity is
gradually decreased and converted to pressure energy.
Depending on the design of the particular pump, centrifugal
pumps are capable of either high or low discharge
pressures and high or low volume discharges.
Suction Conditions
Efficiency
Between Bearing
Impeller/s supported between two sets
of bearings
Overhung Impeller
Impeller overhangs a bearing support
bracket
The most
common type of
pump, with its
suction
horizontal and its
centerline
coincidental with
the shaft is an
end suction
pump
Prolific Systems & Technologies
53
(Pvt) Ltd
CONSTRUCTION OF AN IMPELLER
ALL
MECHANICAL SEALS
LEAK
3mtrs
In Fig 1
Calculate the total head on the pump.
Calculate the water Hydraulic power of the
pump.
Calculate the shaft power of the pump.
If
Pump %= 60%
Motor %= 80%
Refer Fig. 1
Total head on the pump
= Static discharge head + Static
suction head+
Frictional head + Velocity head
= 32 M + 3 M + 1 M = 35 M
Refer fig. 1
P= Hydraulic power = (QX H X X g)/1000
KW
Where Q=Discharge in M3/sec.
H= Total head in M.
= Density of water in Kg/M3.
g = gravitational constant in M/sec2
Hyd. Power= (8/3600 X 35 X 1000 X 9.81)/
1000
=0.762 KW = 1.033 HP
Prolific Systems & Technologies
75
(Pvt) Ltd
Calculation of Power
2. in fig. 1
What is the static discharge head.
the static discharge head= 30M.
Total Static head = Static
discharge head + static suction head
= 30M + 3 M = 33 M
Pressure
Head
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Operating Cost
Vibration.
Oil level.
Shaft speed.
Vibration
Suction lift may be too high. At a 25 foot lift the pump delivers
only about 50% of the water it delivers at a 10 foot lift.
The open impeller needs adjusting. You have too much clearance between
the impeller and the volute, or back plate, depending upon the pump design.
What is the proper open impeller clearance? Get this from the
pump supplier. You want the hot or operating clearance. You will
need to use a cartridge seal if you are going to adjust an open
impeller without interfering with the seal setting.
What are the seal environmental control limits? The seal supplier
has specified a pressure, temperature and flow in most cases.
Has the shaft axial thrust over compressed the seal faces?
192
Prolific Systems & Technologies
RECOMMENDED DAILY PREVENTIVE
MAINTENANCE CHECKS FOR
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Interval Routines
AND DRIVES]
Date/Initial
Daily Check pump for noisy bearings and cavitation.
Daily Check bearing oil for water and discoloration.
Daily Feel all bearings for temperature.
Daily Inspect bearings and oil rings through filling ports. Wipe bearing
covers clean.
Daily Check oil leaks at the gaskets.
Daily Self flush pumps - Hand check the flush line temperature to
determine flow through the line. External flush pumps - Determine if
flow indicator and needle valve adjustment are functioning properly.
Daily Check any water cooling for effective operation. Hand test
differential across coolers, jackets and exchangers. Disassemble and
clean as required.
Daily Check the Coupling assembly , guards .
Prolific Systems & Technologies
193
(Pvt) Ltd
RECOMMENDED MONTHLY AND 6 MONTHLY
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS FOR
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS AND DRIVES
Monthly Add oil to the bearing reservoirs, if required.
Monthly Clean oiler bulbs and level windows as required.
Monthly Make sure that the oil level is the correct distance from the shaft
centerline. Adjust if necessary.
Monthly Clean out debris from bearing brackets. Drain hole must be open.
Yearly Using an indicator clamped on the coupling, depress and lift on each
coupling and note the dial indicator change. Determine if the deflection
is normal for this machine. Refer to OEM manual.
Yearly Using an indicator, check axial float of the pump & the driver shaft in
similar manner.
Yearly Where the process will allow it, test run the turbine coupled to the
pump. When not possible, run the turbine uncoupled. With a
tachometer - verify proper governor operation & control. Determine if
hand (booster) valves are completely closed when required to carry
load. This influences steam economy.
Design Problems
Impeller damaged.
Impeller damaged.
Mis alignment.
pump.
Prolific Systems & Technologies
230
(Pvt) Ltd
PUMP GLOSSARY
232
Prolific Systems & Technologies
PUMP GLOSSARY
Dewatering - The removal of unwanted water (clear or dirty) but free from
hazardous materials.
Diffuser - A stationary housing similar to a volute in which the impeller
rotates. Compact in design, it enables the pump to produce higher
heads/pressures.
Discharge Hose - A collapsible hose used to move the water discharged
from the pump.
Discharge Port - Same as the outlet. The point where the discharge hose or
pipe is connected to the pump.
Drain Plugs - Removable plugs used to drain water from the pump during
periods of inactivity.