SCAVENGING IN IC

ENGINE
PREPARED BY SAHID ANOWAR
BSC 4
HIMT COLLEGE
WHAT IS SCAVENGING ?

It is nothing but a process of exchanging the gases

present in the cylinders after completion of expansion
with a charge of uncontaminated fresh air.
WHY WE NEED SCAVENGING?
Combustion is the key of power generation in all engines.
In IC Engine - (CI Engine) or Diesel Engine, Combustion occurs
inside the combustion chamber in cylinder itself.
Because it is Compression Ignition Engine (CI Engine), only air is
compressed not fuel and that is auto ignited.
Combustion needs oxygen not nitrogen or other gases, so only
21% of air is useful for combustion.
That's why we need fresh charged air to complete combustion.
Oxygen content is directly proportional to efficient combustion.
And for this we need effective scavenging processes.
BASIC PRINCIPLE

Fresh air enters the

cylinder by opening of the
port during the downward
stroke of piston and
continues till the port is
closed by the upward
stroke of piston.
PROCESS:

Scavenging occurs in 3 stages :

First period or Blow down period - exhaust valve opened, exhaust

gases are blown down in the exhaust manifold where lower
pressure exists.
Second period or Scavenging period - scavenge ports opened,
scavenge air (air) enters the cylinder.
Third period - retaining the air in the cylinder.
TYPES :

CROSS SCAVENGING

LOOP SCAVENGING

UNIFLOW SCAVENGING
CROSS SCAVENGING:
Cross flow and Revere loop scavenging
take place with the help of piston
movement. Cross flow scavenging,
transfer port (inlet) and exhaust port are
situated on the opposite side of the
cylinder. The exhaust gas is pushed out
by cross flow. The piston head is designed
to have a hump shape called deflector.
The fresh air enters in the engine cylinder
is deflected to the upward by a deflector
and pushing exhaust gas down the other
side. Before loop scavenging invented,
almost all two-stroke engines use this
method.
LOOP SCAVENGING

Similar to the cross flow scavenging,

but the inlet ad exhaust port are
placed the same side of the engine
cylinder. The gases are encouraged to
move loops. This type of scavenging
used carefully designed transfer port
(inlet) to loop fresh air rise towards
the cylinder head on one side and
pushes the burnt gas down to the
exhaust port installed just above the
inlet. It has a flat or slightly domed
piston crown. This is the most used
type of scavenging system.
Example: Schnuerle porting
UNIFLOW SCAVENGING

Uniflow scavenging so called

because both fresh charge and
exhaust gas move in a same
upward direction. In this method,
fresh air enters from the lower
side of the cylinder, and it pushes
out exhaust through the exit valve
situated at the top of the cylinder.
This method is used in large two-
stroke diesel engines.
THE END